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Articles 31 - 60 of 89
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Conversion Of Legacy Inspection Data To Bridge Condition Index (Bci) To Establish Baseline Deterioration Condition History For Predictive Maintenance Models., Nicola Ann Stevens, Myra Lydon, Kristopher Campbell, Thomas Neeson, Adelle Marshall, S. E. Taylor
Conversion Of Legacy Inspection Data To Bridge Condition Index (Bci) To Establish Baseline Deterioration Condition History For Predictive Maintenance Models., Nicola Ann Stevens, Myra Lydon, Kristopher Campbell, Thomas Neeson, Adelle Marshall, S. E. Taylor
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Bridge Management Systems (BMS) have been introduced across the world with the goal of aiding the decisions regarding maintenance, rehabilitation and replacement (MR&R) of bridges. Deterioration modelling is the most important part of the BMS because the ability to predict the future condition is vital as it will determine the quality of the decisions made. Markovian-based models are the most common predictive maintenance tool utilised in existing BMS, by obtaining probabilities of transition of bridge condition from one state to another based on historic bridge inspection data. Prior to the introduction of the Bridge Condition Index (BCI) the use of …
Hydraulics Of Scour In The Vicinity Of A Flexiarch Bridge, Prabuddha Sathurusinghe, Gerard Hamill, Su Taylor, Desmond Robinson
Hydraulics Of Scour In The Vicinity Of A Flexiarch Bridge, Prabuddha Sathurusinghe, Gerard Hamill, Su Taylor, Desmond Robinson
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Floods and scour are major causes of failure of bridges and with the increase in short-duration and high intensity rainfall events the occurrence of such failures is increasing. While standard free flow scour at bridge piers is an extensively researched area, the increased scour that occurs when the upstream water level is at or above the crown of an arch bridge (pressure-flow scour) is comparatively less well studied. As the frequency and magnitudes of floods increase, more bridges may be at a higher risk of being subject to pressure-flow scour. A modern masonry arch bridge system called the ‘FlexiArch’, that …
A Novel Solution For Preventing Leading Edge Erosion In Wind Turbine Blades, William Finnegan, Michael Flanagan, Róisín Ó Coistealbha, Priya Dasan Keeryadath, Tomas Flanagan, Jamie Goggins
A Novel Solution For Preventing Leading Edge Erosion In Wind Turbine Blades, William Finnegan, Michael Flanagan, Róisín Ó Coistealbha, Priya Dasan Keeryadath, Tomas Flanagan, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
As the world shifts to using renewable sources of energy, wind energy has been established as one of the leading forms of renewable energy. However, as wind turbines get increasingly larger, new challenges within the design, manufacture and operation of the turbine are presented. One such challenge is leading edge erosion on wind turbine blades. With larger wind turbine blades, tip speed begin to reach over 500 km per hour. As water droplets impact along the leading edge of the blade, rain erosion begins to occur, increasing maintenance costs and reducing the design life of the blade. In response to …
Equivalent Load Profile Development For Fatigue Testing Of A 13-Metre Wind Turbine Blade, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Edward Fagan, Yadong Jiang, Patrick Meier, William Finnegan, Jamie Goggins
Equivalent Load Profile Development For Fatigue Testing Of A 13-Metre Wind Turbine Blade, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Edward Fagan, Yadong Jiang, Patrick Meier, William Finnegan, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
As blades are a key component of wind turbines, blade manufacturers are required to carry out static and fatigue tests of full-scale blades as part of the certification process prior to their deployment for commercial use. A 13-meter turbine blade is existing in the Large Structure Research Laboratory located in the Alice Perry Engineering Building, NUI Galway. We are going to test the blade (static and fatigue) in both the edgewise and flatwise directions. The blade is constructed from a novel glass-fibre reinforced powder epoxy composite material and consists of a double internal shear web. The blade is supported at …
Static And Fatigue Testing Of A Full Scale Helical River Turbine Foil, Patrick Meier, William Finnegan, Patrick Cronin, James Donegan, Matthew Barrington, Le Chi Hung, Jamie Goggins
