Civil Engineering Commons^™

Demystifying Utility Coordination: Understanding The Basics, Josshe I. Palm

Purdue Road School

This session will explain utility coordination to non-utility coordinators. It will help educate others about the role and responsibilities of a utility coordinator, an OSA, easy UC and design mistakes to avoid, scope and design considerations, items commonly overlooked, when to coordinate SUE, and how to work with your UC to request a letting adjustment. We will also highlight UC submittals and allow time for questions about the UC’s role in a project’s success.

Environmental Assessments On A Local Project, Robert Winebrinner, Trevor Wieseke, Summer R. Elmore, Alison Krupski, Mike Maurovich

Purdue Road School

This presentation will go through the environmental process of a recent $125M local project within Noblesville. What are the major differences between the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) process as it relates to an environmental assessment (EA)? What is required, what is not required, and what is optional? How long does the process take? Join us as we walk through this exciting process and experience.

Investigation Of Mechanical Properties Of Recycled Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Reinforcing Cement, Caleb Mull, Fnu Archie, Harry Lee, Guyuan Zhang

Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship

The usage of fiber-reinforced polymer composites in various fields has increased significantly due to their advantageous physical and mechanical properties. However, the sustainability of composite parts has not been fully solved for a long time. Most end-of-life (EOL) composite parts have been landfilled without recycling due to the recycling cost and lack of application of recycled composites. Mechanical composite recycling that shred the EOL composite part and reuse it for downgraded applications is one of the most commonly used recycling processes for the EOL composite part. In this research, mechanical composite recycling process was demonstrated for the construction application. The …

Blast Analysis Of Steel-Plate Composite Slabs: Sdof And Fem Analyses, Joshua R. Harmon, Amit H. Varma

Bowen Laboratory Research Reports

Steel-plate composite (SC) members have emerged as competitive construction methods for tall buildings and nuclear power plants. Detailed design guidance has been created for these functions and design of these members is now covered in AISC 341-16 and ASIC N690-18. However, SC members are emerging for use in protective structures to withstand blast and impact loads. Although experimental tests of SC members for blast resistant design have been conducted, design of SC members for blast loads has not been addressed in existing design references for blast loadings (UFC 3-340-02). This report details a general design philosophy for blast loaded SC …

Waterproofing Membrane For Concrete Boxes And Culverts, Keith Alan Lytton P.E., Jeremy Hunter P.E.

Purdue Road School

In 2019 a new INDOT Specification went into effect for waterproofing on concrete pipes and three- and four-sided boxes. The new specification decreased the leakage at these structures joints from 95% to less than 5%. This presentation will provide the background on why the change was needed and the solution, complete with construction examples and results.

Pore Characteristics And Computed Permeability Of Pastes Subject To Freeze-Thaw Cycles At Very Early Ages By X-Ray Ct, Ya Wei, Zehong Wu, Xiang Gao

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Freeze-thaw cycling can damage microstructure of concrete and reduce the service life of concrete structures. This is especially detrimental for concrete subject to freeze-thaw cycles at very early-ages, such as within the first few days after constructions. Typical low and high water-to-cement (w/c) ratio pastes are investigated experimentally and numerically in this study. The pastes are subject to freeze-thaw cycles at the age of 1, and 7 days and then sealed-cured to the age of 45 days. The pore size distribution is measured and quantified by X-ray computer tomography (CT) with high resolution. The permeability of the corresponding pastes is …

Development Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Conductive Inclusions For Use In Self-Sensing Applications, Benny Suryanto Dr, Danah Saraireh Ms, Steven Walls Mr, Jaehwan Kim Dr, W John Mccarter Prof

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The mechanical and a.c. electrical properties of a new varietal of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) incorporating conductive inclusions are presented. Electrical measurements were undertaken over a wide frequency range while curing and when under uniaxial tensile loading to study the influence of ongoing hydration and multiple microcrack formation on the composite electrical impedance. When presented in Nyquist format, the work shows that conductive inclusions reduce the bulk resistance of the composite while enhancing its polarizability, transforming the classic, single-arc bulk response of typical cement-based materials to a two-arc response. The bulk resistance was shown to increase with time and damage, …

Rehabilitation Of Low Rise Rcc Structure Along 9m High Retaining Wall, Aniruddha Nakhawa Er, Vivek Deshmukh Dr

