Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Automatic Cardiac Mri Image Segmentation And Mesh Generation, Ziyuan Li

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Segmenting and reconstructing cardiac anatomical structures from magnetic resonance (MR) images is essential for the quantitative measurement and automatic diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases [1]. However, manual evaluation of the time-series cardiac MRI (CMRI) obtained during routine clinical care are laborious, inefficient, and tends to produce biased and non-reproducible results [2]. This thesis proposes an end-to-end pipeline for automatically segmenting short-axis (SAX) CMRI images and generating high-quality 2D and 3D meshes suitable for finite element analysis. The main advantage of our approach is that it can not only work as a stand-alone pipeline for the automatic CMR image segmentation and mesh …

Mixed-Reality Visualization Environments To Facilitate Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access, Leah Groves

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Ultrasound-guided needle insertions at the site of the internal jugular vein (IJV) are routinely performed to access the central venous system. Ultrasound-guided insertions maintain high rates of carotid artery puncture, as clinicians rely on 2D information to perform a 3D procedure. The limitations of 2D ultrasound-guidance motivated the research question: “Do 3D ultrasound-based environments improve IJV needle insertion accuracy”. We addressed this by developing advanced surgical navigation systems based on tracked surgical tools and ultrasound with various visualizations. The point-to-line ultrasound calibration enables the use of tracked ultrasound. We automated the fiducial localization required for this calibration method such that …

A Novel Approach To Mid-Foot Reconstruction Surgery In Patients With Charcot Arthropathy, Jessi Martin, Deborah Falokun

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This honors project details the design and development of an internal orthopedic implant that surgically corrects the midfoot fracture and subsequent arch collapse in patients with Charcot arthropathy. The client of the project is Dr. David Kay, an orthopedic surgeon with the Crystal Clinic in Akron, Ohio. He presented a problem surrounding surgical implants meant to repair Charcot arthropathy. Implants that repair the midfoot fracture failed at a rate of about 60%. A team of senior biomedical engineering students attending the University of Akron developed a goal to design a new surgical implant that would reduce the failure rate of …

Reconstruction Algorithms For Novel Joint Imaging Techniques In Pet, Homayoon Ranjbar

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an important functional in vivo imaging modality with many clinical applications. Its enormously wide range of applications has made both research and industry combine it with other imaging modalities such as X-ray computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The general purpose of this work is to study two cases in PET where the goal is to perform image reconstruction jointly on two data types.

The first case is the Beta-Gamma image reconstruction. Positron emitting isotopes, such as ¹¹C, ¹³N, and ¹⁸F, can be used to label molecules, and tracers, such …

Development Of An Active Finger Motion Simulator: With In-Vitro Assessments Of Tendon Loads And Joint Kinematics, Mohammad Haddara

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Musculoskeletal injuries of the finger far outnumber those of other joints, and while in-vitro motion simulators are useful for studying joint biomechanics and evaluating surgical repairs, considerably less simulator development has been reported for the finger compared to other joints. Replication of active musculoskeletal movement during in-vitro testing has been shown to be more representative of in-vivo motion patterns, and closed-loop motion controllers are the current state-of-the-art for in-vitro kinematics studies. However, an in-vitro motion simulator with closed-loop tendon load control and simultaneous tendon excursion control has not yet been reported for the finger. This thesis outlines the design and …

Left Ventricle Volume Reconstruction To Minimize Scanning Time: Slice-Fitting Method, Prateek Kalra

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Assessment of left ventricle volume is usually done for diagnosis and prognosis of heart diseases. Slice-summation method is a standard method used to compute left ventricle volume where region of interest from several short axis (SA) slices are added. There are some limitations to this method, however. It requires short-axis slices to be taken parallel to the mitral valve plane from the base to apex. Moreover, scanning several short-axis slices is a tedious and time consuming process especially for studies that require several hundreds datasets. There are some existing methods to reconstruct left ventricle volume but most of them depend …

A Novel Imaging System For Automatic Real-Time 3d Patient-Specific Knee Model Reconstruction Using Ultrasound Rf Data, Rimon Adel Messiha Tadross

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation introduces a novel imaging method and system for automatic real-time 3D patient-specific knee model reconstruction using ultrasound RF data. The developed method uses ultrasound to transcutaneously digitize a point cloud representing the bone’s surface. This point cloud is then used to reconstruct 3D bone model using deformable models method.

In this work, three systems were developed for 3D knee bone model reconstruction using ultrasound RF data. The first system uses tracked single-element ultrasound transducer, and was experimented on 12 knee phantoms. An average reconstruction accuracy of 0.98 mm was obtained. The second system was developed using an ultrasound …

Graphical User Interface (Gui) To Study Different Reconstruction Algorithms In Computed Tomography, Shital K. Abhange

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Computed tomography (CT) imaging relies on computational algorithms to reconstruct images from projections gathered from the CT scan. Depending on the scanner geometry, different types of reconstruction algorithms can be used. To study these different types of reconstruction algorithms in a user-friendly way, a software tool was built. The aim of the thesis was to provide a software platform to access a number of previously implemented reconstruction algorithms with ease and minimal knowledge of the reconstruction code. The goal was accomplished by building a Graphical User Interface (GUI) using MATLAB 7.7.0 (R2008b). In addition to creating mathematical objects and invoking …