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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Carbon Oxidation At The Atomic Level: A Computational Study On Oxidative Graphene Etching And Pitting Of Graphitic Carbon Surfaces, Simon Schmitt
Carbon Oxidation At The Atomic Level: A Computational Study On Oxidative Graphene Etching And Pitting Of Graphitic Carbon Surfaces, Simon Schmitt
Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical Engineering
In order to understand the oxidation of solid carbon materials by oxygen-containing gases, carbon oxidation has to be studied on the atomic level where the surface reactions occur. Graphene and graphite are etched by oxygen to form characteristic pits that are scattered across the material surface, and pitting in turn leads to microstructural changes that determine the macroscopic oxidation behavior. While this is a well-documented phenomenon, it is heretofore poorly understood due to the notorious difficulty of experiments and a lack of comprehensive computational studies. The main objective of the present work is the development of a computational framework from …
Numerical Modeling And Isotope Tracers To Investigate Karst Biogeochemistry And Transport Processes, Admin Husic
Numerical Modeling And Isotope Tracers To Investigate Karst Biogeochemistry And Transport Processes, Admin Husic
Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering
This dissertation investigated the physical and biogeochemical processes affecting the source, fate, and transport of sediment, carbon, and nitrogen within a highly-coupled fluviokarst system. Elemental and isotopic datasets were collected at surface and subsurface locations for both dissolved and particulate contaminant phases, new methodology regarding data collection was presented to the karst research community, an in-cave sediment transport model coupling physical transport with elemental and isotopic mass balances of carbon and nitrogen was formulated, pathway and process control on nitrate leaching from agricultural karst watersheds was assessed, and nitrate mobilization and fractionation were modeled using high frequency storm sampling and …
Carbon Particles, Stephen M. Lipka, Christopher R. Swartz
Carbon Particles, Stephen M. Lipka, Christopher R. Swartz
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
A composition generally includes carbon particles. The particles are prepared by dissolving a carbohydrate-based precursor in water to form a precursor solution and placing the precursor solution in a pressure vessel. The precursor solution is placed in a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is heated to a reaction temperature to form carbon particles. The carbon particles are subjected to a chemical activation and a physical activation. The composition includes, by weight, about 5% to about 30% oxygen.
Isotope-Based Fluvial Organic Carbon (Isofloc) Model: Model Formulation, Sensitivity, And Evaluation, William I. Ford, James F. Fox
Isotope-Based Fluvial Organic Carbon (Isofloc) Model: Model Formulation, Sensitivity, And Evaluation, William I. Ford, James F. Fox
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications
Watershed-scale carbon budgets remain poorly understood, in part due to inadequate simulation tools to assess in-stream carbon fate and transport. A new numerical model termed ISOtope-based FLuvial Organic Carbon (ISOFLOC) is formulated to simulate the fluvial organic carbon budget in watersheds where hydrologic, sediment transport, and biogeochemical processes are coupled to control benthic and transported carbon composition and flux. One ISOFLOC innovation is the formulation of new stable carbon isotope model subroutines that include isotope fractionation processes in order to estimate carbon isotope source, fate, and transport. A second innovation is the coupling of …
Contaminant-Tolerant Solvent And Stripping Chemical And Process For Using Same For Carbon Capture From Combustion Gases, Kunlei Liu, James K. Neathery, Joseph E. Remias
Contaminant-Tolerant Solvent And Stripping Chemical And Process For Using Same For Carbon Capture From Combustion Gases, Kunlei Liu, James K. Neathery, Joseph E. Remias
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
A contaminant-tolerant hybrid scrubbing solvent is provided for post-combustion CO2 capture and removal, the scrubbing solvent including an amine and a low fraction of ammonia. A stripping carrier having a low latent energy is included for solvent regeneration. In one embodiment, the amine is MEA and the stripping chemical having low latent energy is pentane or an isomer thereof. Processes and apparatus for CO2 removal from post-combustion gases and for solvent regeneration are described.