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India, facing bigger challenges in accommodating its over growing population day by day. The Mumbai City has population of 18.4 million over its 634 km2 area, ie. Almost 350 ft2/person. This enormous rise in population density has restricted the development to expand vertically. This also, results in growth of major slums, which is almost 62% of the population dwelling in slums. Subsequently, the authorities is in need of a large scaled Slum Sanitation Program, which utilize the scarcely available land for construction of Community Toilet Blocks with involvement of NGO’s and …

Residual Service Life Estimation And Its Importance For Pretensioned Concrete (Ptc) Bridges In Coastal Cities, Dyana Joseline, Deepak K. Kamde, Sripriya Rengaraju, Radhakrishna G. Pillai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Many pre-tensioned concrete (PTC) bridges are experiencing premature chloride-induced corrosion. Hence, it is crucial to estimate their residual service life and update it with newer data on a periodic basis - to plan for corrosionpreventionorcontrolmeasuresandensuresafetyofexistingbridges.Criticalchloridethreshold(Cl th) is one of the parameters necessary to estimate the corrosion initiation period. However, quantitative estimates on Clth for prestressing (PS) steel are not well-reported in literature. This paper presents experimental data on the Clth of PS steel, the chloride diffusion coefficient (Dcl), and surface chloride concentration (Cs) of concrete samples obtained from a PTC bridge girder in a coastal city in India. For estimation …

Study On Accelerated Microbial Corrosion Of Concrete By Artificially Intensified Sewage, L. J. Kong, M. F. Cao, Xiangming Zhou Prof, H. R. Lu, H. Lu, G. Kastiukas

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this study, the artificially intensified sewage with different levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were prepared, and the changes in weight and strength, as well as the micro morphology, mineral compositions and pore structure of concrete specimens immersed in the artificially intensified sewage and water were investigated in comparison. In parallel, the COD, pH, H₂S and O₂ values, as well as the microbial species and contents of sewage were monitored in the corrosion process. Furthermore, the microbial structure and activities within biofilm developed on concrete surface were also analyzed. The results indicated that the increase of …

Service Life And Life-Cycle Assessment Of Reinforced Concrete With Fly Ash And Limestone Calcined Clay Cement, Ravindra Gettu, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, Manu Santhanam, Sundar Rathnarajan, Anusha Basavaraj, Sripriya Raju, Yuvaraj Dhandapani

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Environmental impact due to the emission of carbon dioxide during concrete production can be taken care by reducing the clinker content in the cement. The clinker content can be reduced by replacing it with fly ash and limestone calcined clay. Such systems can have a potential to exhibit enhanced durability/service life when exposed to chloride and carbon dioxide. However, estimating probabilistic service life of concretes with such alternative binder systems is difficult due to the lack of quantitative estimates of the input parameters such as chloride diffusion coefficient (D_Cl), ageing coefficient (m), carbonation coefficient (K_CO2), and …

Effect Of Mix Parameters On Strength Of Geopolymer Mortars - Experimental Study, Abdolhossein Naghizadeh, Stephen O. Ekolu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this article, an investigation is reported on development of strength in South African fly ash (FA) – based geopolymer mixtures. Locally available Class F, FA from one of the coal power stations was used in the investigation. The alkali-activator used consisted of sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) mixed in varied ratios of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 SS to SH. The SS of silicate modulus = 2.5 was used but the SH concentration in the activator was varied to 10, 12, 14M NaOH. Mortars of 2.25 aggregate/binder ratio were used to prepare 50 mm cubes. In …

New Model For Natural Carbonation Prediction In Reinforced Concrete – Concept And Validation On Chemical Admixtures, Stephen O. Ekolu, M Raats

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

A new model for prediction of natural carbonation in reinforced concrete structures has recently been developed and presented in (Ekolu, 2018). For brevity, the model is referred to as ESS model. It employs concrete strength as the primary property depicting core carbonation behaviour of any given concrete while other factors induce secondary influence. Chemical admixtures in concrete significantly influence concrete behaviour. Using experimental data from the literature (Dan-Herrera et al., 2015), the model behaviour is verified under use of various types of chemical admixtures of concrete including internal curing, shrinkage reducing, viscosity modifying, and high range water reducing admixtures. Class …

