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- Keyword
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- Synthetic aperture radar (3)
- #antcenter (1)
- AAR (Automated aerial refueling) (1)
- ARMAS (Autonomous and Resilient Management of All-Source Sensors) (1)
- All-source (1)
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- Alternative navigation (1)
- Antenna design (1)
- Bag of visual words (1)
- Basis pursuit (1)
- Cassegrain antenna (1)
- Compressed Sensing (1)
- Correlation-agnostic fusion (1)
- DDS (1)
- Data fusion (1)
- Dual parabolic reflector (1)
- FDE (Fault Detection and Exclusion) (1)
- Focal plane array (1)
- Fully-polarimetric data (1)
- GNSS radio occultation (1)
- GNSS-denied (1)
- GPS radio occultation (1)
- Ground control stations (1)
- High power microwaves (1)
- Hyperspectral (1)
- Image quality metrics (1)
- Information science (1)
- Interferometric SAR (IFSAR) (1)
- Ionosphere (1)
- Kalman filters (1)
- Kerberos (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering
A Statistical Analysis Of Sporadic-E Characteristics Associated With Gnss Radio Occultation Phase And Amplitude Scintillations, Daniel J. Emmons, Dong L. Wu, Nimalan Swarnalingam
A Statistical Analysis Of Sporadic-E Characteristics Associated With Gnss Radio Occultation Phase And Amplitude Scintillations, Daniel J. Emmons, Dong L. Wu, Nimalan Swarnalingam
Faculty Publications
Statistical GNSS-RO measurements of phase and amplitude scintillation are analyzed at the mid-latitudes in the local summer for a 100 km altitude. These conditions are known to contain frequent sporadic-E, and the S4-σϕ trends provide insight into the statistical distributions of the sporadic-E parameters. Joint two-dimensional S4-σϕ histograms are presented, showing roughly linear trends until the S4 saturates near 0.8. To interpret the measurements and understand the sporadic-E contributions, 10,000 simulations of RO signals perturbed by sporadic-E layers are performed using length, intensity, and vertical thickness distributions from previous studies, with the assumption that the sporadic-E layer acts …
Long-Distance Propagation Of 162 Mhz Shipping Information Links Associated With Sporadic E, Alex T. Chartier, Thomas R. Hanley, Daniel J. Emmons
Long-Distance Propagation Of 162 Mhz Shipping Information Links Associated With Sporadic E, Alex T. Chartier, Thomas R. Hanley, Daniel J. Emmons
Faculty Publications
This is a study of anomalous long-distance (>1000 km) radio propagation that was identified in United States Coast Guard monitors of automatic identification system (AIS) shipping transmissions at 162 MHz. Our results indicate this long-distance propagation is caused by dense sporadic E layers in the daytime ionosphere, which were observed by nearby ionosondes at the same time. This finding is surprising because it indicates these sporadic E layers may be far more dense than previously thought.
Distribution Of Dds-Cerberus Authenticated Facial Recognition Streams, Andrew T. Park, Nathaniel Peck, Richard Dill, Douglas D. Hodson, Michael R. Grimaila, Wayne C. Henry
Distribution Of Dds-Cerberus Authenticated Facial Recognition Streams, Andrew T. Park, Nathaniel Peck, Richard Dill, Douglas D. Hodson, Michael R. Grimaila, Wayne C. Henry
Faculty Publications
Successful missions in the field often rely upon communication technologies for tactics and coordination. One middleware used in securing these communication channels is Data Distribution Service (DDS) which employs a publish-subscribe model. However, researchers have found several security vulnerabilities in DDS implementations. DDS-Cerberus (DDS-C) is a security layer implemented into DDS to mitigate impersonation attacks using Kerberos authentication and ticketing. Even with the addition of DDS-C, the real-time message sending of DDS also needs to be upheld. This paper extends our previous work to analyze DDS-C’s impact on performance in a use case implementation. The use case covers an artificial …
A Comparison Of Correlation-Agnostic Techniques For Magnetic Navigation, Clark N. Taylor, Josh Hiatt
A Comparison Of Correlation-Agnostic Techniques For Magnetic Navigation, Clark N. Taylor, Josh Hiatt
Faculty Publications
Navigation using a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is common for autonomous vehicles (ground or air). Unfortunately, GNSS-based navigation solutions are often susceptible to jamming, interference, and a limited number of satellites. A proposed technique to aid in navigation when a GNSS-based system fails is magnetic navigation - navigation using the Earth's magnetic anomaly field. This solution comes with its own set of problems including the need for quality magnetic maps in every area in which magnetic navigation will be used. Many of the currently available magnetic maps are generated from a combination of dated magnetic surveys, resulting in maps …
Effects Of Motion Measurement Errors On Radar Target Detection, Darnell D. Parker
Effects Of Motion Measurement Errors On Radar Target Detection, Darnell D. Parker
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the relationships present between signal-to-clutter ratios, motion measurement errors, image quality metrics, and the task of target detection, in order to discover what factor merit greater focus in order to attain the highest probability of target detection success. This investigation is accomplished by running a high number of Monte Carlo trials through a coherent target detector and analyzing the results. The aforementioned relationships are demonstrated via sample synthetic aperture radar imagery, histograms, receiver operating characteristics curves, and error bar plots.
