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Articles 1 - 30 of 121
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Small-Pore Zeolite Membranes: A Review Of Gas Separation Applications And Membrane Preparation, Zishu Cao, Ninad Anjikar, Shaowei Yang
Small-Pore Zeolite Membranes: A Review Of Gas Separation Applications And Membrane Preparation, Zishu Cao, Ninad Anjikar, Shaowei Yang
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
There have been significant advancements in small-pore zeolite membranes in recent years. With pore size closely related to many energy- or environment-related gas molecules, small-pore zeolite membranes have demonstrated great potential for the separation of some interested gas pairs, such as CO2/CH4, CO2/N-2 and N-2/CH4. Small-pore zeolite membranes share some characteristics but also have distinctive differences depending on their framework, structure and zeolite chemistry. Through this mini review, the separation performance of different types of zeolite membranes with respect to interested gas pairs will be compared. We aim to give readers an idea of membrane separation status. A few representative …
Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Role Of Inflammatory Niche And Adult Cardiomyocyte Coculture On Differentiation, Matrix Synthesis, And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Jyotsna Joshi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiomyocyte death, provokes innate immune response, and initiates tissue remodeling. The intrinsic healing process is insufficient to replace the lost cells, or regenerate and restore the functional features of the native myocardium. Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation is being explored to offer therapeutic potential after MI. Here, we cultured human BM-MSC spheroids in three-dimensional collagenous gels for 28 days under exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (+ TNFα), and coculture with adult human cardiomyocytes, or with conditioned media (CM) pooled from TNFα-stimulated adult cardiomyocytes. MSC differentiation marker (CD90, GATA4, cTnI, cTnT, Cx43, MHC, α-actin) …
Microglia Control Vascular Architecture Via A Tgfβ1 Dependent Paracrine Mechanism Linked To Tissue Mechanics, Tejasvi Dudiki, Julia Meller, Gautam Mahajan, Huan Liu, Irina Zhevlakova, Samantha Stefl, Conner Witherow, Eugene Podrez, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Tatiana V. Byzova
Microglia Control Vascular Architecture Via A Tgfβ1 Dependent Paracrine Mechanism Linked To Tissue Mechanics, Tejasvi Dudiki, Julia Meller, Gautam Mahajan, Huan Liu, Irina Zhevlakova, Samantha Stefl, Conner Witherow, Eugene Podrez, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Tatiana V. Byzova
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2020, The Author(s). Tissue microarchitecture and mechanics are important in development and pathologies of the Central Nervous System (CNS); however, their coordinating mechanisms are unclear. Here, we report that during colonization of the retina, microglia contacts the deep layer of high stiffness, which coincides with microglial bipolarization, reduction in TGFβ1 signaling and termination of vascular growth. Likewise, stiff substrates induce microglial bipolarization and diminish TGFβ1 expression in hydrogels. Both microglial bipolarization in vivo and the responses to stiff substrates in vitro require intracellular adaptor Kindlin3 but not microglial integrins. Lack of Kindlin3 causes high microglial contractility, dysregulation of ERK …
Mixing Optimization In Grooved Serpentine Microchannels, Tyler Rhoades, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Petru S. Fodor
Mixing Optimization In Grooved Serpentine Microchannels, Tyler Rhoades, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli, Petru S. Fodor
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Computational fluid dynamics modeling at Reynolds numbers ranging from 10 to 100 was used to characterize the performance of a new type of micromixer employing a serpentine channel with a grooved surface. The new topology exploits the overlap between the typical Dean flows present in curved channels due to the centrifugal forces experienced by the fluids, and the helical flows induced by slanted groove-ridge patterns with respect to the direction of the flow. The resulting flows are complex, with multiple vortices and saddle points, leading to enhanced mixing across the section …
Integral Mass Balance (Imb) Method For Measuring Multicomponent Gas Adsorption Equilibria In Nanoporous Materials, Darren P. Broom, Orhan Talu, Michael J. Benham
Integral Mass Balance (Imb) Method For Measuring Multicomponent Gas Adsorption Equilibria In Nanoporous Materials, Darren P. Broom, Orhan Talu, Michael J. Benham