Catechol Oxidation By Ozone And Hydroxyl Radicals At The Air-Water Interface, Elizabeth A. Pillar, Robert C. Camm, Marcelo I. Guzman
Catechol Oxidation By Ozone And Hydroxyl Radicals At The Air-Water Interface, Elizabeth A. Pillar, Robert C. Camm, Marcelo I. Guzman
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Anthropogenic emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons promptly react with hydroxyl radicals undergoing oxidation to form phenols and polyphenols (e.g., catechol) typically identified in the complex mixture of humic-like substances (HULIS). Because further processing of polyphenols in secondary organic aerosols (SOA) can continue mediated by a mechanism of ozonolysis at interfaces, a better understanding about how these reactions proceed at the air–water interface is needed. This work shows how catechol, a molecular probe of the oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons present in SOA, can contribute interfacial reactive species that enhance the production of HULIS under atmospheric conditions. Reactive semiquinone radicals are quickly produced upon …
On Electric Conduction Of Amorphous Silicon Carbonitride Derived From A Polymeric Precursor, Yaohan Chen, Fuqian Yang, Linan An
On Electric Conduction Of Amorphous Silicon Carbonitride Derived From A Polymeric Precursor, Yaohan Chen, Fuqian Yang, Linan An
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
A long-existing problem that the conductivity of amorphous silicon carbonitrides derived from polymeric precursor increases significantly with pyrolysis temperature is investigated. We show that the conductivity exhibited an Arrhenius dependence on pyrolysis temperature, with the activation energy of ∼3.41 eV. Structural analysis using Raman spectroscopy reveals that the free carbon within the material undergoes a sp3-to-sp2 transition as pyrolysis temperature increases, with the activation energy of ∼3.6 eV. We conclude that the pyrolysis-temperature induced increase in the conductivity is mainly due to the increase in the conductivity of the free carbon. A simple model is proposed to …
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon Foams For Repair And Reconstruction Of Bone Defects, Brock Holston Marrs, Rodney Andrews, Larry Cunningham Jr.
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon Foams For Repair And Reconstruction Of Bone Defects, Brock Holston Marrs, Rodney Andrews, Larry Cunningham Jr.
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
The present invention relates to a tissue scaffold and a method of preparing a tissue scaffold for implantation. The tissue scaffold includes a body having a graphite foam core. At least a first portion of the external surface of that graphite foam core is covered by a composite material to provide additional mechanical strength to the scaffold.
Method For Hydraulically Separating Carbon And Classifying Coal Combustion Ash, Thomas L. Robl, John Groppo
Method For Hydraulically Separating Carbon And Classifying Coal Combustion Ash, Thomas L. Robl, John Groppo
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
A method for selective separation of particles from a particle-containing material includes preparing a slurry of the particle-containing material and a dispersant, passing the slurry through a hydraulic classifier in a first direction, establishing a particle flow in a direction that is different from the first direction, and recovering particles having a mean particle size of about 2-7 μm. The flow of particles defines a cross-current flow relative to the slurry feed direction. The method further includes providing the classifier with an interior divider assembly defining at least one inclined channel. The divider assembly typically includes a plurality of substantially …
Process For The Continuous Production Of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, David N. Jacques, Rodney Andrews
Process For The Continuous Production Of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, David N. Jacques, Rodney Andrews
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
Novel methods and apparati for continuous production of aligned carbon nanotubes are disclosed. In one aspect, the method comprises dispersion of a metal catalyst in a liquid hydrocarbon to form a feed solution, and volatilizing the feed solution in a reactor through which a substrate is continuously passed to allow growth of nanotubes thereon. In another aspect, the apparatus comprises a reactor, a tube-within-a-tube injector, and a conveyor belt for passing a substrate through the reactor. The present invention further discloses a method for restricting the external diameter of carbon nanotubes produced thereby comprising passing the feed solution through injector …
Catalytic Conversion Of Hydrocarbons To Hydrogen And High-Value Carbon, Naresh Shah, Devadas Panjala, Gerald P. Huffman
Catalytic Conversion Of Hydrocarbons To Hydrogen And High-Value Carbon, Naresh Shah, Devadas Panjala, Gerald P. Huffman
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Patents
The present invention provides novel catalysts for accomplishing catalytic decomposition of undiluted light hydrocarbons to a hydrogen product, and methods for preparing such catalysts. In one aspect, a method is provided for preparing a catalyst by admixing an aqueous solution of an iron salt, at least one additional catalyst metal salt, and a suitable oxide substrate support, and precipitating metal oxyhydroxides onto the substrate support. An incipient wetness method, comprising addition of aqueous solutions of metal salts to a dry oxide substrate support, extruding the resulting paste to pellet form, and calcining the pellets in air is also discloses. In …
Polymethylmethacrylate Augmented With Carbon Nanotubes, David A. Pienkowski, Rodney J. Andrews
Polymethylmethacrylate Augmented With Carbon Nanotubes, David A. Pienkowski, Rodney J. Andrews
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
An augmented synthetic resin is provided. That resin includes carbon nanotubes dispersed in a polymethylmethacrylate matrix. The method of preparing this synthetic resin includes the mixing and disaggregating of the carbon nanotubes.
