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Articles 31 - 60 of 278
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Antiviral Polymers: A Review, Ali Akbari, Ashkan Bigham, Vahid Rahimkhoei, Sina Sharifi, Esmaiel Jabbari
Antiviral Polymers: A Review, Ali Akbari, Ashkan Bigham, Vahid Rahimkhoei, Sina Sharifi, Esmaiel Jabbari
Faculty Publications
Polymers, due to their high molecular weight, tunable architecture, functionality, and buffering effect for endosomal escape, possess unique properties as a carrier or prophylactic agent in preventing pandemic outbreak of new viruses. Polymers are used as a carrier to reduce the minimum required dose, bioavailability, and therapeutic effectiveness of antiviral agents. Polymers are also used as multifunctional nanomaterials to, directly or indirectly, inhibit viral infections. Multifunctional polymers can interact directly with envelope glycoproteins on the viral surface to block fusion and entry of the virus in the host cell. Polymers can indirectly mobilize the immune system by activating macrophages and …
Studying Dispersed Phase Holdup In A Pilot Plant Agitated Liquid–Liquid Mixer By Developing Online Expanded Laser Beam Based Technique, Kifah H. Abid, Jihane Mendil, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Studying Dispersed Phase Holdup In A Pilot Plant Agitated Liquid–Liquid Mixer By Developing Online Expanded Laser Beam Based Technique, Kifah H. Abid, Jihane Mendil, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Expanded Laser Transmission Technique (E-LTT), where a laser beam is used in conjunction with a beam expander large enough to cover the average drop size up to a few millimeters in the path of the laser in a liquid–liquid dispersion mixture, has been applied for online continuous measurement and investigation in a non-invasive manner of the drop phase volume fraction in an agitated flow mixer of a pilot plant scale. The limitations of beam scattering by the drops through the dispersion path were overcome by having liquids of matching refractive indices enabled by the temperature control system. This study reports …
Modelling And Validation Of A Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Advanced Measurement Techniques, Sebastián Uribe, Haidar Taofeeq, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Modelling And Validation Of A Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Advanced Measurement Techniques, Sebastián Uribe, Haidar Taofeeq, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
With a Euler-two-phase (E2P) approach, through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques, a mathematical model for the prediction of the local hydrodynamic behavior of a gas-solid fluidized bed was implemented. Simulations are conducted for a fluidized bed of 0.14 m internal diameter packed with Gerdart B glass beads particles, with an average diameter of 365 μm, at dimensionless inlet velocities ranging from (Formula presented.). The implemented model considers the multiphase and multiscale interactions through the inclusion of three sub-models, which allows the model to have a broad range of applicability. Predictions were compared against experimental measurements reported on previous contributions for …
Integrated Direct Air Capture And Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of Propane With Co2 At Isothermal Conditions, Shane Lawson, Khaled Baamran, Kyle Newport, Turki Alghamadi, Gary Jacobs, Fateme Rezaei, Ali A. Rownaghi
Integrated Direct Air Capture And Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of Propane With Co2 At Isothermal Conditions, Shane Lawson, Khaled Baamran, Kyle Newport, Turki Alghamadi, Gary Jacobs, Fateme Rezaei, Ali A. Rownaghi
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Developing routes of utilizing CO2 emissions is important for long-term environmental preservation, as storing such emissions underground will eventually become unsustainable. One way of utilizing CO2 emissions is as a light-oxidant feedstock for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP) to propylene. However, the adsorption and reaction steps typically occur at widely different temperatures, meaning that the thermal gradients – and by extension process energy requirements – are often unreasonably high. In recent years, dual-functional materials (DFMs) – i.e., materials comprised of a high temperature adsorbent phase alongside a heterogeneous catalyst – have been employed for combined CO2 adsorption …
Protocol To Engineer Nanofilms Embedded Lipid Nanoparticles For Controlled And Targeted Drug Delivery (Nectar), Rashi Porwal, Stephen L. Hayward, Srivatsan Kidambi