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2020 American Chemical Society. To assess the performance of an adsorbent for a particular gas separation, and for process design, it is necessary to determine multicomponent gas adsorption equilibria, either experimentally or from predictions based on models or theory. The experimental techniques commonly used for this purpose, however, are time-consuming and typically require large samples. In this article, we describe a new approach, called the Integral Mass Balance (IMB) method, which combines the controlled flow of a gas mixture with in situ gravimetric measurement and gas composition analysis using quadrupole mass spectrometry. The IMB method allows very rapid equilibrium …
Periodic Operation Of A Dynamic Dna Origami Structure Utilizing The Hydrophilic–Hydrophobic Phase‐Transition Of Stimulus‐Sensitive Polypeptides, Marisa A. Goetzfried, Kilian Vogele, Andrea Mückl, Marcus Kaiser, Nolan B. Holland, Friedrich C. Simmel, Tobias Pirzer
Periodic Operation Of A Dynamic Dna Origami Structure Utilizing The Hydrophilic–Hydrophobic Phase‐Transition Of Stimulus‐Sensitive Polypeptides, Marisa A. Goetzfried, Kilian Vogele, Andrea Mückl, Marcus Kaiser, Nolan B. Holland, Friedrich C. Simmel, Tobias Pirzer
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Dynamic DNA nanodevices are designed to perform structure‐encoded motion actuated by a variety of different physicochemical stimuli. In this context, hybrid devices utilizing other components than DNA have the potential to considerably expand the library of functionalities. Here, the reversible reconfiguration of a DNA origami structure using the stimulus sensitivity of elastin‐like polypeptides is reported. To this end, a rectangular sheet made using the DNA origami technique is functionalized with these peptides and by applying changes in salt concentration the hydrophilic–hydrophobic phase transition of these peptides actuate the folding of the structure. The on‐demand and reversible switching of the rectangle …
Alterations In Phenotype And Gene Expression Of Adult Human Aneurysmal Smooth Muscle Cells By Exogenous Nitric Oxide, Kurt Farrell, Phillip Simmers, Gautam Mahajana, Ludovic Boytard, Andrew Camardo, Jyotsna Joshi, Anand Ramamurthi, Florence Pine, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Alterations In Phenotype And Gene Expression Of Adult Human Aneurysmal Smooth Muscle Cells By Exogenous Nitric Oxide, Kurt Farrell, Phillip Simmers, Gautam Mahajana, Ludovic Boytard, Andrew Camardo, Jyotsna Joshi, Anand Ramamurthi, Florence Pine, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are characterized by matrix remodeling, elastin degradation, absence of nitric oxide (NO) signaling, and inflammation, influencing smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and gene expression. Little is known about the biomolecular release and intrinsic biomechanics of human AAA-SMCs. NO delivery could be an attractive therapeutic strategy to restore lost functionality of AAA-SMCs by inhibiting inflammation and cell stiffening. We aim to establish the differences in phenotype and gene expression of adult human AAA-SMCs from healthy SMCs. Based on our previous study which showed benefits of optimal NO dosage delivered via S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to healthy aortic SMCs, we …
Synthesis And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids Within Three-Dimensional Collagen Hydrogels: Integrating Experiments And Modelling, Jyotsna Joshi, Mohammadreza Dehghan Abnavi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Synthesis And Secretome Release By Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids Within Three-Dimensional Collagen Hydrogels: Integrating Experiments And Modelling, Jyotsna Joshi, Mohammadreza Dehghan Abnavi, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Myocardial infarction results in loss of cardiac cell types, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and fibrotic scar. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is being explored as they could differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells, integrate into host tissue, and enhance resident cell activity. The ability of these cells to restore lost ECM, remodel the inflammatory scar tissue, and repair the injured myocardium remains unexplored. We here elucidated the synthesis and deposition of ECM (e.g., elastin, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, collagen type III, laminin, fibrillin, lysyl oxidase, and nitric oxide synthases), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs), and other secretome …
