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Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Coal, Energy And The Environment, Bobby G. Wixson, Betsy T. Kagey
Coal, Energy And The Environment, Bobby G. Wixson, Betsy T. Kagey
UMR-DNR Conference on Energy
No abstract provided.
Energy Conservation: Impact On Indoor Air, Purush K. Terkonda
Energy Conservation: Impact On Indoor Air, Purush K. Terkonda
UMR-DNR Conference on Energy
No abstract provided.
Exceptional Issues In Offshore Earthquake Geotechnology, R. G. Bea
Exceptional Issues In Offshore Earthquake Geotechnology, R. G. Bea
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This Moderator's Report reviews the state-of-the-art report and papers submitted to the session on Offshore Earthquake Geotechnology. Selection of earthquake intensity and characteristics of ground motions for design of offshore structures, offshore source and attenuation characterizations, local site effects, and structure-foundation-soil interactions that may be exceptional to the offshore environment are discussed.
Session 6: Discussion And Replies, Multiple Authors
Session 6: Discussion And Replies, Multiple Authors
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
No abstract provided.
Dynamically Coupled Percolation And Deformation Analysis Of Earth Dams, Z. J. Shen
Dynamically Coupled Percolation And Deformation Analysis Of Earth Dams, Z. J. Shen
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
An effective stress method using two-dimensional finite elements is presented for predicting the generation and dissipation of pore water pressure coupled with deformation in saturated sands under earthquake shaking. The method has been used to analyze the post-earthquake slide of upstream slope of Shimenling earth dam in Liaoning province during Haicheng earthquake on Feb. 4, 1975.
Seismic Analysis As A Tool In The Design Of Two Earth Dams, A. Yziquel, M. Lino, G. Post, B. Tardieu
Seismic Analysis As A Tool In The Design Of Two Earth Dams, A. Yziquel, M. Lino, G. Post, B. Tardieu
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Two dynamic analysis studies of embankment dams are described. One dam is 43m high on alluvium, the other is 140m high on a rock foundation in a highly seismic area. The main emphasis is on the practical nature of the analytical methods and their value as design tools. The earthquake design features of both projects are described and the closing paragraphs attempt to draw attention to the main points to be considered when running an earthquake analysis of earth dams.
Seismic Analysis Of Spinney Mountain Dam, J. V. Williamson, M. E. Shaffer
Seismic Analysis Of Spinney Mountain Dam, J. V. Williamson, M. E. Shaffer
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The Spinney Mountain Dam, now under construction in central Colorado, is a zoned earth embankment with a maximum height of 95 feet above foundation. Detailed geological investigations revealed rejuvenated sediments of nearby older faults, which have undergone tectonic movement within the past 13,000 to 30,000 years and hence are considered capable. Studies indicate the largest earthquake expected on the controlling fault would have a Richter Magnitude of about 6.2, implying peak ground accelerations at the site of about 0.6g and a 15-second duration of strong motion. Displacement on a branch of the main capable fault during such an event is …
Longitudinal Seismic Behavior Of Earth Dams, A. M. Abdei-Ghaffar
Longitudinal Seismic Behavior Of Earth Dams, A. M. Abdei-Ghaffar
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Earthquake-induced vibration in earth darns in a direction parallel to the darn axis is studied using analytical elastic models. The non-homogeneity of the darn materials is taken into account by assuming specific variations of the elastic moduli along the depth due to the confining pressure. Based on the models, a rational procedure is developed to estimate dynamic stresses and strains (both shear and normal) and corresponding elastic moduli and damping factors for earth darns from their hysteretic responses to real earthquakes, utilizing the hysteresis loops from the crest and base records. This leads to a study of the variation of …
Effective Stress Analyses Of Seismic Stability, E. Kavazanjian Jr., J. L. Chameau
Effective Stress Analyses Of Seismic Stability, E. Kavazanjian Jr., J. L. Chameau
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The factors involved in performing effective stress analysis of seismic stability problems are examined. The advantages of using a stochastic model for pore pressure generation are discussed. A simplified analysis of a hypothetical case is outlined to illustrate the factors involved in performing effective stress stability analysis.
