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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons

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Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering

Implantation Of Nanocellulose In The Zebrafish Model, Hanna J. Anderson Dec 2017

Implantation Of Nanocellulose In The Zebrafish Model, Hanna J. Anderson

Honors College

The number of novel materials for use in biomedical implantation is expanding rapidly, increasing the success rates of implant procedures. Nanocellulose is being assessed as a sustainable and biocompatible material, offering an alternative to conventional polymer or metal designs with the appropriate structure for potential tissue integration. In this research, the capacity of cellulose nanofibers to serve as biomedical implants is assessed through examination of immune responses of transgenic zebrafish, utilizing bright field and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Methods for creating microincisions for the implantation of dense cellulose nanofiber shards in the zebrafish model were explored, and a surgical protocol was …


Systolic Orthostatic Hypotension Is Related To Lowered Cognitive Function: Findings From The Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study, Rachael V. Torres, Merrill Elias, Georgina E. Crichton, Gregory A. Dore, Adam Davey Sep 2017

Systolic Orthostatic Hypotension Is Related To Lowered Cognitive Function: Findings From The Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study, Rachael V. Torres, Merrill Elias, Georgina E. Crichton, Gregory A. Dore, Adam Davey

Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Papers

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between orthostatic changes in blood pressure (BP) and cognition, with consideration given to cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle variables. The cross-sectional analysis included 961 community-dwelling participants of the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study, for whom BP clinic measures (five sitting, five recumbent, and five standing) were obtained. Eighteen percent of participants had orthostatic hypotension (fall in systolic BP ≥20 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥10 mm Hg upon standing) and 6% had orthostatic hypertension (rise in systolic BP ≥20 mm Hg). Orthostatic hypotension and hypertension defined using traditional criteria were unrelated …


Nanocellulose Fibers As A Potential Material For Orthopedic Implantation Application, David Gregg Holomakoff Aug 2017

Nanocellulose Fibers As A Potential Material For Orthopedic Implantation Application, David Gregg Holomakoff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The field of biomaterials is of immense importance and will continue to grow and develop in the coming years. Novel materials, as well as new approaches for use of existing materials, are sought after now more than ever. Current metal orthopedic implants have an over engineered stiffness and Young’s modulus, causing a phenomenon called stress shielding. Metal implants absorb the majority of force typically exerted on bone and the osteocytes within. When osteocytes fail to sense mechanical forces bones become less dense and weaken, causing possible fracture and other complications. A new orthopedic material is needed matching Young’s modulus of …


An Automated Device To Increase Screening Throughput Of Zebrafish Larvae, Fuoad Saliou-Sulley Aug 2017

An Automated Device To Increase Screening Throughput Of Zebrafish Larvae, Fuoad Saliou-Sulley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of the zebrafish as an animal model alternative to mammalian species has spawned research advancements in several medical fields. Since the zebrafish shares a high degree of sequence and functional homology with mammals, studies using this organism can provide in-depth insight into host response to disease and provide a platform for testing a range of treatment options. The optical transparency of zebrafish at early stages of development permits easy assessment of the effects of treatments, occurrence of tumors and other abnormal growth, disease progression, and immune response, to name only a few. These characteristics make it ideal for …


Stabilization Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles For Homogenous Integration Into Cellulose Nano Fibrils, Banton H. Heithoff May 2017

Stabilization Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles For Homogenous Integration Into Cellulose Nano Fibrils, Banton H. Heithoff

Honors College

Cellulose nanofibrils is one of the future potential giants in the medical implant industry. Its unique properties make it the ideal material for use in both permanent prosthetic devices and non- permanent implants such as screws and plates. To increase the usability of this material, the addition of super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles is needed to gain MRI and X-Ray visibility. The methodology for how to homogeneously integrate these particles into the system using the addition of coating agents is explored. This research demonstrates that the addition of coating agents to the iron oxide nanoparticles can affect both the pH …


Host Range Of Mycobacteriophage And Exploring Lysogenic Relationships Between Mycobacteriophage And Their Hosts, Emily Illingworth May 2017

Host Range Of Mycobacteriophage And Exploring Lysogenic Relationships Between Mycobacteriophage And Their Hosts, Emily Illingworth

Honors College

Mycobacteriophage (phage) are abundant viruses that infect bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium. Pathogenic species of Mycobacterium carry prophage that are hypothesized to contribute to virulence. The term “prophage” describes a dormant phage during lysogeny, which occurs when a phage genome integrates itself into the host genome. Understanding the interactions between bacterial host and prophage may improve our ability to treat disease caused by bacteria. Phage are highly diverse and are sorted into clusters based on genome sequence similarity. To determine which phage infect and form lysogens in mycobacterial fish pathogens, we applied viral dosages of phage representative of clusters A–X …


Development Of Spectroscopic Methods For Dynamic Cellular Level Study Of Biochemical Kinetics And Disease Progression, Anna M. Sitarski Mar 2017

Development Of Spectroscopic Methods For Dynamic Cellular Level Study Of Biochemical Kinetics And Disease Progression, Anna M. Sitarski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One of the current fundamental objectives in biomedical research is understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms of disease progression. Recent work in genetics support the stochastic nature of disease progression on the single cell level. For example, recent work has demonstrated that cancer as a disease state is reached after the accumulation of damages that result in genetic errors. Other diseases like Huntingtons, Parkinsons, Alzheimers, cardiovascular disease are developed over time and their cellular mechanisms of disease transition are largely unknown. Modern techniques of disease characterization are perturbative, invasive and fully destructive to biological samples. Many methods need a probe or …