Protocol To Engineer Nanofilms Embedded Lipid Nanoparticles For Controlled And Targeted Drug Delivery (Nectar), Rashi Porwal, Stephen L. Hayward, Srivatsan Kidambi
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
We present a protocol to engineer a substrate-mediated delivery platform comprising hyaluronic acid-coated lipid nanoparticles (HALNPs) embedded into polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films. This platform allows controlled spatiotemporal release of lipid nanoparticles (LNP) by embedding them within the polyelectrolyte multilayer films matrix. HALNP conjugate with antibodies also adds the ability for targeted delivery. The use of LNP enables this platform to encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. This platform can easily be reproduced and utilized for various biomedical drug delivery applications. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Hayward et al. (2015, 2016a, 2016b), …
Modeling Of Temperature Swing Adsorption-Oxidation Of Volatile Organic Compounds, Busuyi O. Adebayo, Fateme Rezaei
Modeling Of Temperature Swing Adsorption-Oxidation Of Volatile Organic Compounds, Busuyi O. Adebayo, Fateme Rezaei
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this work, we simulated a single-bed 4-step temperature swing adsorption-oxidation (TSAO) process for capture and in situ oxidation of benzene, as a model VOC, over Ni/ZrO2-SiO2, as a dual-function material (DFM). The TSAO cycles consisted of adsorption, preheating, desorption/oxidation, and cooling steps. The model sensitive parameters were estimated via parameter estimation and validated against experimental data. Extensive parametric analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of key process variables on the TSAO performance. Model results revealed relatively good prediction of the process. Under the conditions investigated, adsorption, oxidation and total removal efficiencies were estimated …
Formulation And Processing Of Dual Functional Adsorbent/Catalyst Structured Monoliths Using An Additively Manufactured Contactor For Direct Capture/Conversion Of Co2 With Cogeneration Of Ethylene, Shane Lawson, Khaled Baamran, Kyle Newport, Fateme Rezaei, Ali A. Rownaghi
Formulation And Processing Of Dual Functional Adsorbent/Catalyst Structured Monoliths Using An Additively Manufactured Contactor For Direct Capture/Conversion Of Co2 With Cogeneration Of Ethylene, Shane Lawson, Khaled Baamran, Kyle Newport, Fateme Rezaei, Ali A. Rownaghi
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Utilizing CO2 as a mild oxidant for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE) is an attractive way of recycling this greenhouse contaminant. Typically, CO2 capture and conversion processes are performed in separate beds, however, combining these processes into one bed incurs advantages of lower thermal gradient and reduced energy costs. This study formulated the first generation of structured dual-functional materials (DFMs) by directly 3D printing metal-oxide-CaO/ZSM-5 inks into monolithic contactors. Specifically, we 3D-printed monoliths with V, Ga, Ni, or Ti dopants to perform metal screening and determine which metal generates the best structured DFM for combined CO2 capture …
Decellularized Articular Cartilage Microgels As Microcarriers For Expansion Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Esmaiel Jabbari, Azadeh Sepahvandi
Decellularized Articular Cartilage Microgels As Microcarriers For Expansion Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Esmaiel Jabbari, Azadeh Sepahvandi
Faculty Publications
Conventional microcarriers used for expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) require detachment and separation of the cells from the carrier prior to use in clinical applications for regeneration of articular cartilage, and the carrier can cause undesirable phenotypic changes in the expanded cells. This work describes a novel approach to expand hMSCs on biomimetic carriers based on adult or fetal decellularized bovine articular cartilage that supports tissue regeneration without the need to detach the expanded cells from the carrier. In this approach, the fetal or adult bovine articular cartilage was minced, decellularized, freeze-dried, ground, and sieved to produce articular …
A Detailed Hydrodynamic Study Of The Split-Plate Airlift Reactor By Using Non-Invasive Gamma-Ray Techniques, Laith S. Sabri, Abbas J. Sultan, Hasan Shakir Majdi, Shadha K. Jebur, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
