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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Challenges Of Erau’S First Suborbital Flight Aboard Blue Origin’S New Shepard M7 For The Cell Research Experiment In Microgravity (Crexim), Pedro Llanos, Kristina Andrijauskaite, Vijay V. Duraisamy, Francisco F. Pastrana, Erik Seedhouse, Sathya Gangadharan, Leonid Bunegin, Mariel Rico
Challenges Of Erau’S First Suborbital Flight Aboard Blue Origin’S New Shepard M7 For The Cell Research Experiment In Microgravity (Crexim), Pedro Llanos, Kristina Andrijauskaite, Vijay V. Duraisamy, Francisco F. Pastrana, Erik Seedhouse, Sathya Gangadharan, Leonid Bunegin, Mariel Rico
Pedro J. Llanos (www.AstronauticsLlanos.com)
Person Identification From Streaming Surveillance Video Using Mid-Level Features From Joint Action-Pose Distribution, Binu M. Nair, Vijayan K. Asari
Person Identification From Streaming Surveillance Video Using Mid-Level Features From Joint Action-Pose Distribution, Binu M. Nair, Vijayan K. Asari
Vijayan K. Asari
We propose a real time person identification algorithm for surveillance based scenarios from low-resolution streaming video, based on mid-level features extracted from the joint distribution of various types of human actions and human poses. The proposed algorithm uses the combination of an auto-encoder based action association framework which produces per-frame probability estimates of the action being performed, and a pose recognition framework which gives per-frame body part locations. The main focus in this manuscript is to effectively combine these per-frame action probability estimates and pose trajectories from a short temporal window to obtain mid-level features. We demonstrate that these mid-level …
Concept Frequency Distribution In Biomedical Text Summarization, Lawrence H. Reeve, Hyoil Han, Saya V. Nagori, Jonathan C. Yang, Tamara A. Schwimmer, Ari D. Brooks
Concept Frequency Distribution In Biomedical Text Summarization, Lawrence H. Reeve, Hyoil Han, Saya V. Nagori, Jonathan C. Yang, Tamara A. Schwimmer, Ari D. Brooks
Hyoil Han
Text summarization is a data reduction process. The use of text summarization enables users to reduce the amount of text that must be read while still assimilating the core information. The data reduction offered by text summarization is particularly useful in the biomedical domain, where physicians must continuously find clinical trial study information to incorporate into their patient treatment efforts. Such efforts are often hampered by the high-volume of publications. Our contribution is two-fold: 1) to propose the frequency of domain concepts as a method to identify important sentences within a full-text; and 2) propose a novel frequency distribution model …
Three-Dimensional Confocal Microscopy Indentation Method For Hydrogel Elasticity Measurement, Donghee Lee, Md Mahmudur Rahman, You Zhou, Sangjin Ryu
Three-Dimensional Confocal Microscopy Indentation Method For Hydrogel Elasticity Measurement, Donghee Lee, Md Mahmudur Rahman, You Zhou, Sangjin Ryu
Md Mahmudur Rahman
No abstract provided.
Three-Dimensional Vibrometry Of The Human Eardrum With Stroboscopic Lensless Digital Holography, Morteza Khaleghi, Cosme Furlong, Mike Ravicz, Jeffrey T. Cheng, John J. Rosowski
Three-Dimensional Vibrometry Of The Human Eardrum With Stroboscopic Lensless Digital Holography, Morteza Khaleghi, Cosme Furlong, Mike Ravicz, Jeffrey T. Cheng, John J. Rosowski
Morteza Khaleghi
The eardrum or tympanic membrane (TM) transforms acoustic energy at the ear canal into mechanical motions of the ossicles. The acousto-mechanical transformer behavior of the TM is determined by its shape, three-dimensional (3-D) motion, and mechanical properties. We have developed an optoelectronic holographic system to measure the shape and 3-D sound-induced displacements of the TM. The shape of the TM is measured with dual-wavelength holographic contouring using a tunable near IR laser source with a central wavelength of 780 nm. 3-D components of sound-induced displacements of the TM are measured with the method of multiple sensitivity vectors using stroboscopic holographic …
Developments In Opto-Electronic Holography (Oeh) For Measurement Of Sound-Induced Eardrum Motion, Ivo Dobrev, Jeffrey Tao Cheng, Morteza Khaleghi, Jérémie Guignard, Michael E. Ravicz, John J. Rosowski, Cosme Furlong
Developments In Opto-Electronic Holography (Oeh) For Measurement Of Sound-Induced Eardrum Motion, Ivo Dobrev, Jeffrey Tao Cheng, Morteza Khaleghi, Jérémie Guignard, Michael E. Ravicz, John J. Rosowski, Cosme Furlong
