Engineering Commons^™

Machine Learning Framework For Predicting Reliability Of Solder Joints, Robert Lee Jones

Dissertations and Theses

This paper presents the techniques and framework to produce an explainable machine learning model for predicting the reliability of solder joints exposed to thermal cycle testing. While machine learning techniques have become prevalent for many engineering and data analysis tasks, the complexity of the model occludes valuable information which can be used to refine the data, tune model parameters, and aid in scientific discovery. By exposing the relationships within the model, users can have greater confidence in the use and employment of it. The purpose of this study is to show how useful relationships can be obtained from a traditional …

Recent Evolution In Thermochemical Transformation Of Municipal Solid Wastes To Alternate Fuels, Tumpa R. Sarker, Lucky Khatun, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Rostom Ali, Shariful Islam, Sagor Chowdhury, Kazi Sakibur Rahman, Nafis Sadique Sayem, Akm S. Rahman

Publications and Research

The management of solid waste poses a worldwide obstacle in the pursuit of a sustainable society. This issue has intensified with the increase in waste production caused by rapid population expansion, industrialization, and urbanization. The continuously growing volume of municipal solid waste, particularly the substantial volume of organic waste, along with improper disposal practices, results in the release of greenhouse gases and other harmful airborne substances which simultaneously causes health risks and socioeconomic concerns. This article examines various waste-to-energy (energy production in the form of heat and electricity) concepts as well as waste-to-materials (various value-added materials including biofuel, biochemical, char, …

Tendrilbot: Modular Soft Robot With Versatile Radial Grasping And Locomotion Capabilities, Joshua Knospler, Nicholas Pagliocca, Wei Xue, Mitja Trkov

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

This paper introduces TendrilBot, a novel modular soft robot designed for versatile manipulation, stiffness modulation, and locomotion tasks. Built upon previously developed modular units, the TendrilBot consists of multiple actuators connected linearly in linear, cylindrical, or helix configurations. Cylindrical configurations (single row or stacked) enable the robot to wrap around objects for grasping and manipulation in a single row or stacked configuration when interconnected with the magnets on sides of the units. Additionally, such configurations further facilitate internal grasping within hollow tubes or objects holding them with its reconfigurable shape. Both wrapping and internal grasping are experimentally validated to demonstrate …

The Effect Of Chromium Coatings On Hydrogen Uptake In Zirconium Alloy Nuclear Fuel Cladding, Jorie Lyn Walters

Theses and Dissertations

The amount of hydrogen in a nuclear reactor can have a profound impact on its performance and safety when it is absorbed into or released from fuel rods. Hydrogen pickup in modern fuel cladding materials has been minimized by alloying additions and microstructural texture engineering, but these materials are still susceptible to hydrogen release during high temperature oxidation. The nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in 2011 resulted in hydrogen gas production and subsequent explosions which led the United States Department of Energy to initiate a program to develop enhanced nuclear fuel cladding materials. New cladding materials include …

Microchannel Slip Flow Characteristics By Time Travel After Photobleaching Velocimetry, Brandon James Sellers

Theses and Dissertations

Interfacial science follows the study of observing behavior between two or more phases of matter when in contact. For example, a liquid solution passes through a microchannel, and the walls interact with the fluid shearing along the surface. The fluid particles develop momentum changes from interfacial phenomena and slip along the wall begins to affect the fluid body. Slip flow is a name for the phenomenon, and with it, modeling velocity for the interfacial behavior demands both resolution and minimal interference. Laser-induced fluorescence photobleaching anemometry (LIFPA) works as a sound method for acquiring data on microchannel flow, but it needed …

Thermodynamic Modeling Of Uranium Nitride With Select Actinides And Fission Products, Eric Reece Mcmanus

Theses and Dissertations

Uranium mononitride fuel is being investigated as a potential nuclear fuel for a Westinghouse lead-cooled fast reactor due to factors such as its high uranium density, high melting point, and favorable thermal conductivity. To obtain an understanding of the thermochemical behavior of UN fission products and minor actinides, thermodynamic data was obtained from various resources to create a database to represent the behavior of the fuel. This database was used to generate an Ellingham diagram to represent the relative thermodynamic stability of the phases over the reactor temperature range. A simulation was run computing the equilibrium state of the fuel, …

3d-Printable Open Source Hardware Developed For Sustainable Technology, Dawei Liu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