A Detailed Hydrodynamic Study Of The Split-Plate Airlift Reactor By Using Non-Invasive Gamma-Ray Techniques, Laith S. Sabri, Abbas J. Sultan, Hasan Shakir Majdi, Shadha K. Jebur, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study focused on detailed investigations of selected local hydrodynamics in split airlift reactor by using an unconventional measurements facility: computed tomography (CT) and radioactive particle tracking (RPT). The local distribution in a cross-sectional manner with its radial's profiles for gas holdup, liquid velocity flow field, shear stresses, and turbulent kinetic energy were studied under various gas velocity 1, 2 and 3 cm/s with various six axial level z = 12, 20, 40, 60, 90 and 112 cm. The distribution in gas–liquid phases in the whole split reactor column, the riser and downcomer sides, including their behavior at the top …
Tracking The Heavy Metal Contaminants Entrained With The Flow Into A Trickle Bed Hydrotreating Reactor Packed With Different Catalyst Shapes Using Newly Developed Noninvasive Dynamic Radioactive Particle Tracking, Binbin Qi, Omar Farid, Alexandre França Velo, Jihane Mendil, Sebastián Uribe, Yasunobu Kaneko, Kei Sakakura, Yasuhito Kagota, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Tracking The Heavy Metal Contaminants Entrained With The Flow Into A Trickle Bed Hydrotreating Reactor Packed With Different Catalyst Shapes Using Newly Developed Noninvasive Dynamic Radioactive Particle Tracking, Binbin Qi, Omar Farid, Alexandre França Velo, Jihane Mendil, Sebastián Uribe, Yasunobu Kaneko, Kei Sakakura, Yasuhito Kagota, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A newly developed modified Dynamic Radioactive Particle Tracking system (DRPT) was used to investigate the heavy metal contaminants deposition locations in different catalyst beds, sphere, cylinder, trilobe, and quadrilobed in Trickle Bed Reactors. In the present paper, Kernel Density Estimator (KDE) was used to estimate the probability density distributions of heavy metal contaminants depositions in terms of bed radius height. The result shows that the four cases have similar probability density distribution in terms of radius, while the spherical catalyst has the larger distribution range in terms of bed height. The heavy metal deposition is directly related to the pressure …
Geant4 Simulation For Radioactive Particle Tracking (Rpt) Technique, Ahmed A. Alghamdi, Thaar M. Aljuwaya, Abdullah S. Alomari, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Geant4 Simulation For Radioactive Particle Tracking (Rpt) Technique, Ahmed A. Alghamdi, Thaar M. Aljuwaya, Abdullah S. Alomari, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In the past two decades, the radioactive particle tracking (RPT) measurement technique has been proven to visualize flow fields of most multiphase flow systems of industrial interest. The accuracy of RPT, and hence the data obtained, depend largely on the calibration process, which stands here as a basis for two subsequent processes: tracking and reconstruction. However, limitations in the RPT calibration process can be found in different experimental constrains and in assumptions made in the classical Monte Carlo approach used to simulate number of counts received by the detectors. Therefore, in this work, we applied a GEANT4-based Monte Carlo code …
Flow Regimes In Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds Via Micro-Foil Heat Flux Sensor, Haidar Taofeeq, Sebastián Uribe, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Flow Regimes In Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds Via Micro-Foil Heat Flux Sensor, Haidar Taofeeq, Sebastián Uribe, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The flow regime transitions in a gas-solid fluidized bed were studied for the first time using a micro-foil heat flux sensor. The time series of heat flux signals was analyzed by statistical and state space methods. The experimental measurements were performed in a lab-scale gas-solid fluidization column. Four different flow regimes, i.e., fixed-bed flow regime, bubbling-flow regime, slugging-flow regime, and turbulent-flow regime, and three intermediate transition velocities, i.e., minimum fluidizing velocity or minimum bubbling velocity, minimum slugging velocity, and minimum turbulent velocity, were successfully identified. The method based on the analysis of heat flux sensor measurements allowed to determine accurately …
Alf3-Al2o3 Ald Thin-Film-Coated Li1.2mn0.54co0.13ni0.13o2 Particles For Lithium-Ion Batteries: Long-Term Protection, Han Yu, Xiaoqing He, Xinhua Liang