Static And Fatigue Testing Of A Full Scale Helical River Turbine Foil, Patrick Meier, William Finnegan, Patrick Cronin, James Donegan, Matthew Barrington, Le Chi Hung, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Despite opposition from some sectors, the imminent impact of increased hydrocarbon emissions on climate is generally accepted. Alternative energies from as many different sources must be exploited, in order to reduce the dominating market share of fossil fuels on the global energy budget. One such potential source is the capture of hydro-mechanical energy harnessed from river or tidal flows. The former is a mature industry in the case of large permanent hydroelectric plants, but smaller mobile, moored systems are of special interest in remote locations where grid connection is less widespread. Since servicing of these remote installations becomes costly, the …
Full-Scale Structural Testing Of Wind And Tidal Turbine Blades, William Finnegan, Patrick Meier, Yadong Jiang, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Edward Fagan, Le Chi Hung, Jamie Goggins
Full-Scale Structural Testing Of Wind And Tidal Turbine Blades, William Finnegan, Patrick Meier, Yadong Jiang, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Edward Fagan, Le Chi Hung, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
In recent years wind energy has been established as a leading source of renewable energy and, now, tidal energy is nearing commercial viability. In both cases, the reliability and longevity of certain key components of energy converters is paramount. The blades of these turbines are such key components. The turbine blades convert the energy of the resource into mechanical energy, encountering high variations in loading. In order to ensure that tidal turbine blades have the required structural capacity, mechanical static and fatigue testing of the blades is performed. This study examines the performance of wind and turbine blades as they …
Impact Of Occupant Behaviour On Indoor Environment Of A-Rated Dwellings, Niti Saini, Patrick Shiel, Roger P. West, Ruth Kerrigan, Ian Pyburn
Impact Of Occupant Behaviour On Indoor Environment Of A-Rated Dwellings, Niti Saini, Patrick Shiel, Roger P. West, Ruth Kerrigan, Ian Pyburn
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
An increase in energy efficiency and airtightness in the absence of adequate ventilation in A-rated houses has brought about an increase in indoor environment quality (IEQ) issues which can lead to health hazards, such as mould formation due to high humidity levels, or the sustained presence of Carbon Dioxide, both generated by human activities. Relative humidity above 80% for prolonged periods can result in mould growth on any cold unventilated surfaces, such as behind curtains, blinds, wardrobes, etc. Levels of humidity can also affect an occupant’s feeling of well-being, for example, low levels of humidity can lead to drying of …
Natural Frequency Measurement Of A 13-Meter Wind Turbine Blade Using Different Techniques, Yadong Jiang, William Finnegan, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Patrick Meier, Edward Fagan, Jamie Goggins
Natural Frequency Measurement Of A 13-Meter Wind Turbine Blade Using Different Techniques, Yadong Jiang, William Finnegan, Afrooz Kazemi Vanhari, Patrick Meier, Edward Fagan, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Nowadays the wind energy markets continue to grow to accommodate the current demands of renewable energy. As the wind turbine blades are susceptible to suffer damage from complex and irregular loading caused by catastrophes, development of quick and reliable ways for wind turbine health monitoring is becoming crucial. Natural frequency testing is one of the most commonly used non-destructive health monitoring methods, as any damages could lead to changes in the structural vibration characteristics. In this paper, a series of tests were carried out to measure the natural frequencies of a 13 m wind turbine blade. Various testing techniques and …
Key Considerations In The Design Of A One-Stop-Shop Retrofit Model, Orlaith Mcginley, Paul Moran, Jamie Goggins
Key Considerations In The Design Of A One-Stop-Shop Retrofit Model, Orlaith Mcginley, Paul Moran, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The Irish Government’s Climate Action Plan emphasizes the need for increased retrofit activity within the built environment. As such, the plan has set targets for the completion of 500,000 energy efficient retrofits by 2030 at a rate of 50,000 per annum. Ireland’s current retrofit uptake rate is considered relatively low, at approximately 23,000 primarily shallow retrofits per annum. Thus, a significant step change is required to drive retrofit investment at a national scale, however, there are various barriers existing to such. Considering these targets, the establishment of a One-Stop-Shop (OSS) retrofit model has been identified in the Climate Action Plan …
Temperature Profiles Of Private Rental Housing Occupied By Third Level Students In Ireland, Ailbhe Ryan, Eimear Walsh, Paul Moran, Jamie Goggins
Temperature Profiles Of Private Rental Housing Occupied By Third Level Students In Ireland, Ailbhe Ryan, Eimear Walsh, Paul Moran, Jamie Goggins