Estimation Of Displacements Of Rockfill Dams Due To Seismic Shaking, J. L. Vonthun, C. W. Harris
Estimation Of Displacements Of Rockfill Dams Due To Seismic Shaking, J. L. Vonthun, C. W. Harris
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
A computer code for estimation of displacement of sliding surfaces during dynamic loading is discussed. The procedure allows selective incorporation of the effects of horizontal and vertical inertial forces, excess pore pressure development, hydrodynamic forces, shear strength reduction, and dilation. The relative effect of these parameters on the computed displacements can be readily determined for alternative design layouts or material behavior assumptions.
Seismic Deformation Of Dams By Correlative Methods, Y. K. Lin, K. V. Rodda, C. W. Perry, D. K. Gill
Seismic Deformation Of Dams By Correlative Methods, Y. K. Lin, K. V. Rodda, C. W. Perry, D. K. Gill
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Analyses are presented of the anticipated earthquake performance of three generally similar earth dams, situated in a seismically active area of northern California. The series of analyses illustrates a cost-effective approach which involved full-scale finite element analyses of one dam, and the use of limited dynamic analysis techniques and correlations to evaluate the other two. The simplified techniques were applied only after testing them against the finite element analyses, information is also presented on how the results of simplified and full-scale dynamic analysis procedures correlate.
On The Dynamic Stability Of Block Sliding On Rock Slopes, Wang Sijing, Zhan Juming
On The Dynamic Stability Of Block Sliding On Rock Slopes, Wang Sijing, Zhan Juming
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This paper deals with the dynamic analysis of block sliding on rock slope along plane surfaces, such as joints, bedding planes and faults. According to the results obtained in the shaking tests the dynamic friction along a sliding surface is dependent on the velocity of relative motion, and can be determined by using the proposed method of test. On the basis of conducted experiments a differential equation was established. The integration of the dynamics equation by numerical method provides a basis for evaluation of slope stability in terms of critical displacement and dynamic instability.
On The Use Of Nonlinear Soil Models, Albert T. F. Chen
On The Use Of Nonlinear Soil Models, Albert T. F. Chen
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The basic definitions of, and the differences between, currently available soil models are reviewed. These models are applied to site response analyses where two depths and two levels of base input motion are considered. Computational results are presented and compared with regard to the effects of using different soil models on computed site response. Other implications resulting from the choice of soil model for seismic response analysis are also discussed.
Earthquake Resistance Of A Rockfill Dam, C. Bossoney, M. Balissat, E. G. Prater, J. Studer, N. Zingg
Earthquake Resistance Of A Rockfill Dam, C. Bossoney, M. Balissat, E. G. Prater, J. Studer, N. Zingg
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The paper describes the investigation of the seismic safety of a 131 m high rock fill dam presently under construction across the Rio Chixoy in Guatemala. The dam is located in a region of high seismicity the recently active Motagua fault being only 40 km distant. Due to the possibility of high peak ground accelerations it was considered necessary to conduct a full dynamic analysis, which was carried out in stages following the Seed-Lee-Idriss method, the latter being modified where it was deemed necessary.
Physical Modeling To Assess The Dynamic Behavior Of Rock Slopes, J. A. Wilson
Physical Modeling To Assess The Dynamic Behavior Of Rock Slopes, J. A. Wilson
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The design of rock slopes in seismically active areas should consider the risk of earthquake loads. This study involved testing simple models of rock slopes on a hydraulic shaking table and displaying the results on time versus displacement curves. The results were compared with predicted displacements computed using equations available in the literature. At low frequencies and small amplitudes the predicted sliding rates compared very well with the rates observed during the testing. However as the frequencies and amplitudes were increased, the equations overestimated the displacements by gradually increasing amounts.
Permanent Deformation Of Earth Dams Under Earthquakes, William Y. J. Shieh, Rodney J. Huang
Permanent Deformation Of Earth Dams Under Earthquakes, William Y. J. Shieh, Rodney J. Huang
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Assessment of dam embankment deformation by various methods such as those proposed by Newmark, Ambraseys and Seed was reviewed herewith. A simple method based on dynamic response spectrum analyses by step-by-step integration technique is proposed for independent permanent deformation evaluation. The proposed method assumes that failure occurs on a well-defined slip surface and that the material behaves elastically at stress level below failure but develops a perfectly plastic behavior above the yield acceleration. The results of the proposed method were compared with those obtained from other method for actual examples. Favorable agreement on the analytical results was achieved.