Biophysical And Biomechanical Properties Of Neural Progenitor Cells As Indicators Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Gautam Mahajan, Moo-Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Biophysical And Biomechanical Properties Of Neural Progenitor Cells As Indicators Of Developmental Neurotoxicity, Gautam Mahajan, Moo-Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Conventional in vitro toxicity studies have focused on identifying IC50 and the underlying mechanisms, but how toxicants influence biophysical and biomechanical changes in human cells, especially during developmental stages, remain understudied. Here, using an atomic force microscope, we characterized changes in biophysical (cell area, actin organization) and biomechanical (Young's modulus, force of adhesion, tether force, membrane tension, tether radius) aspects of human fetal brain-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) induced by four classes of widely used toxic compounds, including rotenone, digoxin, N-arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), and chlorpyrifos, under exposure up to 36 h. The sub-cellular mechanisms (apoptosis, mitochondria membrane potential, DNA damage, glutathione …
Primary Dendrite Trunk Diameter In Al-7wt% Si Alloy Directionally Solidified Aboard The International Space Station, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari, M. Ghodes, R. N. Grugel, D. R. Poirier, M. Lauer
Primary Dendrite Trunk Diameter In Al-7wt% Si Alloy Directionally Solidified Aboard The International Space Station, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari, M. Ghodes, R. N. Grugel, D. R. Poirier, M. Lauer
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Under a NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Agency)-ESA (European Space Agency) collaborative research project, MICAST (Microstructure formation in casting of technical alloys under a diffusive and magnetically controlled convection conditions), three Al-7wt% Si samples (MICAST-6, MICAST-7 and MICAST2-12) were directionally solidified at growth speeds varying from 10 to 50 µm s-1 aboard the International Space Station to determine the effect of mitigating convection on the primary dendrite array. The observed primary dendrite trunk diameters during steady-state growth of MICAST samples show a good agreement with predictions from a coarsening based model developed by the authors. The trunk diameters in …
Effect Of Cross-Section-Change Induced Advective Flow On The Primary Dendrite Array Morphology Of Hypoeutectic Pb-Sb Alloys During Directional Solidification, K. Pandit, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari
Effect Of Cross-Section-Change Induced Advective Flow On The Primary Dendrite Array Morphology Of Hypoeutectic Pb-Sb Alloys During Directional Solidification, K. Pandit, S. R. Upadhyay, Surendra N. Tewari
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
The morphology and distribution of primary dendrites have been examined in Pb-2.2, 5.8 and 10.8 wt. pct. Sb alloy samples directionally solidified (DSed) in ampoules shaped like an hour-glass to examine the influence of cross-section change induced advective flow on the cellular/dendritic interface. This sample design increases the advective flow of the melt towards the array tips, as the liquid-solid interface enters the neck of the ampoule, and then decreases it as the interface exits the neck. The warm solute-rich melt flowing towards the growth front suppresses the extent of side-branching, decreases the primary dendrite spacing, and increases the primary …
Combined Effect Of Oxidative Treatment And Residual Alcohol On The Mechanics Of A Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Laden Interface, William Ivancic, Christopher L. Wirth
Combined Effect Of Oxidative Treatment And Residual Alcohol On The Mechanics Of A Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Laden Interface, William Ivancic, Christopher L. Wirth
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Single and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT & MWCNT) have been investigated over the past three decades because of their excellent properties, including their mechanical strength and large electrical and thermal conductivities. Incorporating CNTs into consumer and industrial products is challenging because of strong attractive interactions, heterogeneity, and lack of separation techniques for these nanomaterials. Further challenges include those associated with CNT interaction and adsorption to interfaces. In the present work, the properties of an air/water interface laden with industrial grade MWCNTs with systematically varied oxidative treatment in nitric acid were measured. The duration of treatment was varied and the surface …