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The Irish Government published a National Student Accommodation Strategy to tackle issues surrounding the availability of accommodation for students in higher education. 23,634 students could not be accommodated with a bed space supplied by a Higher Education Institution in 2017. Therefore, many students live in private rental accommodation during the academic year. This paper examines the indoor temperature profiles of private rental housing occupied by third level students in Ireland. From the results, the temperature levels across the majority of the 16 cases were found to have temperatures below the recommended 18°C. At least 90% of the recorded temperature data …
Characterization And Performance Of Cement-Based Thermoelectric Materials, Ruchita Jani, Niall Holmes, Roger P. West, Kevin Gaughan, Xiaoli Liu, Esther Orisakwe, Conrad Johnston, Ming Qu, Jorge Kohanoff, Lorenzo Stella, Hongxi Yin
Characterization And Performance Of Cement-Based Thermoelectric Materials, Ruchita Jani, Niall Holmes, Roger P. West, Kevin Gaughan, Xiaoli Liu, Esther Orisakwe, Conrad Johnston, Ming Qu, Jorge Kohanoff, Lorenzo Stella, Hongxi Yin
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Thermoelectric materials enable direct conversion of thermal energy to electricity. Ambient heat energy harvesting could be an effective route to convert buildings from being energy consumers to energy harvesters, thus making them more sustainable. There exists a relatively stable temperature gradient (storing energy) between the internal and external walls of buildings which can be utilized to generate meaningful energy (that is, electricity) using the thermoelectric principle. This could ultimately help reduce the surface temperatures and energy consumption of buildings, especially in urban areas.
The Use Of Three-Dimensional Conjugate Cfd To Enhance Understanding Of, And To Verify, Multi-Modal Heat Transfer In Dynamic Laboratory Test Walls, Rakshit D. M, Tim O'Leary, Ronan Hogan, Anthony James Robinson, Aimee Byrne
The Use Of Three-Dimensional Conjugate Cfd To Enhance Understanding Of, And To Verify, Multi-Modal Heat Transfer In Dynamic Laboratory Test Walls, Rakshit D. M, Tim O'Leary, Ronan Hogan, Anthony James Robinson, Aimee Byrne
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
This work describes the use of conjugate computational fluid dynamics (C-CFD) to simulate controlled laboratory based dynamic heat transfer tests on building components. This study proposes that conjugate CFD simulation can be used to evaluate the influence of combined convective and conductive heat transfer in multi-state building components. To this end, a solid wall and cavity wall were tested with a Calibrated Hotbox and subject to variable temperature conditions leading to combined convective and conductive heat transfer. The varying temperature of the heat source was monitored and used as the input boundary condition in the simulation model, which included a …
Performance Based Design Approach For Reinforced Concrete Precast Structures, Suhaib Salawdeh, Naveed Ahmad
Performance Based Design Approach For Reinforced Concrete Precast Structures, Suhaib Salawdeh, Naveed Ahmad
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Precast concrete structures are becoming one of the most popular constructions in the world. They are expected to lead the global construction because they are fast, cheap and simple to construct with precast concrete elements produced in tightly controlled conditions. Moreover, they are sustainable products with high durability. Minimal waste is produced during manufacture and precast elements can be fully recycled at the end of their life. In this paper, a Performance Based Design (PBD) approach is proposed for multi-storey precast concrete frame structures. A full review of Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD) methodology to design precast concrete structures is …
Finite Element Appraisal Of The Strut And Tie Method For The Design Of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Seán Quinn, Kieran Ruane
Finite Element Appraisal Of The Strut And Tie Method For The Design Of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Seán Quinn, Kieran Ruane
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The Strut-and-Tie Method (STM) can be used for the design of reinforced concrete elements such as deep beams and pile caps. STM allows the reduction of complex states of stress, which are known as D- or Discontinuity regions, within a structure to an assembly of simple stress states. Normal beam theory where B- or Bernoulli regions occur, does not apply. Up until recent times, design for deep beams was generally on simple rules and empirical formulas, however STM is now included in most modem design code provisions. Yet, there still remains a lack of clear understanding of the STM.