As open-source technology and additive manufacturing evolve, their advantages become increasingly evident, offering solutions to global challenges. This thesis presents the development of two open-source 3D-printable hardware tools to accelerate this trend: a melt flow index (MFI) tool and tourniquet tester. The MFI tool is introduced as a low-cost method for measuring the MFI of thermal-sensitive material, particularly assessing their suitability for recycling thermoplastics for 3D printing. The tourniquet tester provides a low-cost instrument for measuring the pressure of tourniquets to assess efficacy. This device offers a cost-effective solution to ensure the safety and functionality of these critical emergency tools …

A Plug-And-Produce Connectivity Framework For Manufacturing Systems, Theodros Abraham Tarekegne

Theses and Dissertations

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) movement has birthed technologies that enable the fusing of physical and digital environments. However, the extensive number of available options for industrial communication and data formatting has remained a barrier to achieving digital knowledge synonymy in industry. There have been previous attempts to establish standards for industrial connectivity and communication, but legacy machines, as well as custom and non-proprietary devices, still face issues communicating data with other manufacturing equipment. To address these challenges, the Industrial Internet of Things initiative has led to the creation of the Plug and Produce (PnP) concept to facilitate the …

Experimental And Computational Understanding Of Solid Oxide Iron Air Battery Performance, Chaitali Morey

Theses and Dissertations

Long-duration energy storage (LDES) (10+ hours) is considered a key technical solution for a widespread penetration of renewable energy into the utility market. However, the currently available storage technologies are limited to less than 10 hours for cost reasons. The benchmark Li-ion battery technology would be economically prohibitive if the storage time goes beyond 4 hours. Therefore, developing new low-cost LDES-compatible battery technologies is highly desirable. A solid oxide iron air battery (SOIAB) has been developed which consists of a reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC) and energy storage unit (ESU) of an iron bed. This battery is considered a promising …

Application Of Machine Learning Techniques And The Unscented Kalman Filter To Real-Time Gas Turbine Clearance Prediction, Donald Earl Floyd

Theses and Dissertations

The growth in renewable energy sources and retirement of large baseload coal-fired power stations has led to an accompanying decrease in reliability and security of the electrical grid. Since renewable energy sources are typically non-dispatchable, this can lead to blackouts and/or brownouts for customers. Heavy duty gas turbine power plants (HDGT) offer a solution to this problem. HDGTs are dispatchable, clean, and offer flexibility in the fuel they consume, but operational limitations must be well understood to fully exploit their benefits.

One of the main operational limitations is the tip clearances in the gas turbine. In many cases, the gas …

Crystal Plasticity Modeling Of Heterogeneous Microstructure Of Additively Manufactured Metals, Md Mahabubur Rohoman

Theses and Dissertations

Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a promising technique in the manufacturing industry for producing complex metal components as it provides shape freedom and simplistic processing chain.

Powder bed fusion is the widely used AM technique that uses laser or electron beam as the energy source to melt the metal powder and deposit it in a layer-by-layer fashion. While doing so, the previously molten layers are constantly are in re-heating and re-cooling processes which end up creating an intricate solidification for the deposited layers. Due to the complexity involved in the thermal cycles for the solidification process, columnar grains develop. …

A Holistic Quality Management Model For Optimization Of Quality Assurance In Manufacturing, Devon Blakeney Clark

Theses and Dissertations

Quality Management (QM) is essential in manufacturing to ensure products are consistent and functional every time. Consumers expect high quality products that last, and industries unable to accomplish this are destined to fail. Therefore, product quality has always been at the forefront of manufacturer decision making, though it is normally viewed as a given more than as a goal. This means that businesses want quality because it is needed for their survival, but there has not been consideration for how to incorporate innovation into this essential field. Quality needs to be viewed holistically with regards to all manufacturing factors that …

Using Open Source Compression Molding And Vacuum Forming To Incentivize Localized Recycling: An Integrated Thermoforming Solution, Morgan C. Woods

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This work aims to make thermoforming more accessible to incentivize prosumer participation in localized recycling by providing a combined open source 12” x 12” compression molding and vacuum forming tool. The hardware was validated across a series of applications, each providing a different economic or functional incentive. For prosumers, this included compression forming 1/4" recycled polycarbonate and HDPE sheets, 20-gauge vacuum sheets, and vacuum formed applications with savings of up to 99.9% over commercial sources for 100-part batch production case studies. For researchers and commercial interest, the hardware was used to produce ASTM D695 standard samples of 1:1 silica sand …