Theory And Design Of A Highly Compressed Dropped-Channel Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar, John T. Becker
Theory And Design Of A Highly Compressed Dropped-Channel Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar, John T. Becker
Theses and Dissertations
Compressed sensing (CS) is a recent mathematical technique that leverages the sparsity in certain sets of data to solve an underdetermined system and recover a full set of data from a sub-Nyquist set of measurements of the data. Given the size and sparsity of the data, radar has been a natural choice to apply compressed sensing to, typically in the fast-time and slow-time domains. Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) generates a particularly large amount of data for a given scene; however, the data tends to be sparse. Recently a technique was developed to recover a dropped PolSAR channel by leveraging …
Methods For Focal Plane Array Resolution Estimation Using Random Laser Speckle In Non-Paraxial Geometries, Phillip J. Plummer
Methods For Focal Plane Array Resolution Estimation Using Random Laser Speckle In Non-Paraxial Geometries, Phillip J. Plummer
Theses and Dissertations
The infrared (IR) imaging community has a need for direct IR detector evaluation due to the continued demand for small pixel pitch detectors, the emergence of strained-layer-super-lattice devices, and the associated lateral carrier diffusion issues. Conventional laser speckle-based modulation transfer function (MTF) estimation is dependent on Fresnel propagation and a wide-sense-stationary input random process, limiting the use of this approach for lambda (wavelength)-scale IR devices. This dissertation develops two alternative methodologies for speckle-based resolution evaluation of IR focal plane arrays (FPAs). Both techniques are formulated using Rayleigh-Sommerfield electric field propagation, making them valid in the non-paraxial geometries dictated for resolution …
Full Pattern Analysis And Comparison Of The Center Fed And Offset Fed Cassegrain Antennas With Large Focal Length To Diameter Ratios For High Power Microwave Transmission, Derek W. Mantzke
Theses and Dissertations
High power microwaves (HPM) have been a topic of research since the Cold War era. This paper will present a comparison between two Cassegrain-type antennas: the axially, or center fed, and the offset fed. Specifically, the 10 GHz operating frequency will be investigated with large focal length to diameter () ratios. Beam patterns which encompass the entire radiation pattern will be included for data validation and optimization. The simulations will follow a design of experiments factorial model to ensure all possible combinations of prescribed parameters are included, including an analysis of variance (ANOVA) study to find parameter influence on the …
Polarization-Based Image Segmentation And Height Estimation For Interferometric Sar, Augusta J. Vande Hey
Polarization-Based Image Segmentation And Height Estimation For Interferometric Sar, Augusta J. Vande Hey
Theses and Dissertations
To find scatterers in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, a modification is proposed to improve peak region segmentation (PRS) with region merging. The modification considers the polarization of each pixel before it is added to a segment to ensure the segment only contains pixels of the same polarization. Prior to region merging, the polarization of the segments is compared, so that only segments with the same polarization are merged into a single region. The segmented regions are used to find the height of each scatterer through interferometric SAR (IFSAR) processing. Multiple methods of IFSAR are examined to find the …
Composite Style Pixel And Point Convolution-Based Deep Fusion Neural Network Architecture For The Semantic Segmentation Of Hyperspectral And Lidar Data, Kevin T. Decker, Brett J. Borghetti
Composite Style Pixel And Point Convolution-Based Deep Fusion Neural Network Architecture For The Semantic Segmentation Of Hyperspectral And Lidar Data, Kevin T. Decker, Brett J. Borghetti
Faculty Publications