Demountable Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Review And Future Directions, Tahreer Fayyad, Ahmed Abdalqader
Demountable Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Review And Future Directions, Tahreer Fayyad, Ahmed Abdalqader
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Consuming about 60% of natural resources, construction industry recently has been under a continuous pressure to ensure an efficient consumption of natural resources. Recent decades have witnessed some valuable steps toward making the construction industry more sustainable. This includes the trials to change the linear life cycle model to cyclic one by the consideration of the 3Rs; recycling, reusing and reducing to help in closing the material loop. However, recent studies have showed that the reason for demolition is not really the end-of-life span of structures but actually the lack of adaptability, also, demolition and recycling demand huge energy. So …
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With Web Openings, Gerry Sweeney, Suhaib Salawdeh
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With Web Openings, Gerry Sweeney, Suhaib Salawdeh
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Web openings in Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam construction are common place. An extensive review of the current research on RC beams with web openings is conducted. It is identified that a numerical model could be developed for RC beams with openings and validated against existing experimental research data. The Finite Element (FE) application, Ansys, is used to develop five different FE models. The numerical results compared well with experimental and analytical data. Overall model results are provided and discussed, with key findings and recommendations for future work presented.
Effect Of Casting Method And Test Setup On Flexural Characterization Of Uhpfrc, Yuanye He, Esmaeel Esmaeeli, Marios Soutsos
Effect Of Casting Method And Test Setup On Flexural Characterization Of Uhpfrc, Yuanye He, Esmaeel Esmaeeli, Marios Soutsos
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Ultra-High-Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) has received extensive attention due to its excellent mechanical properties. UHPFRC not only offers a very high compressive strength, but also a unique tensile strain-hardening behaviour. Casting method is critical as it determines the fibre alignment, which in turn affects the performance of UHPFRC. In practice, casting in one single pour requires large equipment, large volume of concrete and it is time consuming and in general difficult to achieve. To evaluate the flexural behaviour, 3PB (three-point bending) and 4PB (four-point bending) tests are generally carried out following the methodologies recommended by the material testing standards, …
The Powerful Impact Of Role Models And Workshops On The Future Direction Of Females In Stem – Cit Campus Week Model, Mary Moloney, Norma Welch
The Powerful Impact Of Role Models And Workshops On The Future Direction Of Females In Stem – Cit Campus Week Model, Mary Moloney, Norma Welch
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The Faculty of Engineering and Science (FES) at Cork Institute of Technology (CIT) recognises the overwhelming evidence of a severe shortage in the uptake of female students of STEM courses and ultimately STEM careers. In its attempt to turn this tide, the faculty has pioneered a ‘female only’ campus week showcasing science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) to TY students. This campus week commenced with a one-day event at CIT, in 2015 supporting the launch of the ‘I Wish’ initiative at Cork City Hall. The ‘I Wish’ (Initiative for women in STEM) is a not-for-profit group founded by three visionary …
Teaching Engineering Materials Through Experiential Learning, Roger P. West, David Taylor, Martin Burke, Michael Grimes, Shane Hunt
Teaching Engineering Materials Through Experiential Learning, Roger P. West, David Taylor, Martin Burke, Michael Grimes, Shane Hunt
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
An opportunity was afforded to the authors to design and implement a semester-long laboratory-based project to complement a traditional first year materials engineering lecture module. The examinable lecture component involved the customary description of physical, mechanical, and electrical properties of materials, exemplified by studying real examples of different materials used in solving design problems, such as the challenges of concrete’s weakness in tension, brittleness, creep, shrinkage and vulnerability to corrosion, bamboo’s unique sustainability and tensile strength, or in the electronic properties of semiconductor components. Comprising equal civil, mechanical and electrical elements, the project involved the development of an understanding of …