Alf3-Al2o3 Ald Thin-Film-Coated Li1.2mn0.54co0.13ni0.13o2 Particles For Lithium-Ion Batteries: Long-Term Protection, Han Yu, Xiaoqing He, Xinhua Liang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Improving the performance of existing cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) through surface modification has been proven to be an effective way to improve the performance of LIBs. However, it is a challenge to use a traditional method to prepare an effective coating film, which meets the requirements of uniformity, continuity, electrochemical stability, and strong mechanical properties. In this study, an ultrathin AlF3-Al2O3 film was coated on the surface of Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 (LRNMC) particles by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in a fluidized bed reactor. A cathode electrolyte …
Stabilizing The Interface Of All-Solid-State Electrolytes Against Cathode Electrodes By Atomic Layer Deposition, Ye Jin, Han Yu, Xiaoqing He, Xinhua Liang
Stabilizing The Interface Of All-Solid-State Electrolytes Against Cathode Electrodes By Atomic Layer Deposition, Ye Jin, Han Yu, Xiaoqing He, Xinhua Liang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In recent years, with the severe safety problems of organic electrolytes, all-solid-state electrolytes (ASSEs) have been considered as an appealing choice to replace organic electrolytes due to their high reliability and safety. However, the uncontrolled interfacial chemical reactions between electrodes and ASSEs would lead to high interfacial resistance, which is detrimental for the battery performance. In this work, LiFePO4 (LFP) particles were coated with ultra-thin ZrO2 films by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and the effects of thin film coating on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries using the NASICON-type Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4) …
Combined Ibuprofen And Curcumin Delivery Using Mg-Mof-74 As A Single Nanocarrier, Shane Lawson, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme Rezaei
Combined Ibuprofen And Curcumin Delivery Using Mg-Mof-74 As A Single Nanocarrier, Shane Lawson, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme Rezaei
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively used as drug delivery platforms because of their considerable textural properties and physiochemical tunability. However, most medicinal treatments often administer multiple therapeutic pharmaceuticals simultaneously and combined drug delivery over a single MOF carrier has not been extensively developed. As such, in this study we implemented Mg-MOF-74, which is known to have rapid pharmacokinetic properties, for the combined delivery of ibuprofen and curcumin to demonstrate the proof-of-concept for dual-drug delivery over this previously unexplored MOF. To this end, 30 wt % total drug loading of two drugs was impregnated at various ratios (25:5 ibuprofen-curcumin, 20:5 …
Contact‐Free Remote Manipulation Of Hydrogel Properties Using Light‐Triggerable Nanoparticles: A Materials Science Perspective For Biomedical Applications, Cho-E Choi, Aishik Chakraborty, Ali Coyle, Yasmeen Shamiya, Arghya Paul
Contact‐Free Remote Manipulation Of Hydrogel Properties Using Light‐Triggerable Nanoparticles: A Materials Science Perspective For Biomedical Applications, Cho-E Choi, Aishik Chakraborty, Ali Coyle, Yasmeen Shamiya, Arghya Paul
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Publications
Considerable progress has been made in synthesizing “intelligent”, biodegradable hydrogels that undergo rapid changes in physicochemical properties once exposed to external stimuli. These advantageous properties of stimulus-triggered materials make them highly appealing to diverse biomedical applications. Of late, research on the incorporation of light-triggered nanoparticles (NPs) into polymeric hydrogel networks has gained momentum due to their ability to remotely tune hydrogel properties using facile, contact-free approaches, such as adjustment of wavelength and intensity of light source. These multi-functional NPs, in combination with tissue-mimicking hydrogels, are increasingly being used for on-demand drug release, preparing diagnostic kits, and fabricating smart scaffolds. Here, …
Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiomyocyte death, provokes innate immune response, and initiates tissue remodeling. The intrinsic healing process is insufficient to replace the lost cells, or regenerate and restore the functional features of the native myocardium. Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation is being explored to offer therapeutic potential after MI. Here, we cultured human BM-MSC spheroids in three-dimensional collagenous gels for 28 days under exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (+ TNFα), and coculture with adult human cardiomyocytes, or with conditioned media (CM) pooled from TNFα-stimulated adult cardiomyocytes. MSC differentiation marker (CD90, GATA4, cTnI, cTnT, Cx43, MHC, α-actin) …