A Reference High-Pressure Co2 Adsorption Isotherm For Ammonium Zsm-5 Zeolite: Results Of An Interlaboratory Study, H. G.T. Nguyen, L. Espinal, R. D. Van Zee, M. Thommes, B. Toman, M. S.L. Hudson, E. Mangano, S. Brandani, D. P. Broom, M. J. Benham, K. Cychosz, P. Bertier, F. Yang, B. M. Krooss, R. L. Siegelman, M. Hakuman, K. Nakai, A. D. Ebner, L. Erden, J. A. Ritter, A. Moran, Orhan Talu, Y. Huang, K. S. Walton, P. Billemont, G. De Weireld
A Reference High-Pressure Co2 Adsorption Isotherm For Ammonium Zsm-5 Zeolite: Results Of An Interlaboratory Study, H. G.T. Nguyen, L. Espinal, R. D. Van Zee, M. Thommes, B. Toman, M. S.L. Hudson, E. Mangano, S. Brandani, D. P. Broom, M. J. Benham, K. Cychosz, P. Bertier, F. Yang, B. M. Krooss, R. L. Siegelman, M. Hakuman, K. Nakai, A. D. Ebner, L. Erden, J. A. Ritter, A. Moran, Orhan Talu, Y. Huang, K. S. Walton, P. Billemont, G. De Weireld
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2018, The Author(s). This paper reports the results of an international interlaboratory study led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on the measurement of high-pressure surface excess carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms on NIST Reference Material RM 8852 (ammonium ZSM-5 zeolite), at 293.15 K (20 °C) from 1 kPa up to 4.5 MPa. Eleven laboratories participated in this exercise and, for the first time, high-pressure adsorption reference data are reported using a reference material. An empirical reference equation nex=d(1+exp[(-ln(P)+a)/b])c, [nex-surface excess uptake (mmol/g), P-equilibrium pressure (MPa), a = −6.22, b = 1.97, c = 4.73, and d …
Determination Of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Derived From Algae Scenedesmus Dimorphus Biomass By Gc-Ms With One-Step Esterification Of Free Fatty Acids And Transesterification Of Glycerolipids, Satya Girish Chandra Avula, Joanne M. Belovich, Yan Xu
Determination Of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Derived From Algae Scenedesmus Dimorphus Biomass By Gc-Ms With One-Step Esterification Of Free Fatty Acids And Transesterification Of Glycerolipids, Satya Girish Chandra Avula, Joanne M. Belovich, Yan Xu
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Algae can synthesize, accumulate and store large amounts of lipids in its cells, which holds immense potential as a renewable source of biodiesel. In this work, we have developed and validated a GC–MS method for quantitation of fatty acids and glycerolipids in forms of fatty acid methyl esters derived from algae biomass. Algae Scenedesmus dimorphus drymass was pulverized by mortar and pestle, then extracted by the modified Folch method and fractionated into free fatty acids and glycerolipids on aminopropyl solid-phase extraction cartridges. Fatty acid methyl esters were produced by an optimized one-step esterification of fatty acids and transesterification of glycerolipids …
Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury (Idili): Potential Mechanisms And Predictive Assays, Alexander D. Roth, Moo-Yeal Lee
Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury (Idili): Potential Mechanisms And Predictive Assays, Alexander D. Roth, Moo-Yeal Lee
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) is a significant source of drug recall and acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States. While current drug development processes emphasize general toxicity and drug metabolizing enzyme- (DME-) mediated toxicity, it has been challenging to develop comprehensive models for assessing complete idiosyncratic potential. In this review, we describe the enzymes and proteins that contain polymorphisms believed to contribute to IDILI, including ones that affect phase I and phase II metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, drug transporters, inflammation, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA). We then describe the various assays that have been developed to detect individual reactions …
Response Of A Doublet To A Nearby Dc Electrode Of Uniform Potential, Christopher L. Wirth, Sri Harsha Nuthalapati
Response Of A Doublet To A Nearby Dc Electrode Of Uniform Potential, Christopher L. Wirth, Sri Harsha Nuthalapati
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
The electric-field-assisted directed assembly of spherical colloidal particles near an electrode has been studied for nearly three decades. Recently, focus has shifted to the electric-field-assisted assembly and propulsion of nonspherical (i.e., anisotropic) particles. This paper describes calculations and results for a doublet of asymmetric ζ potential and size responding to a dc electric field. The doublet experienced a net vertical force that depended on both the asymmetry in ζ potential and lobe size. In addition, the doublet experienced a net lateral force perpendicular to the applied electric field. The lateral force depended on the difference in ζ potential of the …
