Chemical Engineering Commons^™

My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

My "life story" will begin with my formative years, my childhood and student days at the University of Vienna, including my dissertation. It will be followed by my teaching appointment as an Instructor at the II. Chemical Institute of the University of Vienna. The urge to see other lands, learn other languages and scientific methods led to the Wandering Years that brought me to the United States. After three years spent as a Research Associate at the University of Michigan and at Princeton University I spent more than 13 years in an industrial career at the Du Pont Company in …

Biomimetic Actuators: Where Technology And Cell Biology Merge [Review Article], Michael Knoblauch, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

Surface Structure Of Alkylsilylated Hzsm-5 As Phase-Boundary Catalyst, Hadi Nur, Yun Hau Ng, Mohd Nazlan Mohd Muhid, Halimaton Hamdan

Yun Hau Ng

The need for cleaner environment concerns motivates the development of more efficient catalytic system. Based on this consideration, recently a novel catalyst named "Phase-boundary catalyst", a bimodal amphiphilic solid catalyst, was proposed. It was demonstrated that the catalytic system containing phase-boundary catalyst required neither stirring to make an emulsion nor addition of a co-solvent to make a homogeneous solution to drive the reaction. The driving force that has prompted this paper is to investigate the surface structure of alkylsilylated HZSM-5 as phase-boundary catalyst. Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) of ammonia and, 13C and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to elucidate …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 01, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Ionic Strength Enhanced Surface Cleaning In Surfactant Solutions, Samuel Morton, D. Keffer, R. Counce

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.

Utilizing Green Engineering Concepts In Industrial Conceptual Process Synthesis, Samuel Morton, R. Counce

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.

Ordered Network Phases In Linear Poly(Isoprene-B-Styrene-B-Ethylene Oxide) Triblock Copolymers, Thomas H. Epps Iii, Eric W. Cochran, Travis S. Bailey, Ryan S. Waletzko, Cordell M. Hardy, Frank S. Bates

Eric W. Cochran

The equilibrium phase behavior of 43 linear poly(isoprene-b-styrene-b- ethylene oxide) (ISO) triblock copolymer melts, with molecular weights that place these materials near the order-disorder transition, is reported. Ordered phase morphologies were characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and static birefringence measurements. Interpretation of these results was aided by a modeling technique that facilitates resolution of reciprocal and real-space experimental data, leading to definitive three-dimensional morphological structures. Three distinct multiply continuous network morphologies are identified across a range of compositions between 0.1 ≤ f o ≤ 0.3, situated between two-domain and three-domain lamellae, where f o …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 02, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

White Light Electrophosphorescence From Polyfluorene-Based Light-Emitting Diodes:€‰ Utilization Of Fluorenone Defects†, Xiong Gong

Xiong Gong

Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-fluorenone) with 1% fluorenone, (PFO−F(1%)), was synthesized as a model compound to investigate the optical and electrical effects of fluorenone defects in poly(9,9-dioctylfluoren-2,7-diyl), PFO. Photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) measurements demonstrate that PFO−F(1%) emits stable green light. PL and EL studies indicate that Förster energy transfer to and charge carrier trapping on fluorenone defects (with subsequent fluorenone emission) are responsible for the color degradation typically observed with the polyfluorenes. By utilization of “fluorenone defects” in PFO−fluorenone copolymers (PFO−F), white electrophosphorescent light-emitting diodes were fabricated. Polymer blends were spin-cast from solution containing PFO, PFO−F (1%), and tris[2,5-bis(9,9-dihexylfluoren-2-yl)pyridine-κ2NC3]iridium(III), Ir(HFP)3. The white emission …

Growth Dynamics Of Isotactic Polypropylene Single Crystals During Isothermal Crystallization From A Miscible Polymeric Solvent, Thein Kyu

Thein Kyu

The present article presents a spatiotemporal growth of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) single crystals, melt crystallized from a polymeric solvent, i.e., poly (ethylene octene) copolymer that is known to be miscible with iPP. Optical and atomic force microscopic investigations reveal that the melt grown single crystals of iPP develop in the form of two parallel rows of crystal lamellae, but these crystals merge at the tips. To elucidate the mechanism of these emerging parallel rows of iPP crystals, a phase field model pertaining to solidification phenomena has been employed that involves a nonconserved crystal order parameter and a chain-tilting angle. This …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 03, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Biomolecule-Directed Assembly Of Nanoscale Building Blocks Studied Via Lattice Monte Carlo Simulation, Ting Chen, Monica H. Lamm, Sharon C. Glotzer

Monica H. Lamm

The self-assembly of functionalized inorganic nanoscale building blocks (NBB) was investigated using recognitive biomolecule linkers. The NBBs and linkers were studied using bond fluctuation model and algorithm on a simple cubic lattices. The loops contained in the soluble material to avoid double counting when calculating the fraction of loops. The algorithm was used to calculate additional network properties when volume fractions above the percolation threshold was simulated.