Examining Large Student Cohorts - A Question Of Questions, Roger P. West, Michael A. Wride
Examining Large Student Cohorts - A Question Of Questions, Roger P. West, Michael A. Wride
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
With pressure to increase student numbers on academic courses worldwide, the trends in exam marks distribution for subject modules become more acute, with more distinct pattern characteristics reflecting student choices, topic and exam question difficulty, and lecturer marking severity, refinement and consistency. The practice of representing the overall exam results in a module through histograms enables normality, skewness and randomness to be identified, interrogated and understood. However, when dealing with large numbers of exam candidates (of the order of 1000 or more), an investigation of the averages and histograms for individual exam questions can further reveal refined explanations for poor …
Embedment Of Un Sustainable Development Goals (Sdg) Within Engineering Degree Programmes, Thomas Adams, Sriram Kishore Kumar, Jamie Goggins, Richard Manton
Embedment Of Un Sustainable Development Goals (Sdg) Within Engineering Degree Programmes, Thomas Adams, Sriram Kishore Kumar, Jamie Goggins, Richard Manton
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), established by the United Nations in 2015, are having a significant influence on policy development worldwide. However, there is a key question about whether current and future engineering graduates will be equipped to contribute significantly to the achievement of these goals and provide sustainable solutions. One way to consider this is to better understand the level of focus within existing curricula of engineering degrees towards the SDGs.
Community-Engaged Learning: A Building Engineering Case Study, Jamie Goggins, Magdalena Hajdukiewicz
Community-Engaged Learning: A Building Engineering Case Study, Jamie Goggins, Magdalena Hajdukiewicz
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Community engaged learning is a form of experiential education with a civic underpinning. Community engaged learning is embedded with the civil engineering curriculum at NUI Galway and is framed by a research orientation, commitments to civic engagement and building university-community partnerships, city-university partnerships and partnerships with other official agencies, so that community users can provide real learning problems and contexts for students and researchers and benefit from the results. This paper presents the positive experience of the authors in facilitating over 300 community engaged learning projects undertaken by undergraduate students in civil engineering at NUI Galway. The paper highlights how …
A Numerical Analysis Of Stone Masonry Arch Bridges And Structural Backing, Thomas Kerr, Tomás O'Flaherty
A Numerical Analysis Of Stone Masonry Arch Bridges And Structural Backing, Thomas Kerr, Tomás O'Flaherty
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Masonry arch bridges are a significant part of the transport network system in Ireland. Therefore, it is essential that we maintain the existing masonry bridge stock as a valuable asset and protect these bridges from a heritage viewpoint. The increased structural demands placed upon these bridges coupled with more sophisticated analysis methods have required and enabled a greater understanding of the response of masonry arch bridges to ever increasing traffic loading. When loaded, the structure acts in compression and the arched configuration enables the transmission of loads through the individual masonry units to the supporting piers or abutments. The stability …
Validation Of Finite Element Light Rail Bridge Model Using Dynamic Bridge Deflection Measurement, Paraic Quirke, António Barrias
Validation Of Finite Element Light Rail Bridge Model Using Dynamic Bridge Deflection Measurement, Paraic Quirke, António Barrias
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Use of finite element modelling (FEM) to predict structural behaviour under static and dynamic loading conditions is a well-established aspect of the bridge design process. The Cherrywood Luas viaduct carries the Luas light rail system through proposed development lands at Cherrywood, South County Dublin. As part of development plans in the area it is proposed to create a new street adjacent and parallel to the existing viaduct with associated footpaths and landscaping. It is proposed to integrate the new structure supporting the street into the existing light rail bridge structure.