Analysis Of Dynamic Shear Strain Distributed In Three Dimensional Earthdam Models, T. Ohmachi
Analysis Of Dynamic Shear Strain Distributed In Three Dimensional Earthdam Models, T. Ohmachi
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Dynamic shear strain distribution have been evaluated and illustrated for three dimensional earthdam models. The analysis method applied here is a simplified finite element method, which has proved to give vibration modes of an earthdam to a satisfactory level of accuracy by involving a smaller number of degrees of freedom. Mass and stiffness matrices of a dam have been formulated for two types of the shear modulus distribution, one uniform and the other linearly increasing with depth below the crest. Both magnitude and location of the maximum shear strain have been discussed in relation to topography of dam sites.
Design Measures To Improve Performance Of Fill Dams Under Earthquake Loading, K. L. Logani
Design Measures To Improve Performance Of Fill Dams Under Earthquake Loading, K. L. Logani
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Fill dams of height 50 meters or more are increasingly being planned, designed and constructed in highly seismic areas of the world. These dams incorporate various earthquake design measures. The design measures have been critically examined. Design guides with respect to free board, core base width, crest width, type and material of core and material of shells have been reviewed. Some examples of actual changes made in the design, for the seismicity of the region have been given (Table II). Finally, a table of pertinent data of over 50 high dams located in highly seismic areas of the world is …
Dynamic Properties Of Embankment Dams, M. Öner, M. Erdik
Dynamic Properties Of Embankment Dams, M. Öner, M. Erdik
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Forced vibration test result are presented for two large embankment dams. The results are compared with an approximately three dimensional finite element analysis. In addition a semi-empirical fundamental period expression is developed for use in the interpretation of the available natural period data. The period expression developed is based on the shear wedge solution for an inhomogeneous medium and takes the effect of the third dimension into account.
Rockfill Dam Stability Problems In A Seismic Zone, A. Moroianu, V. Perlea
Rockfill Dam Stability Problems In A Seismic Zone, A. Moroianu, V. Perlea
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
In the close vicinity of the great shock, March 4, 1977, in Vrancea region, Romania, one of the biggest shocks felt recently in Europe, two rockfill dams 120 m and, respectively, 70 m high with clayey cores are being constructed. In the paper, some problems arised by the design of these dams from earthquake engineering point of view are presented.
No Tension Approach To Define Failure Phenomena For Rockfill Dam Subjected To Earthquake Loading, K. G. Bhatia, R. Natarajan
No Tension Approach To Define Failure Phenomena For Rockfill Dam Subjected To Earthquake Loading, K. G. Bhatia, R. Natarajan
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
It has been observed that actual behavior of Rockfill dams during earthquake is much different than that obtained by elastic analysis. No tension approach has thus been developed to overcome the shortfalls of elastic analysis. Using no tension approach redistribution of stresses are obtained which help in defining the failure pattern of the dam' subjected to a given seismic acceleration or in other words the failure acceleration is obtained for a given dam subjected to earthquake forces. Various dam models having different upstream and downstream slopes are analyzed using finite element technique. The input earthquake motion has been considered as …
A Simplified Procedure For Evaluating Maximum Response Of Soil Layer During An Earthquake, Fu Shengcong, Jiang Jingbei
A Simplified Procedure For Evaluating Maximum Response Of Soil Layer During An Earthquake, Fu Shengcong, Jiang Jingbei
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
In this paper, the horizontally stratified soil layers are simplified as a shearing type multidegree of freedom linear system. The transfer function of the system is determined in accordance with the statistic analysis of the result from the mode superposition method of soil layer earthquake response. By referring to the method of finding the extreme value in probabilistic theory, a response spectrum corresponding to the power spectral density of soil layers is given. At the same time, distributions of maximum response values of acceleration, displacement, shearing strain and shearing stress of the soil layers along the depth are given according …
Pore Pressure Analysis For An Earth Dam During Earthquake, R. C. Sonpal, A. A. Dave
Pore Pressure Analysis For An Earth Dam During Earthquake, R. C. Sonpal, A. A. Dave
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
An analytical study of the pattern of variation in the pore pressures within an embankment during earthquake, based upon seismic analysis by the rigid body response method and by the elastic body response method using ICL 1901 A computer is presented herein. The pore pressure contours before and during an earthquake are presented for an upstream slope of Tapar dam situated in seismically active zone in West India.