Strength And Durability Performance Of Ultra-High-Performance Cementitious Composite Enhanced With Carbon Nanofibres, Jlg Nim, Sudharshan Naidu Raman, Mfm Zain, R Hamid, Fc Lai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is known for exhibiting excellent strength and a more durable matrix compared to conventional concrete. Typically UHPC consists of carefully selected constituent materials of: ultrafine graded sand, silica fume (or other alternative binders), steel micro-fibres, and ordinary (or special blends) Portland cement. This study was initiated to synthesize a new blend of Ultra-high-performance cementitious composite (UHPCC) with compressive strength higher than 150 MPa under normal curing conditions, and to investigate the influence of two different sources of carbon nanofibres (CNF) on its strength, durability and microstructure properties. Several mix designs with different CNF percentages were designed, optimised …

Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring Iot: The Path Loss Analysis, Abdul Salam, Syed Shah

Faculty Publications

The extra quantities of wastewater entering the pipes can cause backups that result in sanitary sewer overflows. Urban underground infrastructure monitoring is important for controlling the flow of extraneous water into the pipelines. By combining the wireless underground communications and sensor solutions, the urban underground IoT applications such as real time wastewater and storm water overflow monitoring can be developed. In this paper, the path loss analysis of wireless underground communications in urban underground IoT for wastewater monitoring has been presented. It has been shown that the communication range of up to 4 kilometers can be achieved from an underground …

Application Of Computational Tools To Spaghetti-Based Truss Bridge Design, Jin Xu, Jiliang Li, Nuri Zeytinoglu, Jinyuan Zhai

ASEE IL-IN Section Conference

Application of Computational Tools to Spaghetti-Based Truss Design

Statics and Strength of Materials are two foundational courses for Mechanical/Civil Engineering. In order to assist students in better understanding and applying concepts to a meaningful design task, SolidWorks and theoretical calculation were used for a spaghetti-bridge design contest with the constraints of given maximum weight and allowable support-material weight. As the first step of this iterative designing process, both extrude feature and structural member were introduced to model planar bridge trusses. Then SolidWorks’ Statics module was used to run FEA analysis of the structural performance in efforts to optimize the …

Load Distribution Of Adjacent Prestressed Concrete Box Beam Bridges, Luis F. Urrego, Ryan T. Whelchel, Robert J. Frosch, Christopher S. Williams

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

One of the most common bridge types is the adjacent prestressed concrete box beam bridge because the system is economical and simple to build; over 43,000 are currently in service within the US. However, they are highly susceptible to strand corrosion and concrete deterioration which can result in early loss of load capacity. Therefore, an experimental program sponsored by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) was initiated to determine the behavior of deteriorated beams and develop recommendations for load rating and design of this bridge type. Displacement sensors were installed on a bridge in service to measure its deformation under …

When To Use Midwest Guardrail System (Mgs) W-Beam Guardrail, Katherine Smutzer

Purdue Road School

In this session we will discuss when MGS w-beam guardrail should be placed on state and local projects and review pertinent INDOT Design Memos released over the past year.

Performance Of Mud Mortar Walls Under Seismic Loading, Christian L. Berneking Vi, Santiago Pujol, Prateek Pratap Shah, Lucas Laughery

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The inherently brittle nature of unreinforced masonry structures results in poor performance during earthquakes, presenting major hazards to communities. Many of these structures found in Nepal were severely damaged or destroyed during two earthquakes in 2015. The purpose of this project is to test the effect on seismic response of several modifications to stone and mud mortar structures. These structures are common in many areas of Nepal. Two T-shaped stone and mud mortar masonry walls are constructed. The first wall has no modifications and represents current building practices. The second wall uses steel wire mesh as external reinforcement. Each wall …

Buckling Of Cylindrical Shells Under Wind Loading, Tianlong Sun, Eyas Azzuni, Sukru Guzey

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Cylindrical shells such as aboveground steel storage tanks are widely used to store gases, chemicals and fuels. Stiffener rings are introduced to prevent cylindrical shells from buckling due to wind loads. The current top wind stiffener design rules used in the USA for such cylindrical storage tanks are specified in API 650. However, the design methodology of top stiffener rings is overly conservative. Therefore, relaxation of the design rules for the top stiffener is investigated in this study. The API 650 mandated top stiffener size was reduced to the same size as the mandated intermediate stiffener ring in this study. …