Carbon Fiber Filters, Marit Jagtoyen, Francis John Derbyshire, Rosemary Anne Alexander Derbyshire, Mario E. Tremblay, Steve G. Fishter, Dimitris I. Collias
Carbon Fiber Filters, Marit Jagtoyen, Francis John Derbyshire, Rosemary Anne Alexander Derbyshire, Mario E. Tremblay, Steve G. Fishter, Dimitris I. Collias
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
Disclosed is a filter comprised of activated carbon fibers, wherein said filter has a Virus Removal Index (hereafter “VRI”) of at least about 99%, as measured in accordance with the test method described in the specification. The filter may comprise unbound fibers, or the fibers may be bound with a binder to form a composite of fibers. Also disclosed is a method of removing viruses from a liquid, the method comprising contacting the liquid with a filter comprising activated carbon fibers wherein said filter has a VRI of at least about 99%. Also described is an article of manufacture comprising: …
Carbon Fiber For Air Filtration, Marit Jagtoyen, Francis J. Derbyshire, Rosemary Anne Alexander Derbyshire
Carbon Fiber For Air Filtration, Marit Jagtoyen, Francis J. Derbyshire, Rosemary Anne Alexander Derbyshire
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
Described are filters containing free-activated carbon fibers or activated carbon fibers in the form of a composite used for filtering a variety of contaminants, including pathogens, from air. These filters can provide effective and efficient removal of contaminants from air, requiring only short contact time between the air being filtered and the filter itself, with only a minimum pressure drop across the filter. The characteristics of these filters allow for effective filtration with only thin filter layers being required. The process of filtering air utilizing these filters is also disclosed.
Polymethylmethacrylate Augmented With Carbon Nanotubes, David A. Pienkowski, Rodney J. Andrews
Polymethylmethacrylate Augmented With Carbon Nanotubes, David A. Pienkowski, Rodney J. Andrews
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
An augmented synthetic resin is provided. That resin includes carbon nanotubes dispersed in a polymethylmethacrylate matrix. The method of preparing this synthetic resin includes the mixing and disaggregating of the carbon nanotubes.
Activated Carbon And Process For Making Same, Francis John Derbyshire, Marit Jagtoyen
Activated Carbon And Process For Making Same, Francis John Derbyshire, Marit Jagtoyen
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Patents
A process is described for the manufacture of activated carbon in the form of a powder, as granules or as extrudates. The process includes treating a biomass feedstock, such as woods, coconut shells, fruit pits, peats, lignites and all ranks of coal with a processing agent and an activation agent. The processing agent may be a natural or synthetic monomer, oligomer, polymer or mixtures thereof capable of interacting or co-polymerizing with the biomass feedstock. The activation agent may be, for example, phosphoric acid, zinc chloride or mixtures thereof. A high surface area, high hardness extruded activated carbon may be produced …
Method Of Removing Carbon From Fly Ash, John Groppo, Steven M. Brooks
Method Of Removing Carbon From Fly Ash, John Groppo, Steven M. Brooks
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents
An improved froth flotation method is provided for the removal and recovery of an ultra-fine constituent such as carbon from tailings such as fly ash. A flotation apparatus is utilized that preferably includes a slurry conditioning tank and a flotation cell. The method of the present invention comprises the improvement of utilizing a flotation reagent formulation comprising a mixture of fuel oil and petroleum sulfonate. The method broadly includes the steps of (1) producing a slurry, or solid suspension, of the material containing the constituent to be recovered by adding a preselected amount of water or other slurrying liquid; (2) …