Multimodal hyperspectral and lidar data sets provide complementary spectral and structural data. Joint processing and exploitation to produce semantically labeled pixel maps through semantic segmentation has proven useful for a variety of decision tasks. In this work, we identify two areas of improvement over previous approaches and present a proof of concept network implementing these improvements. First, rather than using a late fusion style architecture as in prior work, our approach implements a composite style fusion architecture to allow for the simultaneous generation of multimodal features and the learning of fused features during encoding. Second, our approach processes the higher …
Global Sporadic-E Climatological Analysis Using Gps Radio Occultation And Ionosonde Data, Travis J. Hodos
Global Sporadic-E Climatological Analysis Using Gps Radio Occultation And Ionosonde Data, Travis J. Hodos
Theses and Dissertations
A climatology of sporadic-E (Es) derived from a combined data set of GPS radio occultation (GPS-RO) and ground-based ionosonde soundings is presented for the period from September 2006 to February 2019. The ionosonde soundings were measured using the Lowell Digisonde International (LDI) Global Ionosphere Radio Observatory (GIRO) network consisting of 65 sites and 13,141,060 total soundings. The GPS-RO observations were taken aboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites and processed using two binary Es detection algorithms, totaling 9,072,922 occultations. The first algorithm is an S4 amplitude threshold calibrated to the occurrence of any blanketing Es …
Detection And Identification Of Cellphone Emitted Light Detection And Ranging Light In Security Camera Video Footage, Tristan V. Creek
Detection And Identification Of Cellphone Emitted Light Detection And Ranging Light In Security Camera Video Footage, Tristan V. Creek
Theses and Dissertations
The prevalence of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors in consumer cellphones has ushered in an era of access to technologies previously inaccessible to the average person. Although LiDAR sensors emit light in the infrared spectrum invisible to the naked eye, many security cameras possess the ability to capture infrared light reflected off surfaces to detect LiDAR light in an environment. Once detected and recorded to video footage, current classification methods fail to identify the LiDAR light. Therefore, this research develops a methodology to detect LiDAR light in security camera video footage and identify it as cellphone LiDAR. A proposed …
Testbed Creation To Study Noise Radar Network Weighting Models And Data Fusion With Radio Tomographic Imaging, Ryan M. Jans
Testbed Creation To Study Noise Radar Network Weighting Models And Data Fusion With Radio Tomographic Imaging, Ryan M. Jans
Theses and Dissertations
Significant research has been conducted on RTI weighting models; however, very little comparative research has been conducted for NRN weighting methods. In order to create comparative weighting methods for NRN, it is necessary to create a testbed which allows for RTI and NRN research to be conducted simultaneously and allow for data fusion methods to also be researched. After creating the testbed and analyzing results, the newly proposed weighting method provides an up to 33% performance increase in target localization accuracy when compared to the previous weighting model used for NRN. The attenuation image resolution improvements resulted in a 79% …
Monocular Camera Localization Using A Bag Of Visual Words From Virtual World Data, Joshua A. Rinaldi
Monocular Camera Localization Using A Bag Of Visual Words From Virtual World Data, Joshua A. Rinaldi
Theses and Dissertations
The Visual Localization problem is the question of how to use visual information to determine the location of the camera that captured that data. The wide availability and low price of RGB cameras has made this useful in many fields such as SLAM, SAM and AR. This research seeks to determine if a BOVW can adequately overcome repetitious features in indoor environments and be effectively incorporated into a VL pipeline.