Ivo Dobrev
Prior to 2009 the data available to characterize the function of the mammalian eardrum was rather limited and consisted of time-averaged holograms gathered 30 to 40 years previously or laser-vibrometer measurements usually made with low spatial density or over small regions of the eardrum. These few measurements could be compared to the plethora of Finite-Element models of eardrum and middle ear function. More recently, a collaboration between an optics group at the Center for Holographic Studies and Laser micro-mechaTronics at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Worcester MA and physiologists and acousticians at the Eaton-Peabody Laboratory at the Massachusetts Eye and …
Full-Field Vibrometry By High-Speed Digital Holography For Middle-Ear Mechanics, Ivo Dobrev
Full-Field Vibrometry By High-Speed Digital Holography For Middle-Ear Mechanics, Ivo Dobrev
Ivo Dobrev
Hearing loss affects approximately 1 in 10 people in the world and this percentage is increasing every year. Some of the most common courses for hearing loss are disorders of the human tympanic membrane (TM or eardrum) and middle-ear. Early detection and diagnosis of hearing loss as well as research and understanding of the hearing process depend on medical and research tools for quantification of the hearing capabilities, including the function of the human TM in the complex acoustic-mechanical transformation of environmental sounds into vibrations of the middle- and the inner-ear. Current ear exams are assessing the state of the …
Xena: An Automated 'Open-Source' 129xe Hyperpolarizer For Clinical Use, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Aaron M. Coffey, Laura L. Walkup, Brogan M. Gust, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Iga Muradyan, Mikayel Dabaghyan, Kaili Ranta, Gregory D. Moroz, Matthew S. Rosen, Samuel Patz, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Boyd M. Goodson
Xena: An Automated 'Open-Source' 129xe Hyperpolarizer For Clinical Use, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Aaron M. Coffey, Laura L. Walkup, Brogan M. Gust, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Iga Muradyan, Mikayel Dabaghyan, Kaili Ranta, Gregory D. Moroz, Matthew S. Rosen, Samuel Patz, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Boyd M. Goodson
Nicholas Whiting
Pre-Amplifiers For A 15-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imager, Chin-Leong Lim, Peter Serano, Jerome L. Ackerman
Pre-Amplifiers For A 15-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imager, Chin-Leong Lim, Peter Serano, Jerome L. Ackerman
Chin-Leong Lim
High-field magnetic resonance imagers (MRI) give better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and image contrast. However clinical MRIs are currently limited to 3 Tesla (T) magnetic field strength. To create an uncommon 15 T scanner for research use, we evaluated several low-cost, intended for wireless communication, GaAs enhancement-mode pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (ePHEMT) in the critical preamplifier slot. This paper reports the experimental results that were obtained at both module and system levels. When evaluated in our prototype 15 T scanner front-end’s preamplifier slot, the candidate devices’ sub 1dB noise figures enabled image SNR ~ 110 in a water phantom (test …
Development Of A Novel Handheld Device For Active Compensation Of Physiological Tremor, Abhijit Saxena
Development Of A Novel Handheld Device For Active Compensation Of Physiological Tremor, Abhijit Saxena
Abhijit Saxena
In microsurgery, the human hand imposes certain limitations in accurately positioning the tip of a device such as scalpel. Any errors in the motion of the hand make microsurgical procedures difficult and involuntary motions such as hand tremors can make some procedures significantly difficult to perform. This is particularly true in the case of vitreoretinal microsurgery. The most familiar source of involuntary motion is physiological tremor. Real-time compensation of tremor is, therefore, necessary to assist surgeons to precisely position and manipulate the tool-tip to accurately perform a microsurgery. In this thesis, a novel handheld device (AID) is described for compensation …
A Thousand Tiny Pieces: The Federal Circuit’S Fractured Myriad Ruling, Lessons To Be Learned, And The Way Forward, Jonathan R. K. Stroud
A Thousand Tiny Pieces: The Federal Circuit’S Fractured Myriad Ruling, Lessons To Be Learned, And The Way Forward, Jonathan R. K. Stroud
Jonathan R. K. Stroud
No abstract provided.