Probabilistic System Analysis – Practical Examples For Railway Bridges, Lorcan Connolly, Marko Duranovic, Róisín Donnelly
Probabilistic System Analysis – Practical Examples For Railway Bridges, Lorcan Connolly, Marko Duranovic, Róisín Donnelly
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
The issue of maintenance of ageing bridges with insufficient budget allocations is well documented throughout Europe and beyond. To combat the issue of out of date assessment standards, insufficient structural information and deteriorating bridges, probabilistic assessment bridge techniques have evolved significantly over the past number of years. Previously, probabilistic analysis methods have been applied at the element level, where the highest element failure probability is assumed to govern for the structure. This fails to account for inherent redundancy which is often present in bridge structures. For example, the development of a plastic hinge due to elastic failure in a steel …
Case Study: Calculating Bridge Displacement From Accelerations For Load Assessment Calculations, Andrew Bunce, David Hester, Su Taylor, James Brownjohn, Yan Xu
Case Study: Calculating Bridge Displacement From Accelerations For Load Assessment Calculations, Andrew Bunce, David Hester, Su Taylor, James Brownjohn, Yan Xu
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Recovering displacement from accelerations has been demonstrated on bridges previously, with the main challenges being the presence of low frequency noise and the need for user-calibrated filters to overcome this. Therefor this paper presents a case study of a low-cost load test procedure, using bridge acceleration to calculate displacement. Typical approaches look use filtering or signal collecting methods to mitigate noise, however this study uses an aviation grade accelerometer to minimise noise in the acceleration signals and employs a quality control procedure to alert the user to the quality/reliability of the results. A live/open bridge is tested using a loaded …
Identifying Damage In A Bridge By Analysing Rotation Response To A Moving Load, Claire Mcgeown, Farhad Huseynov, David Hester, Patrick Mcgetrick, Eugene O'Brien, Vikram Pakrashi
Identifying Damage In A Bridge By Analysing Rotation Response To A Moving Load, Claire Mcgeown, Farhad Huseynov, David Hester, Patrick Mcgetrick, Eugene O'Brien, Vikram Pakrashi
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
A recent survey of Europe’s highway infrastructure has concluded that almost half of Europe’s bridges are nearing the end of their design live. Work in the wider Structural Health Monitoring sector is aiming to develop reliable and cost-effective methods for verifying condition, remaining service life and safety of ageing structures. Most bridge condition assessment methods are based on deflection, acceleration or strain measurements. This paper looks at the possibility of using rotation measurements as a main parameter to identify damage. This study looks at numerical analyses of a moving point load on a one-dimensional bridge model to provide the theoretical …
Direct Displacement Based Seismic Design Of Irregular Cbfs, Suhaib Salawdeh
Direct Displacement Based Seismic Design Of Irregular Cbfs, Suhaib Salawdeh
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Some types of structures can suffer from vertical irregularities due to aesthetic, functional, or economic reasons. A possible lateral force resisting solution for this type of structures is to use Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF) systems. CBFs are gaining a lot of popularity as their design and fabrication are straight forward with low cost. Moreover, they are overcoming many limitations exist in other lateral force resisting systems. In this paper, a direct displacement-based design (DDBD) procedure is developed for irregular multi-storey CBF structures. In this procedure, design displacements considered are decided upon the code and material drift limits, then the strength …
A Comparative Study Of Linear And Nonlinear Analysis Of High-Rise Buildings Against Wind Loads, Muhammad Ali, Suhaib Salawdeh
A Comparative Study Of Linear And Nonlinear Analysis Of High-Rise Buildings Against Wind Loads, Muhammad Ali, Suhaib Salawdeh
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Tall and slender buildings present design challenges to structure designer to establish maximum sway against the wind loads. In Ireland and UK, most engineers use linear static analysis to determine forces and moments in the RC stability cores due to fact that linear analysis is less sophisticate and is easy to use. Engineers use E & I modification factors to take account of reduced stiffness of walls due to cracked concrete sections to complete the sway assessment. Non-linear analysis is another approach that can be used however it is not popular among many engineers as it requires more realistic material …
Beam-To-Column Minor Axis Moment Connections, Ali Purcell, John J. Murphy, Kieran Ruane
Beam-To-Column Minor Axis Moment Connections, Ali Purcell, John J. Murphy, Kieran Ruane
Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020
Steel moment connections are used where continuity is required between beam and columns. Research on moments connections has primarily focussed on major-axis connections. An in-depth investigation of I.S. EN 1993-1-8 was completed to identify the design rules of connections. Simple connections such as cleats, fin plates and splices were investigated briefly in order to gain a greater understanding of how they behave and transfer load before researching two types of minor axis moment connections; one where the end plate is connected directly to the column web and one where the end plate is bolted to another plate which is welded …