Relative Magnetic Position And Rotation Sensor Assisted Dual-Foot Pedestrian Dead Reckoning, Jenario Y. Johnson
Relative Magnetic Position And Rotation Sensor Assisted Dual-Foot Pedestrian Dead Reckoning, Jenario Y. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
The use of wearable foot-based inertial measurement units (IMUs) incorporated in a navigation system can address the problem of single-person location tracking in situations and environments where GPS signals may be unavailable or inconsistent. This Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) approach enables standalone personal tracking. A notable solution involves using inertial measurement units (IMUs) in a filter to apply zero-velocity updates to a Kalman filter to get a position solution. This paper continues on the path of the former method by investigating the feasibility of PDR using a pair of low cost IMUs along with a pair of relative position and …
Deep Learning Techniques To Estimate 3d Position In Stereoscopic Imagery, Jonathan I. Nicholson
Deep Learning Techniques To Estimate 3d Position In Stereoscopic Imagery, Jonathan I. Nicholson
Theses and Dissertations
Current AAR efforts utilize machine vision algorithms to estimate the pose of a receiver aircraft. However, these algorithms are dependent on several conditions such as the availability of precise 3D aircraft models; the accuracy of the pipeline significantly degrades in the absence of high-quality information given beforehand. We propose a deep learning architecture that estimates the 3D position of an object based on stereoscopic imagery. We investigate the use of both machine learning techniques and neural networks to directly regress the 3D position of the receiver aircraft. We present a new position estimation framework that is based on the differences …
Evaluation Of The Armas-Som Framework With Real Data, Brandon M. Blakely
Evaluation Of The Armas-Som Framework With Real Data, Brandon M. Blakely
Theses and Dissertations
The ARMAS framework was created with the goal of developing a framework for all-source sensors which is able to combine detection, identification, calibration, model selection, and independent evaluation into a single system. Stable Observability Monitoring (SOM), augments the original ARMAS framework by enabling ARMAS to detect whether or not its Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) capabilities can be trusted and when additional sensor information is required to maintain resiliency. While previously tested with simulated sensor data, SOM has yet to be tested with real-life sensor data. Furthermore, ARMAS has only been tested with real-life GNSS data. This work expands on …
Uav Positioning Data Determined Via Aruco Tags For Aircraft Surface Inspection, Caleb B. Schmidt
Uav Positioning Data Determined Via Aruco Tags For Aircraft Surface Inspection, Caleb B. Schmidt
Theses and Dissertations
Aircraft are frequently inspected to ensure that military and civilian safety standards are adhered to. These inspections are performed pre- and post-flight and are currently performed by trained maintenance personnel. This work furthers the automation of aircraft surface inspection by using ArUco tags to determine the position of the UAV during aerial inspections. The ArUco tag based position data was then compared to a highly accurate infrared motion capture system to determine the viability of this for accurate positioning of the vehicle. This work includes flight experiments with two different UAVs to perform a system viability comparison.
Performance Assessment Of Navigation Using Carrier Doppler Measurements From Multiple Leo Constellations, Michael J. Hartnett
Performance Assessment Of Navigation Using Carrier Doppler Measurements From Multiple Leo Constellations, Michael J. Hartnett
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this work is to characterize a novel navigation method which uses carrier Doppler shift measurements from LEO satellites. An ever-growing reliance on the GNSS has coincided with an increase in ways it can be degraded or denied, whether naturally occurring or man-made. These potentially disastrous threats to traditional navigation and timing have necessitated new technologies to augment GNSS in the case of an outage. LEO constellations, whose size and higher signal power make them potentially useful for navigation, are one technology that has been explored. The navigation algorithms detailed in this research use Doppler measurements from 8 …
Design Study For An Antenna Radar Cross Section Measurement Test Fixture, Wayne C. Kreimeyer
Design Study For An Antenna Radar Cross Section Measurement Test Fixture, Wayne C. Kreimeyer
Theses and Dissertations
Military technology requires equipment to be undetected by adversaries. Stealth aircraft are designed to be undetected through electromagnetic means by minimizing a return signature called the RCS. Therefore, it is essential to understand how antennas, which are necessary for communication, affect the overall RCS of the aircraft. The antenna is measured in a compact RADAR range. The antenna needs a structure to support it, also referred to as a test fixture, that does not interfere with the measuring process of the antenna’s RCS. This thesis set out to get the lowest RCS possible of a test fixture by evaluating different …
Machine Learning Land Cover And Land Use Classification Of 4-Band Satellite Imagery, Lorelei Turner [*], Torrey J. Wagner, Paul Auclair, Brent T. Langhals
Machine Learning Land Cover And Land Use Classification Of 4-Band Satellite Imagery, Lorelei Turner [*], Torrey J. Wagner, Paul Auclair, Brent T. Langhals
Faculty Publications
Land-cover and land-use classification generates categories of terrestrial features, such as water or trees, which can be used to track how land is used. This work applies classical, ensemble and neural network machine learning algorithms to a multispectral remote sensing dataset containing 405,000 28x28 pixel image patches in 4 electromagnetic frequency bands. For each algorithm, model metrics and prediction execution time were evaluated, resulting in two families of models; fast and precise. The prediction time for an 81,000-patch group of predictions wasmodels, and >5s for the precise models, and there was not a significant change in prediction time when a …