Leveraging The Advancements In Functional Biomaterials And Scaffold Fabrication Technologies For Chronic Wound Healing Applications, Alap A. Zahid, Aishik Chakraborty, Yasmeen Shamiya, Shruthi Polla Ravi, Arghya Paul
Leveraging The Advancements In Functional Biomaterials And Scaffold Fabrication Technologies For Chronic Wound Healing Applications, Alap A. Zahid, Aishik Chakraborty, Yasmeen Shamiya, Shruthi Polla Ravi, Arghya Paul
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Publications
Exploring new avenues for clinical management of chronic wounds holds the key to eliminating socioeconomic burdens and health-related concerns associated with this silent killer. Engineered biomaterials offer great promise for repair and regeneration of chronic wounds because of their ability to deliver therapeutics, protect the wound environment, and support the skin matrices to facilitate tissue growth. This mini review presents recent advances in biomaterial functionalities for enhancing wound healing and demonstrates a move from sub-optimal methods to multi-functionalized treatment approaches. In this context, we discuss the recently reported biomaterial characteristics such as bioadhesiveness, antimicrobial properties, proangiogenic attributes, and anti-inflammatory properties …
Type-B Energetic Processes And Their Associated Scientific Implications, James Weifu Lee
Type-B Energetic Processes And Their Associated Scientific Implications, James Weifu Lee
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Recently, our work has identified two thermodynamically distinct types (A and B) of energetic processes naturally occurring on Earth. Type-A energy processes such as the classical heat engines, ATP hydrolysis, and many of the known chemical, electrical, and mechanical processes apparently follow well the second law of thermodynamics; Type-B energy processes, for example, the newly discovered thermotropic function that isothermally utilizes environmental heat energy to do useful work in driving ATP synthesis, follow the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of mass and energy) but do not have to be constrained by the second law, owing to its special asymmetric functions. …
Substrate Delivery Of Embedded Liposomes, Srivatsan Kidambi, Stephen L. Hayward
Substrate Delivery Of Embedded Liposomes, Srivatsan Kidambi, Stephen L. Hayward
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
This invention relates to compositions useful for localized and sustained release of therapeutic agents, and more particularly to functionalized liposomes embedded in a poly electrolyte multilayer. Methods of preparing the compositions, methods of treating diseases, devices, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compositions are also provided.
Investigation Of Human Adipose-Derived Stem-Cell Behavior Using A Cell-Instructive Polydopamine-Coated Gelatin-Alginate Hydrogel., Settimio Pacelli, Aparna R Chakravarti, Saman Modaresi, Siddharth Subham, Kyley Burkey, Cecilia Kurlbaum, Madeline Fang, Christopher A Neal, Adam J Mellott, Aishik Chakraborty, Arghya Paul
Investigation Of Human Adipose-Derived Stem-Cell Behavior Using A Cell-Instructive Polydopamine-Coated Gelatin-Alginate Hydrogel., Settimio Pacelli, Aparna R Chakravarti, Saman Modaresi, Siddharth Subham, Kyley Burkey, Cecilia Kurlbaum, Madeline Fang, Christopher A Neal, Adam J Mellott, Aishik Chakraborty, Arghya Paul
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Publications
Hydrogels can be fabricated and designed to exert direct control over stem cells' adhesion and differentiation. In this study, we have investigated the use of polydopamine (pDA)-treatment as a binding platform for bioactive compounds to create a versatile gelatin-alginate (Gel-Alg) hydrogel for tissue engineering applications. Precisely, pDA was used to modify the surface properties of the hydrogel and better control the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). pDA enabled the adsorption of different types of bioactive molecules, including a model osteoinductive drug (dexamethasone) as well as a model pro-angiogenic peptide (QK). The pDA treatment efficiently retained …
Antibody-Drug Nanoparticle Induces Synergistic Treatment Efficacies In Her2 Positive Breast Cancer Cells, Muhammad Raisul Abedin, Kaitlyne Powers, Rachel Aiardo, Dibbya Barua, Sutapa Barua
Antibody-Drug Nanoparticle Induces Synergistic Treatment Efficacies In Her2 Positive Breast Cancer Cells, Muhammad Raisul Abedin, Kaitlyne Powers, Rachel Aiardo, Dibbya Barua, Sutapa Barua