Methodological Considerations Of Electron Spin Resonance Spin Trapping Techniques For Measuring Reactive Oxygen Species Generated From Metal Oxide Nanomaterials, Min Sook Jeong, Kyeong-Nam Yu, Hyun Hoon Chung, Soo Jin Park, Ah Young Lee, Mi Ryoung Song, Myung-Haing Cho, Jun Sung Kim
Methodological Considerations Of Electron Spin Resonance Spin Trapping Techniques For Measuring Reactive Oxygen Species Generated From Metal Oxide Nanomaterials, Min Sook Jeong, Kyeong-Nam Yu, Hyun Hoon Chung, Soo Jin Park, Ah Young Lee, Mi Ryoung Song, Myung-Haing Cho, Jun Sung Kim
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated on the surfaces of nanomaterials are important for understanding their toxicity and toxic mechanisms, which are in turn beneficial for manufacturing more biocompatible nanomaterials in many industrial fields. Electron spin resonance (ESR) is a useful tool for detecting ROS formation. However, using this technique without first considering the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and proper conditions of the spin trapping agent (such as incubation time) may lead to misinterpretation of the resulting data. In this report, we suggest methodological considerations for ESR as pertains to magnetism, sample preparation and proper incubation …
Sensitivity Of Neural Stem Cell Survival, Differentiation And Neurite Outgrowth Within 3d Hydrogels To Environmental Heavy Metals, Sameera Tasneem, Kurt Farrell, Moo Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Sensitivity Of Neural Stem Cell Survival, Differentiation And Neurite Outgrowth Within 3d Hydrogels To Environmental Heavy Metals, Sameera Tasneem, Kurt Farrell, Moo Yeal Lee, Chandrasekhar R. Kothapalli
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. We investigated the sensitivity of embryonic murine neural stem cells exposed to 10 pM-10. μM concentrations of three heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb), continuously for 14 days within 3D collagen hydrogels. Critical endpoints for neurogenesis such as survival, differentiation and neurite outgrowth were assessed. Results suggest significant compromise in cell viability within the first four days at concentrations ≥10. nM, while lower concentrations induced a more delayed effect. Mercury and lead suppressed neural differentiation at as low as 10 pM concentration within 7 days, while all three metals inhibited neural and glial differentiation by day …
High Surface Area And Z′ In A Thermally Stable 8-Fold Polycatenated Hydrogen-Bonded Framework, Cassandra A. Zentner, Holden W.H. Lai, Joshua T. Greenfield, Ren A. Wiscons, Matthias Zeller, Charles F. Campana, Orhan Talu, Stephen A. Fitzgerald, Jesse L.C. Rowsell
High Surface Area And Z′ In A Thermally Stable 8-Fold Polycatenated Hydrogen-Bonded Framework, Cassandra A. Zentner, Holden W.H. Lai, Joshua T. Greenfield, Ren A. Wiscons, Matthias Zeller, Charles F. Campana, Orhan Talu, Stephen A. Fitzgerald, Jesse L.C. Rowsell
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
1,3,5-Tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene assembles into an intricate 8-fold polycatenated assembly of (6,3) hexagonal nets formed through hydrogen bonds and π-stacking. One polymorph features 56 independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, the largest Z′ reported to date. The framework is permanently porous, with a BET surface area of 1095 m2 g−1 and readily adsorbs N2, H2 and CO2.
Substrate Concentration Influences Effective Radial Diffusion Coefficient In Canine Cortical Bone, Kurt Farrell, Daniel O’Conor, Mariela Gonzalez, Caroline Androjna, Ronald J. Midura, Surendra N. Tewari, Joanne M. Belovich
Substrate Concentration Influences Effective Radial Diffusion Coefficient In Canine Cortical Bone, Kurt Farrell, Daniel O’Conor, Mariela Gonzalez, Caroline Androjna, Ronald J. Midura, Surendra N. Tewari, Joanne M. Belovich
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Transport of nutrients and waste across osseous tissue is dependent on the dynamic micro and macrostructure of the tissue; however little quantitative data exists examining how this transport occurs across the entire tissue. Here we investigate in vitro radial diffusion across a section of canine tissue, at dimensions of several hundred microns to millimeters, specifically between several osteons connected through a porous microstructure of Volkmann's canals and canaliculi. The effective diffusion coefficient is measured by a "sample immersion" technique presented here, in which the tissue sample was immersed in solution for 18-30 h, image analysis software was used to quantify …
Evaluation Of An Inclined Gravity Settler For Microalgae Harvesting, Zhaowei Wang, Jing Hou, Dustin Bowden, Joanne M. Belovich
Evaluation Of An Inclined Gravity Settler For Microalgae Harvesting, Zhaowei Wang, Jing Hou, Dustin Bowden, Joanne M. Belovich
