Navigation, Guidance, Control and Dynamics Commons^™

Path Planning And Flight Control Of Drones For Autonomous Pollination, Chapel R. Rice

Masters Theses

The decline of natural pollinators necessitates the development of novel pollination technologies. In this thesis, a drone-enabled autonomous pollination system (APS) that consists of five primary modules: environment sensing, flower perception, path planning, flight control, and pollination mechanisms is proposed. These modules are highly dependent upon each other, with each module relying on inputs from the other modules. This thesis focuses on approaches to the path planning and flight control modules. Flower perception is briefly demonstrated developing a map of flowers using results from previous work. With that map of flowers, APS path planning is defined as a variant of …

Mission Architecture Analysis: Exploring Long-Period Comets From Multiple Staging Orbits, Gabriel Prescinotti Vivan

Masters Theses

Objects that have retained pieces of information about the early Solar System are key to our understanding of its formation and evolutionary history. However, the high delta-V required to reach these objects, such as long-period comets or interstellar objects, makes designing an intercept mission at the time of detection impractical. In this thesis, multiple heliocentric staging orbits are explored to serve as departure positions for future missions, prior to objects’ detections. By utilizing more than one staging orbit concurrently, the set of objects that are reachable is expanded, therefore increasing mission feasibility. Delta-V maps are generated and superimposed; two-impulse burn …

Algorithm For Geodetic Positioning Based On Angle-Of-Arrival Of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcasts, Richard Allen Gross

Masters Theses

This paper develops a non-precision, three-dimensional, geodetic positioning algorithm for airborne vehicles. The algorithm leverages the proliferation of Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) equipped aircraft, utilizing them as airborne navigation aids to generate an RF Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) and Angle-of-Elevation (AOE) based geodetic position. The resulting geodetic position can serve as a redundant navigation system for use during locally limited Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) availability, be used to validate on-board satellite navigation systems in an effort to detect local spoofing attempts, and be used to validate ADS-B position reports.

The navigation algorithm is an implementation of an Extended Kalman …

Angle Of Attack Determination Using Inertial Navigation System Data From Flight Tests, Jack Kevin Ly

Masters Theses

Engineers and pilots rely on mechanical flow angle vanes on air data probes to determine the angle of attack of the aircraft in flight. These probes, however, are costly, come with inherent measurement errors, affect the flight characteristics of the aircraft, and are potentially dangerous in envelope expansion flights. Advances in the accuracy, usability, and affordability of inertial navigation systems allow for angle of attack to be determined accurately without direct measurement of the airflow around the aircraft. Utilizing an algorithm developed from aircraft equations of motion, a post-flight data review is completed as the first step in proving the …

Trajectory Optimization For A Misson To The Trojan Asteroids, Shivaji Senapati Gadsing

Masters Theses

The problem of finding a minimum-fuel trajectory for a mission to the Jovian Trojan asteroids is considered. The problem is formulated as a modified traveling salesman problem. Two different types of algorithms such as an exhaustive search algorithm and a serial rendezvous search algorithm are developed. The General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) is employed for finding optimum trajectories with minimal fuel consumption. The selection of a minimum-fuel mission trajectory, and the associated target asteroids, will be a key factor in determining feasibility and scientific value of a Trojan tour and rendezvous mission.

The transfer trajectory followed by a spacecraft between …

Localization And System Identification Of A Quadcopter Uav, Kenneth Befus

Masters Theses

The research conducted explores the comparison of several trilateration algorithms as they apply to the localization of a quadcopter micro air vehicle (MAV). A localization system is developed employing a network of combined ultrasonic/radio frequency sensors used to wirelessly provide range (distance) measurements defining the location of the quadcopter in 3-dimensional space. A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted using the extrinsic parameters of the localization system to evaluate the adequacy of each trilateration method as it applies to this specific quadcopter application. The optimal position calculation method is determined.

Furthermore, flight testing is performed in which real range measurement data …

Using System Identification To Compare Global And Local Aerodynamic Modeling From Flight Data, Toby Earl Sorensen

Masters Theses

A method for identifying and comparing a longitudinal global aerodynamic model to a longitudinal local aerodynamic model for UTSI’s Piper Saratoga aircraft is explained and demonstrated. Large amplitude piloted inputs were used to estimate global nonlinear aerodynamic models from flight data. Flight derived global aerodynamic model structures, model parameter estimates, and associated uncertainties were provided for the longitudinal dimensional force and moment. The results from the global aerodynamic modeling were compared to local linear aerodynamic modeling results gathered with traditional small amplitude doublet inputs. The results from large amplitude piloted inputs compared favorably with small amplitude piloted inputs by ten …

Control Law Calculation And Verification Methods For The Variable Stability Navion In-Flight Simulation Aircraft, Joe Ming Yin Siu

Masters Theses

The University of Tennessee Space Institute’s (UTSI) variable stability research aircraft, Ryan Navion N66UT, was extensively modified by the Princeton University in the 1960’s. When UTSI acquired the aircraft from Princeton, volumes of calibration data, charts, and schematics manuals were transferred to UTSI.

Based on the study and research of available Princeton documents, methods of calculating flight control laws were “reverse-engineered”. The Variable Stability Navion employs an implicit model following structure to achieve in-flight simulation of other aircraft’s flying quality. Mathematical formulas were derived to calculate stability derivative potentiometer settings, for the analog response feedback flight controls system. MATLAB scripts …

Continuously Variable Rotorcraft Propulsion System: Modelling And Simulation, Naveen Kumar Vallabhaneni

Masters Theses

This study explores the variable speed operation and shift response of a prototype of a two speed single path CVT rotorcraft driveline system. Here a Comprehensive Variable Speed Rotorcraft Propulsion system Modeling (CVSRPM) tool is developed and utilized to simulate the drive system dynamics in steady forward speed condition. This investigation attempts to build upon previous variable speed rotorcraft propulsion studies by:

1) Including fully nonlinear first principles based transient gas-turbine engine model

2) Including shaft flexibility

3) Incorporating a basic flight dynamics model to account for interactions with the flight control system.

Through exploring the interactions between the various …

Development And Analysis Of Onboard Translunar Injection Targeting Algorithms, Phillippe Lyles Winters Reed

Masters Theses

Several targeting algorithms are developed and analyzed for possible future use onboard a spacecraft. Each targeter is designed to determine the appropriate propulsive burn for translunar injection to obtain desired orbital parameters upon arrival at the moon. Primary design objectives are to minimize the computational requirements for each algorithm but also to ensure reasonable accuracy, so that the algorithm’s errors do not force the craft to conduct large mid-course corrections. Several levels of accuracy for dynamical models are explored, the convergence range and speed of each algorithm are compared, and the possible benefits of the Broyden and trust-region targeters are …

Development And Testing Of A Self-Contained, Portable Instrumentation System For A Fighter Pilot Helmet, Michael Anthony Kamp

Masters Theses

A self-contained, portable, inertial and positional measurement system was developed and tested for an HGU-55 model fighter pilot helmet. The system, designated the Portable Helmet Instrumentation System (PHIS), demonstrated the recording of accelerations and rotational rates experienced by the human head in a flight environment. A compact, self-contained, “knee-board” sized computer recorded these accelerations and rotational rates during flight. The present research presents the results of a limited evaluation of this helmet-mounted instrumentation system flown in an Extra 300 fully aerobatic aircraft. The accuracy of the helmet-mounted, inertial head tracker system was compared to the aircraft-mounted referenced system. The ability …

The Design And Integration Of An Airborne Imager And Flight Campaign To Study The Time Evolution And Vertical Structures Of Polar Mesospheric Clouds, Jason David Reimuller

Masters Theses

The scientific objective of this study is to design an aircraft flight experiment that will provide airborne imaging data, augmenting satellite data, to advance the fundamental understanding of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs). By capturing simultaneous top and bottom views of the PMCs, these airborne images will both provide insight into the time evolution of PMCs, and into the micro-features of these clouds, from which gravity waves and other details of the clouds vertical structures may be obtained. These data may help us better understand the driving mechanisms of these clouds and ultimately those elements of global climatic change, which are …

A Compliance Strategy For Use Of Gps For Ifr Navigation In The E-2c Hawkeye, James Robert Mires

Masters Theses

Naval aviation is on the brink of taking advantage of a 12 year old capability. Naval commercial derivative aircraft have had the ability to navigate in instrument meteorological conditions using global positioning technology for nearly as long as civil commercial-for-hire aircraft. However, tactical naval aircraft, like the E-2C Hawkeye, are now only beginning to obtain and install the necessary technology to meet federal aviation regulations for satellite based area navigation.

Worldwide airspace controlling agencies have mandated the use of navigation equipment that meets highly specific performance standards prior to entry in required navigation performance airspace. Aircraft not compliant with these …

F/A-18a-D Hornet Current And Future Utilization Of Mode I Automatic Carrier Landings, Brian T. Schrum

Masters Theses

The purpose for writing this thesis is to prove the automatic carrier landing system (ACLS) a valuable Operational Risk Management (ORM) tool for recovering F/A-18A-D aircraft aboard the modern aircraft carrier. ORM is itself a subset of human factors and worthy of exploration in the aviation systems field. In proving the value of the ACLS, the author presents the following objectives: 1) describe the major components of the F/A-18A-D and modern aircraft carrier ACLS, 2) describe the current Mode I approach procedures, and the Precision Approach Landing Systems (PALS) certification process, 3) promote an increase in automatic landings during night …