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Articles 91 - 105 of 105
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Synthesis Of Biopolymer Materials Tailored For Biological Applications, Nathan P. Birch
Synthesis Of Biopolymer Materials Tailored For Biological Applications, Nathan P. Birch
Doctoral Dissertations
Biopolymers are able to address a wide variety of medical concerns from chronic wounds to stem cell cultivation to antibacterial and antifouling applications. They are non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible, making them ideal candidates for creating green materials for biological applications. In this thesis, we cover the synthesis of two novel materials from the biopolymers, chitosan and pectin. Chitosan is a biocompatible antibacterial polycation and pectin is an anti-inflammatory polyanion with a strong propensity for hydrogen-bonding. The two chitosan:pectin materials, particles and hydrogels, explore some of the structures that can be created by tuning the electrostatic interactions between chitosan and pectin. …
Seismic Behavior Of Concrete Frames With Jacketed Columns, Jose Alvarez
Seismic Behavior Of Concrete Frames With Jacketed Columns, Jose Alvarez
Doctoral Dissertations
Research on jacketed reinforced concrete (RC) columns is well established and growing. The existing studies describe the ability of jackets to rehabilitate RC columns for seismic demands. The system in the studies has proven to upgrade both strength and ductility of their unretrofitted counterparts, concentrated on repairs of deficiencies, currently in columns designed with old code provisions. These deficiencies include: low shear strength, insufficient core confinement, and short lap-splices, in particular within the plastic hinge zone. Columns with these deficiencies usually have brittle failures and cannot develop displacement ductility ( ) greater than 2. Research results on columns retrofitted with …
Effects Of Sulfidation On The Deposition And Detachment Of Silver Nanoparticles, Joseph Murphy
Effects Of Sulfidation On The Deposition And Detachment Of Silver Nanoparticles, Joseph Murphy
Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects
The transformation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to environmental factors can play a role in their fate and transport in aquatic systems. Sulfidation has the potential to alter these particles’ physio-chemical properties and their subsequent mobilization in aquatic environments. The water chemistry (e.g. pH, dissolved organic carbon) of these systems can also change the behavior of AgNPs. To better understand the effects of sulfidation on the characteristics and deposition of AgNPs, techniques such as quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used. In this study, AgNPs with two different ligand types, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-capped AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs) and Polyethylene …
Evaluation Of Disinfection Byproduct Speciation Models Based On Biodegradation And Chemical Decomposition, Xian Ma
Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects
The USEPA has regulated both chlorinated and brominated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) since Stage 2 D/DBP Rule. Among regulated species, all four chlorinated and brominated THMs are regulated as total TTHMs (TTHM). But of the nine HAAs, only the sum of five (HAA5) are regulated, with no detail on individual species. This leaves four unregulated HAAs of which all contain bromine. With more attention on the brominated haloacetic acids due to their higher toxicity, the focus on the formation of those unregulated brominated species is elevated. The objective of this study is to assess national occurrence of all …
Investigation Of Safety At Toll Plazas Through Microsimulation And Driving Simulation Approaches, Foroogh Sadat Hajiseyedjavadi
Investigation Of Safety At Toll Plazas Through Microsimulation And Driving Simulation Approaches, Foroogh Sadat Hajiseyedjavadi
Transportation Engineering Masters Projects
Toll plazas are one of the critical components of a roadway system for capital financing, infrastructure maintenance revenue, or traffic maintenance and congestion control strategies. At the same time, they are among the most complex road structures, as drivers are exposed to a large amount of information and have a short amount of time to make a decision. Since the advent of electronic toll collection (ETC) technology, the complexity of toll plazas has greatly increased. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of toll plaza design and traffic conditions on drivers’ behavior and level of safety. This …
River And Stream Power Assessment Report Including Culvert And Bridge Vulnerability Analysis: Deerfield River Basin, Massachusetts And Vermont, James G. Macbroom, Roy Schiff, Jessica Louisos
River And Stream Power Assessment Report Including Culvert And Bridge Vulnerability Analysis: Deerfield River Basin, Massachusetts And Vermont, James G. Macbroom, Roy Schiff, Jessica Louisos
Water Reports
This geomorphic assessment of Deerfield River in western Massachusetts and southern Vermont has been prepared by Milone & MacBroom, Inc. (MMI) on behalf of the University of Massachusetts as part of its "Farms, Floods, and FGM" project, funded by the United States Department of Agriculture – National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Integrated Water Quality Program(USDA – NIFA NIWQP) program. This project is a broad-based geomorphic assessment of the Deerfield River and its adjacent riparian corridor to define its characteristics, processes, and management issues. The river channel is used extensively for hydroelectric power generation and recreation, with agricultural …
Environmental Implications Of Nanotechnology, Boris Lau, Joann Mariie Rodríguez
Environmental Implications Of Nanotechnology, Boris Lau, Joann Mariie Rodríguez
Science and Engineering Saturday Seminars
No abstract provided.
Wood Studio Workshop, Peggi Clouston, Rommel L Cordova‐Fiori
Wood Studio Workshop, Peggi Clouston, Rommel L Cordova‐Fiori
Science and Engineering Saturday Seminars
No abstract provided.
Superhero Robotics, Frank Sup, Brian Umberger, Nick Sawyer
Superhero Robotics, Frank Sup, Brian Umberger, Nick Sawyer
Science and Engineering Saturday Seminars
No abstract provided.