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Chemotherapeutic drugs suffer from non-specific binding, undesired toxicity, and poor blood circulation which contribute to poor therapeutic efficacy. In this study, antibody–drug nanoparticles (ADNs) are engineered by synthesizing pure anti-cancer drug nanorods (NRs) in the core of nanoparticles with a therapeutic monoclonal antibody, Trastuzumab on the surface of NRs for specific targeting and synergistic treatments of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer cells. ADNs were designed by first synthesizing ~ 95 nm diameter × ~ 500 nm long paclitaxel (PTX) NRs using the nanoprecipitation method. The surface of PTXNRs was functionalized at 2′ OH nucleophilic site …
A Spatial Model Of Hepatic Calcium Signaling And Glucose Metabolism Under Autonomic Control Reveals Functional Consequences Of Varying Liver Innervation Patterns Across Species, Aalap Verma, Alexandra Manchel, Rahul Narayanan, Jan B. Hoek, Babatunde A Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
A Spatial Model Of Hepatic Calcium Signaling And Glucose Metabolism Under Autonomic Control Reveals Functional Consequences Of Varying Liver Innervation Patterns Across Species, Aalap Verma, Alexandra Manchel, Rahul Narayanan, Jan B. Hoek, Babatunde A Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Rapid breakdown of hepatic glycogen stores into glucose plays an important role during intense physical exercise to maintain systemic euglycemia. Hepatic glycogenolysis is governed by several different liver-intrinsic and systemic factors such as hepatic zonation, circulating catecholamines, hepatocellular calcium signaling, hepatic neuroanatomy, and the central nervous system (CNS). Of the factors regulating hepatic glycogenolysis, the extent of lobular innervation varies significantly between humans and rodents. While rodents display very few autonomic nerve terminals in the liver, nearly every hepatic layer in the human liver receives neural input. In the present study, we developed a multi-scale, multi-organ model of hepatic metabolism …
Expedited Pcr With Stirring, Hendrik Viljoen
Expedited Pcr With Stirring, Hendrik Viljoen
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
Disclosed are an apparatus and methods for rapid amplification of nucleic acids. More particularly, the present dis closure relates to an apparatus for mixing a reaction solution during amplification of nucleic acids and to methods for amplifying nucleic acids. Also disclosed are methods for lysing cells in a sample and amplifying nucleic acids.
Metasurface Cloaks To Decouple Closely Spaced Printed Dipole Antenna Arrays Fed By A Microstrip-To-Balanced Transmission-Line Transition, Doojin Lee, Alexander B. Yakovlev
Metasurface Cloaks To Decouple Closely Spaced Printed Dipole Antenna Arrays Fed By A Microstrip-To-Balanced Transmission-Line Transition, Doojin Lee, Alexander B. Yakovlev
Faculty and Student Publications
In this work, we present a numerical study of 1D and 2D closely spaced antenna arrays of microstrip dipole antennas covered by a metasurface in order to properly cloak and decouple the antenna arrays operating at neighboring frequencies. We show that the two strongly coupled arrays fed by a microstrip-to-balanced transmission-line transition are effectively decoupled in 1D and 2D array scenarios by covering the dipole antenna elements with an elliptically shaped metasurface. The metasurface comprises sub-wavelength periodic metallic strips printed on an elliptically shaped dielectric cover around the dipole antennas and integrated with the substrate. We present a practical design …
Comparative Evaluation Of Two Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: An In Vivo Pilot Study Using A Sheep Model, Leyla Hasandoost, Daniella Marx, Paul Zalzal, Oleg Safir, Mark Hurtig, Cina Mehrvar, Stephen D. Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Comparative Evaluation Of Two Glass Polyalkenoate Cements: An In Vivo Pilot Study Using A Sheep Model, Leyla Hasandoost, Daniella Marx, Paul Zalzal, Oleg Safir, Mark Hurtig, Cina Mehrvar, Stephen D. Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is used to manage bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). However, the application of PMMA has been associated with complications such as volumetric shrinkage, necrosis, wear debris, and loosening. Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have potential bone cementation applications. Unlike PMMA, GPC does not undergo volumetric shrinkage, adheres chemically to bone, and does not undergo an exothermic setting reaction. In this study, two different compositions of GPCs (GPCA and GPCB), based on the patented glass system SiO2-CaO-SrO-P2O5-Ta2O5, were investigated. Working and setting times, pH, ion release, …
In Vitro Osteogenic Performance Of Two Novel Strontium And Zinc-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Daniella Marx, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
