Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

The Role Of Surface Characteristics In The Initial Adhesion Of Human Bone-Derived Cells On Ceramics, H. Zreiqat, O. C. Standard, T. Gengenbach, J. G. Steele, C. R. Howlett

Cells and Materials

The tissue/biomaterial interactions of three biomaterials of potential use in bone implants were studied in vitro. The mechanism of cell adherence to various ceramic substrata has been investigated by measurement of short term (90 minutes) cell attachment and spreading rate. We have determined the effect of two serum glycoproteins, fibronectin and vitronectin, on the adhesion of human bone derived cells (HBD-cells) cultured on three different types of ceramics {alumina (Al₂O₃), hydroxyapatite (HAP) and yttria-doped tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP)} . The attachment of HBD-cells to alumina and hydroxyapatite was approximately 60% of that to Y-TZP. Furthermore, …

Biomaterials Associated Infections: The Scale Of The Problem, David J. Stickler, Robert J. C. Mclean

Cells and Materials

The biomaterials used in the manufacture of implanted prosthetic devices profoundly impair the host's ability to opsonise and phagocytose invading microbes. As a result, while these devices generally provide effective relief from painful, crippling and life-threatening disorders, they can also induce vulnerability to infection in the recipients. The surfaces of the implants are susceptible to colonisation by microbial biofilms. The cells in the biofilm.s are further protected against opsonophagocytosis and are also resistant to antibacterials. Device associated infections thus tend to be refractile to antibiotic therapy and in many cases the device has to be removed before the infection will …

Projection Effect Errors In Biomaterials And Bone Research, K. N. Bachus, R. D. Bloebaum

Cells and Materials

Micoradiography and backscattered electron (BSE) imaging are techniques used to investigate the morphologic, histometric, and mineral content changes at the bone/biomaterials interface. Investigators have shown that the superimposition of multiple tissue layers can cause errors with both the morphologic observations and the histometric measurements of bone. The objective of this study was to document errors in the bone mineral content measurements associated with overlapping tissues.

Using a digital image analysis system, microradiographic and BSE images from canine cortical and cancellous bone were captured and analyzed. The results of this study showed that microradiography had more projection effect errors associated with …