Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Effects Of Non-Equilibrium Plasma On Eukaryotic Cells (Final Report: Grant Fa9550-06-1-0004), Mounir Laroussi, Fred C. Dobbs, Old Dominion University

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This document is our final report describing the research activities carried out under AFOSR Grant FA9550-06-1-0004. First, descriptions of our cold plasma generation systems are presented. Two systems, developed with past and present AFOSR support, are available in our laboratory. The first is a pulsed device capable of emitting a cold plasma plume in room air. The second is an air plasma generator the core of which is a dielectric barrier discharge excited by a high AC voltage. Following these brief descriptions we first present the effects of an atmospheric pressure air plasma on four different types of eukaryotic microalgae. …

Prostate Cancer Biomarker Identification: A Comparative Study, Wenjuan Jiang

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

With the current development of proteomics techniques, the discovery of potential molecular biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer has been greatly improved. In this thesis, we implemented five classifiers including the support vector machine (SVM), Bayesian Classifier, Decision Tree, Random Forest and the Multilayer perceptron (MLP) to test their effectiveness in prostate cancer biomarker identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) tissue imaging data. The classifiers were utilized to discriminate cancer mass spectra from normal ones for the data collected at the Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS). There are 94 7 spectra from normal tissues and 27 from …

Automatic Diagnosis For Prostate Cancer Using Run-Length Matrix Method, Xiaoyan Sun, Shao-Hui Chuang, Jiang Li, Frederic Mckenzie, Nico Karssemeijer (Ed.), Maryellen L. Giger (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among men in US¹. Quantitative assessment of prostate histology provides potential automatic classification of prostate lesions and prediction of response to therapy. Traditionally, prostate cancer diagnosis is made by the analysis of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and histopathological images of biopsy samples under microscopes. In this application, we utilize a texture analysis method based on the run-length matrix for identifying tissue abnormalities in prostate histology. A tissue sample was collected from a radical prostatectomy, H&E fixed, and assessed by a pathologist …

Cold Plasma Technology: Bactericidal Effects On Geobacillus Stearothermophilus And Bacillus Cereus Microorganisms, Angela D. Morris, Gayle B. Mccombs, Tamer Akan, Wayne L. Hynes, Mounir Laroussi, Susan L. Tolle

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Introduction: Cold plasma, also known as Low Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (LTAPP) is a novel technology consisting of neutral and charged particles, including free radicals, which can be used to destroy or inactivate microorganisms. Research has been conducted regarding the effect of cold plasma on gram-positive bacteria; however, there is limited research regarding its ability to inactivate the spore-formers Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus cereus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if cold plasma inactivates G. stearothermophilus and B. cereus vegetative cells and spores.

Methods: Nine hundred eighty-one samples were included in this study (762 experimental and …

A New Pulsed Electric Field Therapy For Melanoma Disrupts The Tumor's Blood Supply And Causes Complete Remission Without Recurrence, Richard Nuccitelli, Xinhua Chen, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Wallace H. Baldwin, Saleh Sheikh, Jennifer L. Pomicter, Wei Ren, Chris Osgood, R. James Swanson, Juergen F. Kolb, Stephen J. Beebe, Karl H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

We have discovered a new, ultrafast therapy for treating skin cancer that is extremely effective with a total electric field exposure time of only 180 mu sec. The application of 300 high-voltage (40 kV/cm), ultrashort (300 nsec) electrical pulses to murine melanomas in vivo triggers both necrosis and apoptosis, resulting in complete tumor remission within an average of 47 days in the 17 animals treated. None of these melanomas recurred during a 4-month period after the initial melanoma had disappeared. These pulses generate small, long-lasting, rectifying nanopores in the plasma membrane of exposed cells, resulting in increased membrane permeability to …

Optimizing Computer-Aided Colonic Polyp Detection For Ct Colonography By Evolving The Pareto Front, Jiang Li, Adam Huang, Jack Tao, Jiamin Liu, Robert L. Van Uitert, Nicholas Petrick, Ronald Summers

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A multiobjective genetic algorithm is designed to optimize a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for identifying colonic polyps. Colonic polyps appear as elliptical protrusions on the inner surface of the colon. Curvature-based features for colonic polyp detection have proved to be successful in several CT colonography (CTC) CAD systems. Our CTC CAD program uses a sequential classifier to form initial polyp detections on the colon surface. The classifier utilizes a set of thresholds on curvature-based features to cluster suspicious colon surface regions into polyp candidates. The thresholds were previously chosen experimentally by using feature histograms. The chosen thresholds were effective for …

Parameter Optimization For Image Denoising Based On Block Matching And 3d Collaborative Filtering, Ramu Pedada, Emin Kugu, Jiang Li, Zhanfeng Yue, Yuzhong Shen, Josien P.W. Pluim (Ed.), Benoit M. Dawant (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Clinical MRI images are generally corrupted by random noise during acquisition with blurred subtle structure features. Many denoising methods have been proposed to remove noise from corrupted images at the expense of distorted structure features. Therefore, there is always compromise between removing noise and preserving structure information for denoising methods. For a specific denoising method, it is crucial to tune it so that the best tradeoff can be obtained. In this paper, we define several cost functions to assess the quality of noise removal and that of structure information preserved in the denoised image. Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) …

Regulation Of Intracellular Calcium Concentration By Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields, Shaka S. Scarlett, Jody A. White, Peter F. Blackmore, Karl H. Schoenbach, Juergen Kolb

Bioelectrics Publications

Changes in [Ca²⁺]_i response of individual Jurkat cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) of 60 ns and field strengths of 25, 50, and 100 kV/cm were investigated. The magnitude of the nsPEF-induced rise in [Ca²⁺]_i was dependent on the electric field strength. With 25 and 50 kV/cm, the [Ca²⁺]_i response was due to the release of Ca²⁺ from intracellular stores and occurred in less than 18 ms. With 100 kV/cm, the increase in [Ca²⁺]_i was due to both internal release and to influx across the plasma …

Biomedical Technology: Supporting Movement, Petros Katsioloudis

STEMPS Faculty Publications

According to the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, an estimated 8.5 million children 21 years and younger have a disability (Jans & Stoddard, 1999). After about a decade, with the development of new and sophisticated materials (aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and carbon fibers) and the integration of electronics, it was then possible to significantly improve the performance of prostheses, built with the so-called endo skeletal (or skeletal-modular) method (Mora, Beratni & Pedrotti, 2006).