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND Given the small size of microalgae, and the low biomass concentrations obtained in light-limited cultures, the cost of algae harvesting is a significant barrier to commercial-scale production of biofuel from algae. A downward- flow inclined gravity settler was evaluated for its effectiveness in dewatering the microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus and Chlorella vulgaris. RESULTS Experimental results showed that S. dimorphus can be concentrated up to 8-fold using a single settler stage, with a biomass recovery of 80%. Separation efficiency was independent of biomass concentration between 1 and 5 gdw L-1, suggesting that a two-stage sequential system of settlers may maximize biomass …
Enzyme Attached On Polymeric Micelles As A Nanoscale Reactor, Moo-Yeal Lee, Kyung-Jin Hong, Seung Pil Han, Toshio Kajiuchi
Enzyme Attached On Polymeric Micelles As A Nanoscale Reactor, Moo-Yeal Lee, Kyung-Jin Hong, Seung Pil Han, Toshio Kajiuchi
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Similar to what lipase does, a surface-active enzyme was developed by attaching peroxidase on combshaped polymaleic anhydride-alt-1-tetradecene (PMA-TD) in a microemulsion system composed of n-butyl acetate and buffer solution, and its catalytic characteristics of polyphenol synthesis were investigated in an aqueous solution. The modified peroxidase with PMA-TD tended to form self-assembled aggregates like micelles in the aqueous solution and could be concentrated at solvent/water interfaces without unfolding of the enzyme. The efficiency of conversion of 2,4-dichlorophenol to phenolic oligomers was approximately 2-fold improved with the modified peroxidase compared to native peroxidase. The K m and V max values …
Minimal Medium For Optimal Growth And Lipid Production Of The Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus, Colin Welter, Jacob Schwenk, Bahar Kanani, John Van Blargan, Joanne M. Belovich
Minimal Medium For Optimal Growth And Lipid Production Of The Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus, Colin Welter, Jacob Schwenk, Bahar Kanani, John Van Blargan, Joanne M. Belovich
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
The culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus at the laboratory scale has often been in standard microalgae media, such as 3N-Basal Bold medium (3N-BB), which contains 15 different chemicals. Given the extremely tight profit margins of large-scale production of biofuel from microalgae, it is important to identify the minimally sufficient quantities of nutrients necessary to maximize lipid productivity. The individual and interactive effects of six groupings of the components of 3N-BB medium on growth rate, lipid content, and total biomass yield of S. dimorphus were determined. Trace metal and vitamin concentrations were reduced to 1/6 the level of 3N-BB medium without adversely …
A Direct Sampling Particle Filter From Approximate Conditional Density Function Supported On Constrained State Space, Sridhar Ungarala
A Direct Sampling Particle Filter From Approximate Conditional Density Function Supported On Constrained State Space, Sridhar Ungarala
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Constraints on the state vector must be taken into account in the state estimation problem. Recently, acceptance/rejection and projection methods are proposed in the particle filter framework for constraining the particles. A weighted least squares formulation is used for constraining samples in unscented and ensemble Kalman filters. In this paper, direct sampling from an approximate conditional probability density function (pdf) is proposed. It is obtained by approximating the a priori pdf as a Gaussian. The support of the conditional density is a subset of the intersection of two supports, the 3-sigma bounds of the priori Gaussian and the constrained state …
Doug Ruthven And Jorg Karger: Their Individual And Collective Contributions To The Field Of Zeolite Science And Engineering, Dhananjai B. Shah
Doug Ruthven And Jorg Karger: Their Individual And Collective Contributions To The Field Of Zeolite Science And Engineering, Dhananjai B. Shah
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Prof. Doug Ruthven and Prof. Jörg Kärger are two giants in the field of zeolite science and engineering. Over their academic careers encompassing almost forty years each, they have contributed significantly to the advancement of fundamental understanding of adsorption and diffusion in zeolites as well as their industrial applications. The author, in the beginning of his academic career, had an opportunity to spend two years as a post-doctoral fellow in Prof. Ruthven’s laboratory at the University of New Brunswick (1975–1977). This experience actually motivated me to spend my academic career in working in the field of zeolite adsorption and …