In Vitro Osteogenic Performance Of Two Novel Strontium And Zinc-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Daniella Marx, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) are under investigation as potential bone adhesives, as they may provide an alternative to polymethylmethacrylate-based cements. GPCs containing strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) in place of aluminum (Al) are of particular interest because these ions are known stimulators of osteoprogenitor differentiation. GPCs have been manufactured from a novel bioactive glass (SiO2:0.48, ZnO:0.36, CaO:0.12, SrO:0.04) in the past, but, while such materials have been assessed for their influence on viability, their influence on osteogenic function has not been investigated until now. For this study, two GPCs were formulated from the same glass precursor evaluated in previous studies. …
Exploiting The Role Of Nanoparticles For Use In Hydrogel-Based Bioprinting Applications: Concept, Design, And Recent Advances, Aishik Chakraborty, Avinava Roy, Shruthi Polla Ravi, Arghya Paul
Exploiting The Role Of Nanoparticles For Use In Hydrogel-Based Bioprinting Applications: Concept, Design, And Recent Advances, Aishik Chakraborty, Avinava Roy, Shruthi Polla Ravi, Arghya Paul
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Publications
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging tissue engineering approach that aims to develop cell or biomolecule-laden, complex polymeric scaffolds with high precision, using hydrogel-based “bioinks”. Hydrogels are water-swollen, highly crosslinked polymer networks that are soft, quasi-solid, and can support and protect biological materials. However, traditional hydrogels have weak mechanical properties and cannot retain complex structures. They must be reinforced with physical and chemical manipulations to produce a mechanically resilient bioink. Over the past few years, we have witnessed an increased use of nanoparticles and biological moiety-functionalized nanoparticles to fabricate new bioinks. Nanoparticles of varied size, shape, and surface chemistries can …
A Gallium-Doped Cement For The Treatment Of Bone Cancers. The Effect Of Zno ↔ Ga2o3substitution Of An Ionomeric Glass Series On The Rheological, Mechanical, Ph And Ion-Eluting Properties Of Their Corresponding Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Sunjeev Phull, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Mark R. Towler
A Gallium-Doped Cement For The Treatment Of Bone Cancers. The Effect Of Zno ↔ Ga2o3substitution Of An Ionomeric Glass Series On The Rheological, Mechanical, Ph And Ion-Eluting Properties Of Their Corresponding Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Sunjeev Phull, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The primary treatment for patients suffering from bone cancers is resection of the tumor followed by reconstruction of the damaged bone. Despite the administration of post-operative chemotherapy, tumor recurrence continues to present itself as a severe complication leading to re-operation. Attempts to incorporate chemotherapeutic drugs into bone cements elicits local toxic effects on healthy bone, which could compromise implant fixation. Alternatively, the local administration of gallium (Ga) may prove to be more effective. This report considers the development of a Ga ionomeric glass series (0.48SiO2-0.355ZnO-0.06CaO-0.08SrO-0.02P2O5-0.005Ta2O5, with 0.01-0.05 mol% substitution for …
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Glypican‑1 And Pecam‑1 Cooperate In Shear‑Induced Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production, Anne Marie W. Bartosch, Rick Mathews, Marwa M. Mahmoud, Limary M. Cancel, Zahin S. Haq, John M. Tarbell
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Glypican‑1 And Pecam‑1 Cooperate In Shear‑Induced Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production, Anne Marie W. Bartosch, Rick Mathews, Marwa M. Mahmoud, Limary M. Cancel, Zahin S. Haq, John M. Tarbell
Publications and Research
This study aimed to clarify the role of glypican-1 and PECAM-1 in shear-induced nitric oxide production in endothelial cells. Atomic force microscopy pulling was used to apply force to glypican-1 and PECAM-1 on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and nitric oxide was measured using a fluorescent reporter dye. Glypican-1 pulling for 30 min stimulated nitric oxide production while PECAM-1 pulling did not. However, PECAM-1 downstream activation was necessary for the glypican-1 force-induced response. Glypican-1 knockout mice exhibited impaired flow-induced phosphorylation of eNOS without changes to PECAM-1 expression. A cooperation mechanism for the mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress …