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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Multiscale Modeling Of Particle Transport In Petroleum Reservoirs, Layne Bryan French Jan 2015

Multiscale Modeling Of Particle Transport In Petroleum Reservoirs, Layne Bryan French

LSU Master's Theses

Modeling subsurface particle transport and retention is important for many processes, including sand production, fines migration, and nanoparticle injection. In this study, a pore-scale particle plugging simulator is concurrently coupled with a streamline reservoir simulator to predict the behavior of particles in the subsurface. The coupled simulators march forward in time together. The automated communication between the two models enables the prediction of spatially and time dependent parameters that control the particle transport process. At each time step, the reservoir simulator provides the inlet velocity and particle concentration of the fluid suspension to the pore-scale model which outputs the permeability, …


Computer Simulation Of Modern Recirculation Systems And Their Production Strategies, Daniel Alt Jan 2015

Computer Simulation Of Modern Recirculation Systems And Their Production Strategies, Daniel Alt

LSU Master's Theses

Aquaculture has grown to meet the gap created by a growing demand from population growth and a stagnating wild catch. Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is a facet of aquaculture developed to allow the culture of fish in closed systems. The fish are able to survive as the various water parameters are kept within safe ranges by engineered systems and rules of operation. Engineers and operators have attempted to improve the efficiencies of these systems to increase their production. These improvements must guarantee the stability of the system for the entire culture cycle of the fish being raised in an RAS. …


Spectrum Allocation In Networks With Finite Sources And Data-Driven Characterization Of Users' Stochastic Dynamics, Ahsan-Abbas Ali Jan 2015

Spectrum Allocation In Networks With Finite Sources And Data-Driven Characterization Of Users' Stochastic Dynamics, Ahsan-Abbas Ali

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

During emergency situations, the public safety communication systems (PSCSs) get overloaded with high traffic loads. Note that these PSCSs are finite source networks. The goal of our study is to propose techniques for an efficient allocation of spectrum in finite source networks that can help alleviate the overloading of PSCSs. In a PSCS, there are two system segments, one for the system-access control and the other for communications, each having dedicated frequency channels. The first part of our research, consisting of three projects, is based on modeling and analysis of finite source systems for optimal spectrum allocation, for both access-control …


Constitutive Modeling And Experiments For The Micro And Nano Behaviors In Metals, Cheng Zhang Jan 2015

Constitutive Modeling And Experiments For The Micro And Nano Behaviors In Metals, Cheng Zhang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This work addresses the micro- and nano-behaviors in metals through constitutive modeling and experiments. The size effect encountered during nanoindentation experiments, which is known as indentation size effect (ISE), is investigated for metal materials. The ISE is believed to be related with the strain gradient at small indentation depths. Geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) are formed in order to accommodate the strain gradient, which results in the increase in the material hardness. The grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials play an important role on the material hardness during nanoindentation experiments as there is a soften-hardening segment in the curve of hardness as …


Application Of Discrete Element Method And Computational Fluid Dynamics To Selected Dispersed Phase Flow Problems, Oladapo Olanrewaju Ayeni Jan 2015

Application Of Discrete Element Method And Computational Fluid Dynamics To Selected Dispersed Phase Flow Problems, Oladapo Olanrewaju Ayeni

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A parallel discrete particle modelling framework (PAR_DPM3D) is applied to study three fundamental multiphase flow problems: The sedimentation of a cluster of particles in a viscous ambient fluid, multiphase flow in a bench-scale fluidized bed and granular segregation and mixing dynamics in a rotating drum. Various phenomena including torus formation and particle cluster breakup are reproduced. We provide new insights into the volume fraction dependence of the dynamic characteristics of a settling particle cluster and find a similar dependence in the simulations as in the theoretical predictions of Nitsche and Batchelor 1. Similarities in the interaction between a system of …


Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain Jan 2015

Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

World’s growing energy demand has pushed oil companies to explore and produce hydrocarbons in complex and technologically challenging deepwater environments. These difficult and complex operations involve the risk of major accidents as well, demonstrated by disasters such as the explosion and fire on the UK production platform Piper Alpha and capsizing of the Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Accidents cause death, suffering, pollution of the environment, disruption of business and bad reputation to oil industry. A quantitative risk analysis technique has been used in this study to identify and categorize risk associated with different life phases …


Context Aware Textual Entailment, Soha Arab-Khazaeli Jan 2015

Context Aware Textual Entailment, Soha Arab-Khazaeli

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In conversations, stories, news reporting, and other forms of natural language, understanding requires participants to make assumptions (hypothesis) based on background knowledge, a process called entailment. These assumptions may then be supported, contradicted, or refined as a conversation or story progresses and additional facts become known and context changes. It is often the case that we do not know an aspect of the story with certainty but rather believe it to be the case; i.e., what we know is associated with uncertainty or ambiguity. In this research a method has been developed to identify different contexts of the input raw …


Antioxidant Activity Of Lutein Entrapped In Poly (Dl-Lactide Co-Glycolide) Acid And Plga/Chitosan Nanoparticles, Toni Borel Lousteau Jan 2015

Antioxidant Activity Of Lutein Entrapped In Poly (Dl-Lactide Co-Glycolide) Acid And Plga/Chitosan Nanoparticles, Toni Borel Lousteau

LSU Master's Theses

Polymeric nanocarriers improve cellular uptake, stability, solubility, and functionality of entrapped drugs and nutraceuticals. The hypothesis of this study was that entrapping lutein, a hydrophobic antioxidant, in different polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) will improve its stability and antioxidant activity. The following objectives were proposed: 1. Synthesize and characterize polymeric nanoparticles of poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and PLGA NPs covered with a layer of chitosan (PLGA/Chi) from a physicochemical perspective, and 2. Assess functionality of the entrapped lutein as a function of type of polymer in which entrapped. Nanoparticles were synthesized by emulsion evaporation method. Characterization included size, zeta potential, and …


Interorganizational Collaboration And Systemic Change Framework For Building Information Modeling (Bim) Adoption, Rehema Joseph Monko Jan 2015

Interorganizational Collaboration And Systemic Change Framework For Building Information Modeling (Bim) Adoption, Rehema Joseph Monko

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

It was found that an integrated framework needs to be developed for the construction industry that allows optimized interorganizational collaboration and systemic change while using Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies. The framework needs to be effective so the industry can adopt BIM through a set of interdependent activities beyond their organizational boundaries. The adoption has been proven difficult because of industry competitiveness and a fragmented work environment. Meanwhile, existing frameworks vary between studies. This research developed an integrated framework, identified critical factors, and provided an evaluation guide for interorganizational collaboration and set of coordinated changes necessary to adopt BIM. This …


Connected Vehicle Technology: User And System Performance Characteristics, Osama Abdulmonaem Thabet Osman Jan 2015

Connected Vehicle Technology: User And System Performance Characteristics, Osama Abdulmonaem Thabet Osman

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The emerging connected vehicle (CV) technology plays a promising role in providing more operable and safer transportation environments. Yet, many questions remain unanswered as to how various user and system characteristics of CV-enabled networks can shape the successful implementation of the technology to maximize the return on investment. This research attempts to capture the effect of multiple factors such as traffic density, market penetration, and transmission range on the communication stability and overall network performance by developing a new CONnectivity ROBustness (CONROB) model. The model was tested with data collected from microscopic simulation of a 195 sq-mile traffic network and …


Investigating Wave Forces On Coastal Bridge Decks, Guoji Xu Jan 2015

Investigating Wave Forces On Coastal Bridge Decks, Guoji Xu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Tsunamis and hurricane induced waves are responsible for many coastal bridge failures, especially in the last decade. In the current study, three countermeasures (reducing the entrapped air, elevating the structures and rigidifying the structures) are considered, two wave types (solitary wave theory and Stokes wave theory) are chosen, and two bridge types (single bridge deck and twin bridge decks) are taken into account. Parametric studies are conducted based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS Fluent. This dissertation comprises two broad themes according to the wave types adopted. The first one is to make a great effort to investigate solitary …


Coupled Gradient Enhanced Damage - Viscoplasticity Model Using Phase Field Method, Navid Mozaffari Jan 2015

Coupled Gradient Enhanced Damage - Viscoplasticity Model Using Phase Field Method, Navid Mozaffari

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The aim of this dissertation is developing a framework to describe damage evolution as a phase transformation in solid materials and couple it to the well-known Perzyna type viscoplastic model to account for inelastic behavior of ductile materials. To accomplish this task, the following steps have been performed. First, a new nonlocal, gradient based damage model is proposed for isotropic elastic damage using the phase field method in order to show the evolution of damage in brittle materials. The general framework of the phase field model (PFM) is discussed and the order parameter is related to the damage variable in …


A Comparative Assessment Of Ergonomic Risk Factors In University Personnel Using Rula And Reba Aiming To Study The Cause And Effect Relationship, Nabila Chowdhury Jan 2015

A Comparative Assessment Of Ergonomic Risk Factors In University Personnel Using Rula And Reba Aiming To Study The Cause And Effect Relationship, Nabila Chowdhury

LSU Master's Theses

The aim of this research was to conduct an ergonomic assessment of working postures and the design of computer workstations of the employees in Louisiana State University. The purpose of the study was threefold- (1) to determine the major ergonomic issues in university employees while working on computer workstations, (2) to compare the two ergonomic assessment tools (RULA and REBA) to see how similarly or differently they assess the risks present in the same working condition and (3) to develop a model that correlates between working condition, work posture and computer workstation design with their effects on musculoskeletal system. This …


Development Of A Three-Dimensional Bioprinter With Inline Light Activation For Bone Tissue Engineering, Colton Alexander Mcelheny Jan 2015

Development Of A Three-Dimensional Bioprinter With Inline Light Activation For Bone Tissue Engineering, Colton Alexander Mcelheny

LSU Master's Theses

Bioprinting offers exciting possibilities for tissue engineering related to tissue and organ failure due to trauma, disease, or aging. This is of substantial societal value as the world populace mean age rises. Current needs for tissue and organ repair far exceed availability. A strategy being explored to counter this imbalance is the single step fabrication of cellular constructs. This paper explores various bioprinting techniques and suggests a custom design for a cost-effective, low-maintenance bioprinting platform for academic research. The platform functionality was validated via two-dimensional image transfer and simple three-dimensional geometries.


Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley Jan 2015

Thermo-Catalytic Upgrading Of Pyrolysis Vapors Using Electromagnetic Heating, Pranjali Devidas Muley

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Electromagnetic heating offers several advantages such as rapid heating rates, accurate temperature control and energy efficiency over conventional reactors. The goal of this study was to design an effective and energy efficient catalytic reactor for pyrolysis vapor upgrading. An induction based catalytic reactor was designed for upgrading of pyrolysis vapors. The effect of catalyst bed temperatures (290°, 330° and 370°C) and biomass to catalyst ratios of 1, 1.5 and 2 was studied. The results were compared to conventional heating reactor. Induction heating reactor performance exceeded that of conventional heater. The biomass to catalyst ratio of 2 in combination with the …


On The Role Of Surface Roughness In Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Of Tribological Components, Mohammad Masjedi Jan 2015

On The Role Of Surface Roughness In Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Of Tribological Components, Mohammad Masjedi

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The present dissertation investigates the effect of surface roughness in the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). Since many essential components of the machinery such as gears, rolling element bearings, cam-followers, and heavily loaded journal bearings operate under the mixed EHL condition, and given the fact that nearly all engineering surfaces are rough to some extent, there is a need for an extensive research which can realistically quantify the effect of the surface roughness in such applications. We thus seek to develop an applied engineering approach for the treatment of the mixed EHL for prediction of the performance of machinery. Both line-contact and …


Probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (Pbhe) Framework, Vipin Unnithan Unnikrishnan Jan 2015

Probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (Pbhe) Framework, Vipin Unnithan Unnikrishnan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In modern times, hurricanes have caused enormous losses to the communities worldwide both in terms of property damage and loss of life. In light of these losses, a comprehensive methodology is required to improve the quantification of risk and the design of structures subject to hurricane hazard. This research develops a probabilistic Performance-Based Hurricane Engineering (PBHE) framework for hurricane risk assessment. The proposed PBHE is based on the total probability theorem, similar to the Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) framework developed by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center, and to the Performance-Based Wind Engineering (PBWE) framework. The methodology presented in …


Composite 1-Dimensional Modeling Of The Expanded Small Scale Mississippi River Model, Benjamin Joseph Hartman Jan 2015

Composite 1-Dimensional Modeling Of The Expanded Small Scale Mississippi River Model, Benjamin Joseph Hartman

LSU Master's Theses

Stream wise 1-dimensional numerical modelling couples well with long term, large domain physical modelling because of its ability to perform simulations quickly. The downsides are limitations in replicating some complex hydrodynamics and sediment transport behavior. In this study, a 1-dimensional model of a section of the Expanded Small Scale Physical Model (ESSPM) is developed using the USACE HEC-RAS software with a goal of investigating the ability of a 1-dimensional model to accurately replicate hydraulics at ESSPM time scales. Additional simulations are conducted to examine the impact of varying distortion scales, non-frictional energy losses and synthetic sediment on hydraulic behavior. The …


Development And Optimization Of Non-Hydrostatic Models For Water Waves And Fluid-Vegetation Interaction, Ling Zhu Jan 2015

Development And Optimization Of Non-Hydrostatic Models For Water Waves And Fluid-Vegetation Interaction, Ling Zhu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The primary objective of this study is twofold: 1) to develop an efficient and accurate non-hydrostatic wave model for fully dispersive highly nonlinear waves, and 2) to investigate the interaction between waves and submerged flexible vegetation using a fully coupled wave-vegetation model. This research consists of three parts. Firstly, an analytical dispersion relationship is derived for waves simulated by models utilizing Keller-box scheme and central differencing for vertical discretization. The phase speed can be expressed as a rational polynomial function of the dimensionless water depth, $kh$, and the layer distribution in water column becomes an optimizable parameter in this function. …


Optimal Location Of Biomethane Gas Manufacturing Plants And Allocation Of Feedstock And Liquified Carbon Product, Bingqing Wu Jan 2015

Optimal Location Of Biomethane Gas Manufacturing Plants And Allocation Of Feedstock And Liquified Carbon Product, Bingqing Wu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Biomethane gas (BMG), known for its sustainability, low environmental impact, and high profitability, has received wide attention in recent years. To facilitate the process of making strategic plans for building a BMG production system, this dissertation leverages the mathematical modeling and optimization techniques to minimize the supply chain cost for such a system. Typical elements in a BMG production system consist of the local farms that produce the feedstock, the hubs that collect and store the feedstock produced by farms, the reactors that generate BMG from the feedstock transported from the hubs, the condensers that liquefy the BMG from the …


Output Consensus Control For Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems, Abhishek Pandey Jan 2015

Output Consensus Control For Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems, Abhishek Pandey

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

We study distributed output feedback control of a heterogeneous multi-agent system (MAS), consisting of N different continuous-time linear dynamical systems. For achieving output consensus, a virtual reference model is assumed to generate the desired trajectory for which the MAS is required to track and synchronize. A full information (FI) protocol is assumed for consensus control. This protocol includes information exchange with the feed-forward signals. In this dissertation we study two different kinds of consensus problems. First, we study the consensus control over the topology involving time delays and prove that consensus is independent of delay lengths. Second, we study the …


Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Tel1 & Tel2 Role In Dna Double-Strand Break Repairs, Tommy Nhan Trieu Jan 2015

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Tel1 & Tel2 Role In Dna Double-Strand Break Repairs, Tommy Nhan Trieu

LSU Master's Theses

Genomic DNA is constantly in danger of being damaged by endogenous cellular processes and exogenous agents. Eukaryotes have mechanisms, collectively termed the DNA damage response, that detect and repair DNA damage. After a double-stranded break occurs, protein complexes are recruited to the break site to promote resection. Two main protein kinases involved in DNA repair are the Tel1 and Mec1 proteins. Recent studies have found that the Tel2 protein binds to both the Tel1 and Mec1 proteins and a point mutation of TEL2 on the 129th amino acid disrupts this interaction. Since both of the Tel1 and Mec1 proteins are …


Life Cycle Analysis Of An Airlifted Recirculation Aqualculture Facility, Marlon Alberetos Greensword Jan 2015

Life Cycle Analysis Of An Airlifted Recirculation Aqualculture Facility, Marlon Alberetos Greensword

LSU Master's Theses

Airlift-equipped recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) provide water-circulation, aeration, and degassing efficiently and reliably. This project investigated the need for biofilters in a fish hatchery environment to address biofouling of tank water from hatching eggs. Eggs of various fish species were selected and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and protein loading and content were measured and compared. Means for all samples were: 0.67±0.05g BOD₅/g, 10.89 nitrogen±0.84% and the mean protein content 69.22±3.82%. A statistical analysis indicates that Rachycentron canadum (cobia) and Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) is the most representative of the multi-species lot when compared to Balantiocheilus melanopterus …


Sustainable Materials For Pavement Infrastructure: Design And Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr Jan 2015

Sustainable Materials For Pavement Infrastructure: Design And Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

As the price of liquid asphalt continuously climb, methods are being sought to decrease material costs which will have less impact on ecological systems without compromising material or pavement performance. The use of recycled materials is one method that can replace a percentage of their virgin counterparts, thus reducing the negative impacts on the environment. Asphalt mixture performance is affected by the level of blending that occurs between aged and virgin asphalt binders. The interaction and compatibility of recycling agents (RAs) with recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) and reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) have not been thoroughly evaluated since the 1970s. To …


Applications Of Geopolymer In Civil Engineering: Feasibility Study Of Loess Stabilization And Waste Concrete Recycling, Zhen Liu Jan 2015

Applications Of Geopolymer In Civil Engineering: Feasibility Study Of Loess Stabilization And Waste Concrete Recycling, Zhen Liu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The fast growing population and economic development have resulted in an increasing demand for residential and commercial buildings and infrastructures. However, there are problems identified to fulfill this demand, including that (1) problematic soils need to be treated/improved before the construction of building and infrastructures; (2) the Portland cement industry, which is used for concrete production and as the conventional soil stabilizer, is not environment friendly; (3) qualified natural aggregates for concrete production are being depleted; and (4) great amount of construction & demolition waste (C&D waste) is being produced every year. This means that green materials and recycling the …


Physics And Applications Of A Pdms Based Centrifugal Microfluidic System, Ziliang Cai Jan 2015

Physics And Applications Of A Pdms Based Centrifugal Microfluidic System, Ziliang Cai

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The objective of this research work is to develop a centrifugal microfluidic system for general purposes based on microfabrication technologies including SU-8 photolithography, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) casting. The main contribution of this research is to integrate a flyball governor system into the polymer based centrifugal microfluidic platform. A series of function units are developed based on this unique mechanism. In the first part, three pinch valve systems were designed and tested. The first one is based on the magnetic force and the second one is on the basis of spring force and the last one is a membrane valve. All valving …


Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno Jan 2015

Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Double-bond isomerization of internal C16-C18 olefins is a necessary step in the production of paper sizing agents. In this work, the properties that enable long-lasting solid acid catalysts (both commercial and lab-synthesized) were identified, the efficacy of regenerated solid acid catalysts was tested, and the feasibility of organometallic chain-walking catalysts (both homogeneous and polymer-supported) for olefin isomerization was evaluated. Hexadecene isomerization was investigated using perfluorinated ion exchange resins (Nafion®) supported on SiO2 or Al2O3, sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) resins (PS-DVBs), tungstated zirconias, and acidic zeolites. Selected catalysts underwent lifetime studies. Oversulfonated PS-DVBs (e.g., Amberlyst 35) were reasonably selective with long lifetimes, only …


Developing Co-Current And Counter-Current Spray Drying Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Simulation Studies To Predict The Quality Of Microencapsulated Fish Oil With Egg White Hydrolysates Powders, Kevin Estuardo Mis Solval Jan 2015

Developing Co-Current And Counter-Current Spray Drying Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Simulation Studies To Predict The Quality Of Microencapsulated Fish Oil With Egg White Hydrolysates Powders, Kevin Estuardo Mis Solval

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Eggs are an excellent source of high quality protein containing all essential amino acids (EAA) including leucine. Food-grade protein hydrolysates can enhance the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Thermal degradation of bioactives normally occurs during microencapsulation by spray drying. Spray drying modeling using computational tools is essential to engineer new food powders and to minimize and thermal degradation of bioactives. The first chapter of this work discusses the optimization of an enzymatic process in terms of reaction temperature, pH, enzyme:substrate ratio, and reaction time using a response surface methodology (RSM) to produce food-grade protein hydrolysates from egg whites (EWH). …


Release, Stability And Functionality Of Nanodelivered Hydrophobic (Lutein And Beta-Carotene) And Hydrophilic (Folic Acid) Antioxidants Using Zein Nanoparticles, Thanida Chuacharoen Jan 2015

Release, Stability And Functionality Of Nanodelivered Hydrophobic (Lutein And Beta-Carotene) And Hydrophilic (Folic Acid) Antioxidants Using Zein Nanoparticles, Thanida Chuacharoen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Nanodelivery systems enable innovations that can benefit foods and human health on a large scale in the coming years. The instabilities of antioxidants during food processing and during digestion are drawbacks that can be successfully addressed by nanoentrapment. This research provided technical strategies to synthesize zein nanoparticles loaded with hydrophobic/hydrophilic antioxidants, and to study the release profiles and physical stability of nanocarriers and chemical stability of entrapped bioactives under on-shelf and GI conditions. The results supported the potential of zein nanoparticles stabilized by surfactants to improve chemical stability of entrapped lutein, and to slowly release lutein under PBS conditions. Same …


Evaluation Of Louisiana Friction Rating Table By Field Measurements, Yogendra Prasad Subedi Jan 2015

Evaluation Of Louisiana Friction Rating Table By Field Measurements, Yogendra Prasad Subedi

LSU Master's Theses

This study aims to evaluate the current Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) friction rating table by field measurements and provide recommendations for the frictional mix design guidelines. The current friction rating table is based on the Polished Stone Value (PSV) of coarse aggregate as the only surface friction guideline in a wearing course mixture design, which is only one of many factors that affect the pavement surface friction. To achieve the objective, the pavement surface friction and texture properties were measured using Lock-Wheel Skid Trailer (LWST), Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT) and Circular Track Meter (CTM). Twenty two different …