Rheological Characterization Of Liquid-To-Solid Transitions In Bulk Polyelectrolyte Complexes, Yalin Liu, Brian Momani, H. Henning Winter, Sarah L. Perry
Rheological Characterization Of Liquid-To-Solid Transitions In Bulk Polyelectrolyte Complexes, Yalin Liu, Brian Momani, H. Henning Winter, Sarah L. Perry
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Polyelectrolyte complexation has long been known to result in both liquid and solid complexes. However, the exact nature of the liquid-to-solid transition remains an open question. We have used rheology to explain this phenomenon for the model system of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid, sodium salt) (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) in the presence of potassium bromide (KBr). The use of a time-salt superposition allows for a detailed analysis of changes in the linear viscoelastic response for both liquid complex coacervates and solid polyelectrolyte complexes as a function of salt concentration, and facilitates unambiguous determination of the mechanism for this phase transition. …
The Effect Of Comb Architecture On Complex Coacervation, Brandon M. Johnston, Cameron W. Johnston, Rachel A. Letteri, Tyler K. Lytle, Charles E. Sing, Todd Emrick, Sarah L. Perry
The Effect Of Comb Architecture On Complex Coacervation, Brandon M. Johnston, Cameron W. Johnston, Rachel A. Letteri, Tyler K. Lytle, Charles E. Sing, Todd Emrick, Sarah L. Perry
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Complex coacervation is a widely utilized technique for effecting phase separation, though predictive understanding of molecular-level details remains underdeveloped. Here, we couple coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations with experimental efforts using a polypeptide-based model system to investigate how a comb-like architecture affects complex coacervation and coacervate stability. Specifically, the phase separation behavior of linear polycation-linear polyanion pairs was compared to that of comb polycation-linear polyanion and comb polycation-comb polyanion pairs. The comb architecture was found to mitigate cooperative interactions between oppositely charged polymers, as no discernible phase separation was observed for comb-comb pairs and complex coacervation of linear-linear pairs yielded stable …
A Student-Created, Open Access, Living Textbook, Sualyneth Galarza, Sarah L. Perry, Shelly Peyton
A Student-Created, Open Access, Living Textbook, Sualyneth Galarza, Sarah L. Perry, Shelly Peyton
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Textbooks are expensive, updated infrequently, and rarely used effectively by students. We discuss here a way for students to create the textbook for the course, helping them feel ownership over the course material. This Wiki-based, student-created textbook is online free for use, widely accessible by all, and editable during the course of and as topics evolve. This type of textbook format is particularly well suited to upper-level electives on topics that are rapidly emerging. We have nucleated a student created textbook here, fully online and open access, for two upper elective courses in chemical engineering. Wikis offer an easy-to-learn platform …
Microfluidics: From Crystallization To Serial Time-Resolved Crystallography, Shuo Sui, Sarah L. Perry
Microfluidics: From Crystallization To Serial Time-Resolved Crystallography, Shuo Sui, Sarah L. Perry
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Capturing protein structural dynamics in real-time has tremendous potential in elucidating biological functions and providing information for structure-based drug design. While time-resolved structure determination has long been considered inaccessible for a vast majority of protein targets, serial methods for crystallography have remarkable potential in facilitating such analyses. Here, we review the impact of microfluidic technologies on protein crystal growth and X-ray diffraction analysis. In particular, we focus on applications of microfluidics for use in serial crystallography experiments for the time-resolved determination of protein structural dynamics.
Sequence And Entropy-Based Control Of Complex Coacervates, Li-Wei Chang, Tyler K. Lytle, Mithun Radhakrishna, Joel J. Madinya, Jon Vélez, Charles E. Sing, Sarah L. Perry
Sequence And Entropy-Based Control Of Complex Coacervates, Li-Wei Chang, Tyler K. Lytle, Mithun Radhakrishna, Joel J. Madinya, Jon Vélez, Charles E. Sing, Sarah L. Perry
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Biomacromolecules rely on the precise placement of monomers to encode information for structure, function, and physiology. Efforts to emulate this complexity via the synthetic control of chemical sequence in polymers are finding success; however, there is little understanding of how to translate monomer sequence to physical material properties. Here we establish design rules for implementing this sequence-control in materials known as complex coacervates. These materials are formed by the associative phase separation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes into polyelectrolyte dense (coacervate) and polyelectrolyte dilute (supernatant) phases. We demonstrate that patterns of charges can profoundly affect the charge–charge associations that drive this …
Strain-Stiffening Gels Based On Latent Crosslinking, Yen H. Tran, Matthew J. Rasmuson, Todd Emrick, John Klier, Shelly Peyton
Strain-Stiffening Gels Based On Latent Crosslinking, Yen H. Tran, Matthew J. Rasmuson, Todd Emrick, John Klier, Shelly Peyton
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Gels are an increasingly important class of soft materials with applications ranging from regenerative medicine to commodity materials. A major drawback of gels is their relative mechanical weakness, which worsens further under strain. We report a new class of responsive gels with latent crosslinking moieties that exhibit strain-stiffening behavior. This property results from the lability of disulfides, initially isolated in a protected state, then activated to crosslink on-demand. The active thiol groups are induced to form inter-chain crosslinks when subjected to mechanical compression, resulting in a gel that strengthens under strain. Molecular shielding design elements regulate the strain-sensitivity and spontaneous …