High-Speed Digital Holographic Methods To Characterize The Transient Acousto-Mechanical Response Of Human Tm, I Dobrev, C Furlong, J T. Cheng, J J. Rosowski
High-Speed Digital Holographic Methods To Characterize The Transient Acousto-Mechanical Response Of Human Tm, I Dobrev, C Furlong, J T. Cheng, J J. Rosowski
Ivo Dobrev
Human hearing relies on a delicate sequence of energy transformations from the sound waves in the outer-ear, through mechanical vibrations in the middle-ear, to pressure waves of the fluid in the inner-ear. The investigation of hearing process requires the study of the function of the tympanic membrane (TM) in the energy transformation at the interface of the outer and middle-ear. The investigation of this process requires tools to quantify the acousto-mechanical response of the TM while overcoming the challenges associated with its dimensions, confined location, and the high temporal and spatial complexity of its nanometer scale motions that also relate …
Shelf-Life Of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: A Structural And Mechanical Study, Maryse Julien, Dany Letouneau, Yves Marois, Alain Cardou, Martin King, Robert Guidoin, Debbie Chachra, J. Lee
Shelf-Life Of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: A Structural And Mechanical Study, Maryse Julien, Dany Letouneau, Yves Marois, Alain Cardou, Martin King, Robert Guidoin, Debbie Chachra, J. Lee
Debbie Chachra
This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of storage conditions on the shelf-life of porcine bioprosthetic valves. Fifty-five unimplanted porcine bioprostheses have been evaluated. The valves were stored in 0.5% buffered glutaraldehyde solution for different periods of time (7, 23 and 32 months). Twenty-eight valves were refrigerated while the remaining valves were stored at room temperature. The pH of the glutaraldehyde solution at room temperature decreased with time of storage, while that kept in the refrigerator remained stable over the course of the study. Macroscopic observations showed that the valve tissues kept at room temperature, especially for the periods …
Photolithographic Surface Micromachining Of Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms), Weiqiang Chen, Raymond H. W. Lam, Jianping Fu
Photolithographic Surface Micromachining Of Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms), Weiqiang Chen, Raymond H. W. Lam, Jianping Fu
Weiqiang Chen
A major technical hurdle in microfluidics is the difficulty in achieving high fidelity lithographic patterning on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Here, we report a simple yet highly precise and repeatable PDMS surface micromachining method using direct photolithography followed by reactive ion etching (RIE). Our method to achieve surface patterning of PDMS applied an O2 plasma treatment to PDMS to activate its surface to overcome the challenge of poor photoresist adhesion on PDMS for photolithography. Our photolithographic PDMS surface micromachining technique is compatible with conventional soft lithography techniques and other silicon-based surface and bulk micromachining methods. To illustrate the general application of our …
Patient Safety: What Can Be Done About It?, Steven Dain
Patient Safety: What Can Be Done About It?, Steven Dain
Steven L Dain
Much is said and written about patient safety. In Canada, a small group of dedicated physicians, nurses and engineers participates in the Canadian Standards Association and Standards Council of Canada Advisory Committees writing basic safety and essential performance requirements for a large range of anesthesia, respiratory care and critical care equipment. Over the past several years, in recognition of the globalization of trade and the international nature of medical device design and manufacturing, Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society members Dr Steven Dain, Dr Karen Brown, Dr Matt Kurrek, Dr Ken LeDez, and Dr Jeremy Sloan have primarily participated in Organization for International …
Neural Vs. Statistical Classifier In Conjunction With Genetic Algorithm Based Feature Selection, Ping Zhang, Brijesh Verma, Kuldeep Kumar
Neural Vs. Statistical Classifier In Conjunction With Genetic Algorithm Based Feature Selection, Ping Zhang, Brijesh Verma, Kuldeep Kumar
Kuldeep Kumar
Digital mammography is one of the most suitable methods for early detection of breast cancer. It uses digital mammograms to find suspicious areas containing benign and malignant microcalcifications. However, it is very difficult to distinguish benign and malignant microcalcifications. This is reflected in the high percentage of unnecessary biopsies that are performed and many deaths caused by late detection or misdiagnosis. A computer based feature selection and classification system can provide a second opinion to the radiologists in assessment of microcalcifications. The research in this paper proposes and investigates a neural-genetic algorithm for feature selection in conjunction with neural and …
A Hybrid Classifier For Mass Classification With Different Kinds Of Features In Mammography, Ping Zhang, Kuldeep Kumar, Brijesh Verma
A Hybrid Classifier For Mass Classification With Different Kinds Of Features In Mammography, Ping Zhang, Kuldeep Kumar, Brijesh Verma
Kuldeep Kumar
This paper proposes a hybrid system which combines computer extracted features and human interpreted features from the mammogram, with the statistical classifier’s output as another kind of feature in conjunction with a genetic neural network classifier. The hybrid system produced better results than the single statistical classifier and neural network. The highest classification rate reached 91.3%. The area value under the ROC curve is 0.962. The results indicated that the mixed features contribute greatly for the classification of mass patterns into benign and malignant.
Laminar Flow In Mini-Fluidics Channels Assembly And Its Application In Zebra Fish Embryo Research, Radek Glaser
Laminar Flow In Mini-Fluidics Channels Assembly And Its Application In Zebra Fish Embryo Research, Radek Glaser
Radek Glaser
A Mini-Fluidics system was designed to facilitate the muscle growth of the Zebra Fish embryos. This experimental device is made of peristaltic pump, inflow/outflow manifolds, fluid storage tank, series of valves and flexible pipes and the main plate with six mini channels. These closed channels provide pathways for an extremely laminar flow. The Zebra Fish embryos are placed in the channels and exposed to the forces present in the fluid.