Seismic Stability Indices Of Earth Structure, M. P. Singh
Seismic Stability Indices Of Earth Structure, M. P. Singh
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Indices like cyclic damage and factor of safety are often used to quantify stability of soil systems subjected to earthquake loads. The methods used to obtain these indices are described; the relationship between cyclic damage and factor of safety through the concept of uniform stress equivalent time history is explored. For evaluation of a soil system design, the use of a direct approach is proposed. Evaluation of this approach by a simulation study is outlined. This approach, can use response spectra directly as seismic design input, and it provides an acceptable procedure for seismic stability prediction of soil systems.
Embankment Design In Seismic Areas — Indian Practice, K. C. Thomas, S. N. Guru Rau, Bikram B. Raj
Embankment Design In Seismic Areas — Indian Practice, K. C. Thomas, S. N. Guru Rau, Bikram B. Raj
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
A number of river valley projects for the development of water and power resources, particularly in the Northern and North Eastern part of India, lie on the foothills of Himalayas which is seismically active. In the developmental activity of dam building, aseismic design of dam is therefore recognized and adopted. The paper presents the current Indian practice in the aseismic design of embankment dams with illustrations from studies carried out on some recent dams.
Evaluation Of Seismic Stability Of Foundation Soils Under Revelstoke Earthfill Dam, K. S. Khilnani, P. M. Byrne
Evaluation Of Seismic Stability Of Foundation Soils Under Revelstoke Earthfill Dam, K. S. Khilnani, P. M. Byrne
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The stability of the fine sands underlying the shells of the Revelstoke earthfill dam under earthquake shaking is discussed. The evaluation of liquefaction potential of the deposit was made from the field standard penetration resistance of the material. The dynamic analysis, made by a one-dimensional equivalent visco-elastic method, indicated that the sand under both the upstream and downstream shells had adequate liquefaction resistance and could be left in place. Adequate drainage of downstream fine sands was provided to further reduce its liquefaction potential.
Earthquake-Resistant Design Of Earth Dams, H. Bolton Seed
Earthquake-Resistant Design Of Earth Dams, H. Bolton Seed
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Lessons gained from observations of the field performance of earth darns during earthquakes are reviewed and used to illustrate the primary problems of concern. Defensive design measures which may be taken to mitigate the various hazards are reviewed and illustrated. Analytical approaches for evaluating seismic stability and the deformations of earth darns during earthquakes are discussed, together with recent developments which facilitate their implementation in special cases; situations which require careful consideration of special effects such as the three-dimensionality of the dam-valley system and pore pressure re-distribution following an earthquake are discussed and illustrated.
Session 7: Moderator's Report, W. F. Marcuson Iii
Session 7: Moderator's Report, W. F. Marcuson Iii
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
No abstract provided.
Session 7: Discussion And Replies, Multiple Authors
Session 7: Discussion And Replies, Multiple Authors
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
No abstract provided.
Source Mechanism And Seismic Effect Of Tangshan Earthquake, Hong-Qi Fang, Xin-Kwan Miao, Shu-Dong Zhao
Source Mechanism And Seismic Effect Of Tangshan Earthquake, Hong-Qi Fang, Xin-Kwan Miao, Shu-Dong Zhao
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
By analyzing the seismic mechanism of the Tangshan earthquake and its pattern of movement through the study of ground deformation and ground strain of the Tangshan earthquake area it is clear that the breeding and occurrence of this event are controlled by a long-term intense active fault zone. By the ground deformation, displacement, tectonic features and seismic effects after the event, this causative fault is known to be composed of a group of NNE trending right turn strike-slip faults and thus we call it the Tangshan active fault zone.