Hazard Assessment Of Meteoroid Impact For The Design Of Lunar Habitats, Herta Paola Montoya, Shirley Dyke, Julio A. Ramirez, Antonio Bobet, H. Jay Melosh, Daniel Gomez

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The design of self-sustaining lunar habitats is a challenge primarily due to the Moon’s lack of atmospheric protection and hazardous environment. To assure safe habitats that will lead to further lunar and space exploration, it is necessary to assess the different hazards faced on the Moon such as meteoroid impacts, extreme temperatures, and radiation. In particular, meteoroids pose a risk to lunar structures due to their high frequency of occurrence and hypervelocity impact. Continuous meteoroid impacts can harm structural elements and vital equipment compromising the well-being of lunar inhabitants. This study is focused on the hazard conceptualization and quantification of …

Cement Asphalt Mortar Modelling And Its Influence On High-Speed Train–Bridge System In Presence Of Moderate Earthquakes And Service Loading, Lingkun Chen

The 8th International Conference on Physical and Numerical Simulation of Materials Processing

No abstract provided.

Numerical Modeling And Seismic Assessment Of Smart Isolation System For High-Speed Railway Rc Bridge Subjected To Near-Field Ground Motions, Lingkun Chen

The 8th International Conference on Physical and Numerical Simulation of Materials Processing

No abstract provided.

Buckling Analysis Of Laminated Composite Box Beams, Domagoj Lanc, Goran Turkalj, Josip Brnic

The 8th International Conference on Physical and Numerical Simulation of Materials Processing

No abstract provided.

Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With High-Strength Steel, Brian C. Rogers, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Structures are commonly made of reinforced concrete, which is a composite material made of concrete and steel reinforcement. Using high-strength steel, with yield stress larger than 100 ksi, could help reduce the quantity of steel required in structural members, thus reducing costs and improving constructability. The hypothesis being tested is that smaller quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement (HSSR) can be used in place of conventional steel in reinforced concrete beams while maintaining similar strength and deformation at failure. Two reinforced concrete beams with two different types of longitudinal steel reinforcement were constructed. The beams were 18 in. wide, 30 in. …

High Strength Steel In The Reinforced Concrete Structures: Serviceability, Alan Kanybek, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The use of high-strength steel (yield stress larger than 100 ksi) in reinforced concrete structures can provide an effective alternative to using conventional steel (yield stress up to 80 ksi). The goal of this study is to investigate if slabs with reduced quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement meet the serviceability criteria. Instantaneous and long-term deflections in slab specimens with conventional steel and reduced amounts of high-strength steel (as compared with conventional steel) were studied. Two sets of two reinforced concrete slabs, each 14 ft. long, 30 in. wide, were built. The depth, quantity, and type of longitudinal reinforcement were varied …

Durability-Based Optimal Design Methodology For Rc Members In Corrosive Environment, Saeid A. Alghamdi, Shamsad Ahmad, Adamu Lawan

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

No abstract provided.

Wildcat Bridge - I-65 Artesion Well/Geotechnical/Structural, Anne Rearick, Jeremy Hunter, Silas Nichols, Mir Zaheer

Purdue Road School

In this session we will discuss the emergency design and repair of the I-65 bridge over Wildcat Creek in Tippecanoe County during the summer of 2015 that closed I-65 northbound.

Storm Damage - Floating Culverts, Dale Sedler, Mark Bailey

Purdue Road School

A review of buoyancy issues culverts experience due to blockage. Includes discussion of blockage due to floating debris and issues with multiple culverts. Provides information on characteristics that help to determine if a culvert has "floated."

Role Of Soil Parameters On Loading Of Buried Structures, Xiao Zhang, Mark D. Bowman, Rafael R. Armendariz Briones

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Load rating is the process to evaluate and explore the structural capacity of bridges as much as possible within safety range. As a balance between economy and safety, proper load ratings save money and keep public safe. Knowing the contribution and interaction of each different soil parameter on the loading can significantly reduce the amount of work when load rating those structures. However, for buried structures without plans, such contribution or interaction is never known. This parametric study explores how much each soil parameter of three types of soils can affect the loading of buried structures without plans. An existing …