Screening Of Mgo- And Ceo2-Based Catalysts For Carbon Dioxide Oxidative Coupling Of Methane To C2+ Hydrocarbon, Istadi, Nor Aishah Saidina Amin

Istadi

The catalyst screening tests for carbon dioxide oxidative coupling of methane (CO2-OCM) have been investigated over ternary and binary metal oxide catalysts. The catalysts are prepared by doping MgO- and CeO2-based solids with oxides from alkali (Li2O), alkaline earth (CaO), and transition metal groups (WO3 or MnO). The presence of the peroxide (O2_2 ) active sites on the Li2O2, revealed by Raman spectroscopy, may be the key factor in the enhanced performance of some of the Li2O/MgO catalysts. The high reducibility of the CeO2 catalyst, an important factor in the CO2-OCM catalyst activity, may be enhanced by the presence of …

Network Phases In Abc Triblock Copolymers, Thomas H. Epps Iii, Eric W. Cochran, Cordell M. Hardy, Travis S. Bailey, Ryan S. Waletzko, Frank S. Bates

Eric W. Cochran

Many naturally occurring and engineered products are influenced by network structures. Collagen networks provide a scaffold for living tissue, while swollen arrays of physically cross-linked polypeptides constitute gelatin, the familiar dessert and electrophoresis medium. Although the associated mesh sizes differ by several orders of magnitude, these examples share a common feature: three-dimensional connectivity that imparts mechanical rigidity. Intercalating additional interconnected components can yield broader functions, e.g., ionic or electrical conductivity, optical band gaps, and tailored heat and mass transfer.

Shear-Induced Network-To-Network Transition In A Block Copolymer Melt, Eric W. Cochran, Frank S. Bates

Eric W. Cochran

The tricontinuous (10, 3)c shear-induced network-to-network transition in a block copolymer melt was analyzed using small-angle x-ray scattering. Investigations show that field-induced network-to-network phase transition was unprecedented in soft condensed matter. It was found that shear transforms were used for self-assembling the soft material into a single crystal (10, 3)d network. The results show the delicate nature of block copolymers phase behavior, where candidate morphologies were spaced closely together on the free energy surface.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 04, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 05, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Does Active Learning Work? A Review Of The Research, Michael Prince

Michael J. Prince

No abstract provided.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 06, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Hydrotreating Fcc Feedstock On Product Distribution, Rafael Maya-Yescas

Rafael Maya-Yescas

The demand of low-sulfur fuels has been increasing during the last 20 years due to environmental concerns about SOx emissions from processing plants and engines. Due to its high contribution to the gasoline pool, hydrotreating fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) feedstock offers several advantages, such as the increase of conversion and yields of gasoline and liquid-phase gas, meanwhile sulfur content in fuels is diminished. However, there are more important factors to be considered when hydrotreating FCC feedstock. In this work, two FCC feedstocks, typical and hydrotreated, were converted in a microactivity test (MAT) reactor, as described by ASTM D-3907-92, at different …

Translation Of Mat Kinetic Data To Model Industrial Catalytic Cracking Units, Rafael Maya-Yescas, Elizabeth León-Becerril, Daniel Salazar-Sotelo

Rafael Maya-Yescas

Bench and laboratory scale reactors are required to infer kinetic data for catalytic cracking units. One of the most common methods is the microactivity test (MAT, ASTM D-3902-92), that emulates the catalyst-to-oil ratio using a fixed-bed reactor and a semi-batch accumulator of liquids. Translation of data obtained from MAT tests in order to infer kinetic parameter to model continuous industrial units is, consequently, difficult and uncertain. In this work, the extraction of kinetic data obtained in a MAT reactor is analyzed. Estimation of a kinetic rate equation to evaluate instantaneous conversion in MAT reactors is performed. The activation energy obtained …

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 07, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 08, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Consequences Of Block Number On The Order-Disorder Transition And Viscoelastic Properties Of Linear (Ab)N Multiblock Copolymers, Lifeng Wu, Eric W. Cochran, Timothy P. Lodge, Frank S. Bates

Eric W. Cochran

The effect of block number on the order-disorder transition (ODT) and viscoelastic properties were studied for linear (AB) n multiblock copolymers. A series of symmetric poly(styrene-b-isoprene) n multiblocks ((SI) n, n = 1-10) were synthesized by anionic polymerization, and their order-disorder transition temperatures (T ODT) were located using dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. As n increases, T ODT approaches an asymptotic value, consistent with random phase approximation calculations. A systematic difference between the experimental and theoretical results is attributable to the effects of fluctuations, independent of the number of blocks. Addition of up to 20 vol % of a nonselective solvent depresses …

Incorporating Green Engineering Into Process Design, Samuel Morton, R. Counce, J. Collier

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 09, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 10, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Hypothetical Thermodynamic Properties: The Boiling And Critical Temperatures Of Polyethylene And Polytetrafluoroethylene, James S. Chickos

James Chickos

No abstract provided.

Efficient Wastewater Treatment Process For Brine Water, Carl Vavra, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet

Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet

The objective of this project is to develop a simple, economically feasible process for purifying salt water (brine) solutions. It involves choosing the best membrane for optimum performance, while reviewing durability, membrane service life, separation capabilities and costs. Scale-up data are collected to evaluate the commercial feasibility of this technology. The optimization of processing parameters (pressure, flow, temperature and concentration) is reviewed to maximize the performance of the membrane. Cleaning and sanitizing the membrane after use for storage and reuse will also need to be studied.

An Adsorbent Prepared For Fluoride Removal From Water, Rodolfo Trejo-Vázquez, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet

Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet

In this paper, we report the preparation of an adsorbent for fluoride removal from drinking water. This adsorbent was prepared using a thermal treatment of pseudoboehmite agglomerates. Taguchi and Surface Response methodologies were used in order to standardize the adsorbent synthesis and to obtain the best fluoride removal rate of adsorbent. The fluoride removal rate of our adsorbent was higher than those obtained for a commercial alumina and bone charcoal. This adsorbent was also tested and compared using different experimental conditions with fluoride solutions and tap water.