An Analytical Model For Rotator Cuff Repairs, A. Aurora, Jorge E. Gatica, A.J. Van Den Bogert, J. A. Mccarron, Kathleen A. Derwin
An Analytical Model For Rotator Cuff Repairs, A. Aurora, Jorge E. Gatica, A.J. Van Den Bogert, J. A. Mccarron, Kathleen A. Derwin
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Background: Currently, natural and synthetic scaffolds are being explored as augmentation devices for rotator cuff repair. When used in this manner, these devices are believed to offer some degree of load sharing; however, no studies have quantified this effect. Furthermore, the manner in which loads on an augmented rotator cuff repair are distributed among the various components of the repair is not known, nor is the relative biomechanical importance of each component. The objectives of this study are to (1) develop quasi-static analytical models of simplified rotator cuff repairs, (2) validate the models, and (3) predict the degree of …
A Simple Apparatus For Measuring Cell Settling Velocity, Zhaowei Wang, Joanne M. Belovich
A Simple Apparatus For Measuring Cell Settling Velocity, Zhaowei Wang, Joanne M. Belovich
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Accurate cell settling velocity determination is critical for perfusion culture using a gravity settler for cell retention. We have developed a simple apparatus (a 'settling column') for measuring settling velocity and have validated the procedure with 15-μm polystyrene particles with known physical properties. The measured settling velocity of the polystyrene particles is within 4% of the value obtained using the traditional Stokes' law approach. The settling velocities of three hybridoma cell lines were measured, resulting in up to twofold variation among cell lines, and the values decreased as the cell culture aged. The settling velocities of the nonviable cells were …
Ebc Development For Hot-Pressed Y2O3/Al2O3 Doped Silicon Nitride Ceramics, Sivakumar Ramasamy, Surendra N. Tewari, Kang N. Lee, Ramakrishna T. Bhatt, Dennis S. Fox
Ebc Development For Hot-Pressed Y2O3/Al2O3 Doped Silicon Nitride Ceramics, Sivakumar Ramasamy, Surendra N. Tewari, Kang N. Lee, Ramakrishna T. Bhatt, Dennis S. Fox
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Multilayer EBCs of alcohol and sol-based slurries containing (a) 45% SiO2-34% Y2O3-%Al2O3, (b) mullite/Gd2SiO5 (88/12wt.%) with and without B2O3 addition, (c) mullite/rare-earth silicates (94/6wt.%, (Gd2SiO5, Lu2SiO5, Er2SiO5, and HfSiO4)), and (d) only mullite, were applied on hot pressed Y2O3/Al2O3 doped Si3N4 substrates. Of the four major EBC systems studied, only mullite/Gd2SiO5 (88/12wt.%) EBCs sintered in air at …
Lipids And Collagen Matrix Restrict The Hydraulic Permeability Within The Porous Compartment Of Adult Cortical Bone, Demin Wen, Caroline Androjna, Amit Vasanji, Joanne M. Belovich, Ronald J. Midura
Lipids And Collagen Matrix Restrict The Hydraulic Permeability Within The Porous Compartment Of Adult Cortical Bone, Demin Wen, Caroline Androjna, Amit Vasanji, Joanne M. Belovich, Ronald J. Midura
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
In vivo the hydraulic permeability of cortical bone influences the transport of nutrients, waste products and signaling molecules, thus influencing the metabolic functions of osteocytes and osteoblasts. In the current study two hypotheses were tested: the presence of (1) lipids and (2) collagen matrix in the porous compartment of cortical bone restricts its permeability. Our approach was to measure the radial permeability of adult canine cortical bone before and after extracting lipids with acetone-methanol, and before and after digesting collagen with bacterial collagenase. Our results showed that the permeability of adult canine cortical bone was below 4.0 × 10 …
Computing Arrival Cost Parameters In Moving Horizon Estimation Using Sampling Based Filters, Sridhar Ungarala
Computing Arrival Cost Parameters In Moving Horizon Estimation Using Sampling Based Filters, Sridhar Ungarala
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
Moving horizon estimation (MHE) is a numerical optimization based approach to state estimation, where the joint probability density function (pdf) of a finite state trajectory is sought, which is conditioned on a moving horizon of measurements. The joint conditional pdf depends on the a priori state pdf at the start of the horizon, which is a prediction pdf based on historical data outside the horizon. When the joint pdf is maximized, the arrival cost is a penalty term based on the a priori pdf in the MHE objective function. Traditionally, the a priori pdf is assumed as …