Utilization Of Sodium Flame Synthesis For The Formation And Deposition Of Pure Metal Materials For Applications In Additive Manufacturing, Zachariah Wargel

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Advanced material classes, such as high temperature alloys, ceramics, and refractory materials have become a key area of focus for expansion in the realm of additive manufacturing. Factors such as high melting points, material homogeneity, and physical properties such as ductility limit the application of popular additive manufacturing methods to these material classes. By utilizing sodium flame synthesis and deposition (SFD) technology, nanoparticle materials can be synthesized via combustion in a laminar co-flow diffusion burner and impacted such that the deposits can be used to manufacture designed components. By using the applicable precursor materials of metal chlorides and elemental sodium …

Layered Naba2m3q3(Q2) (M = Cu Or Ag; Q = S Or Se) Chalcogenides And Local Ordering In Their Mixed-Anion Compositions, Ayat Tassanov, Huiju Lee, Yi Xia, James M. Hodges

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Three new NaBa2M3Q3(Q2) (M = Ag or Cu; Q = S or Se) chalcogenides were prepared by using solid-state methods and structurally characterized by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. NaBa2Ag3Se3(Se2) and NaBa2Cu3Se3(Se2) crystallize in monoclinic space group C2/m and have a two-dimensional structure composed of edge-sharing MSe4/4 tetrahedra separated by Na+ and Ba2+ cations, along with (Se2)2– dimers at the center of the spacings between [M3Se3]3– slabs. NaBa2Ag3S3(S2) adopts a related structure with space group C2/m but has additional, crystallographically distinct Ag atoms in the [Ag3S3]3– layer that are linearly coordinated. NaBa2Ag3Se3(Se2) and NaBa2Ag3S3(S2) have indirect band gaps measured to be …

Raw Data For M5h2r1 Origami Flasher Deployment Tests, Philip Klocke

ScholarsArchive Data

These data sets contain raw force data from the deployment tests of a case study origami Flasher.

Inspection Planning Of Subsea Pipeline Using Risk-Based Inspection, Ni Luh Triska Adelia, Badrul Munir, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Pipelines are an important tool in oil and gas exploration. Pipeline is a transmission and liquid collection lines, including their accessories, which transport fluids from one plant to another. In transmission and collection process, there is a possibility of failure which can have minor to major impact on personnel injury, the environment and interrupt the business process. To maintain safety and to prevent accidents, the source and cause of failure needs to be calculated. Risk-based inspection (RBI) is a method that can be used to calculate the risk and determine the inspection planning both schedule and method, by combining the …

Maintenance Notes To Improve The Reliability Of Wheel Flange Failure For Overhead Crane, Fakhri Burhanuddin, Akhmad Herman Yuwono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Overhead traveling cranes in the industry have utility workload classifications and require high standards of safety and reliability by mobilizing lifting and transporting capacity variants of steel products, equipment, and other supports. The crane wheels are the main support in moving the end carriage so that the crane can work according to its function. Failures in the operation and maintenance cycle have occurred. Therefore, proper repair and maintenance methods are highly needed to restore the original design function to its working integrity. Logic tree analysis was used to breakdown all causes of failure; thus, mitigation was performed by carrying out …

Lifetime Prediction Of Pan Feeder Based On 3d Laser Scanning For Wear Assessment, Nony Maulidya, Dedi Priadi, Datu Rizal Asral

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Apron feeder is one of stages in crushing circuit to convey material in short distance. Pan flight is the main component of apron feeder that is severely exposed to wear mechanism due to its direct contact with open cut abrasive ore. With this operating environment of apron feeder, regular maintenance and inspection must be conducted to assess wear rate of pan’s surface to maintain equipment availability and provide information and sign before the equipment undergoes severe and sudden degradation. 3D laser scanning is method used in this study as Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) based inspection. The aim of using 3D scanning …

Modular Approach To Soft Mobile Robots, Dimuthu Kodippili Arachchige

College of Computing and Digital Media Dissertations

Soft robot locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs and bodies of soft robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and navigate through tight spaces. These robots have the potential to be used for various applications, such as search and rescue, inspection, surveillance, and more. The state-of-the-art still faces many challenges, including limited degrees of freedom, a lack of diversity in gait trajectories, insufficient limb dexterity, limited payload capabilities, lack of control methods, etc. To address these challenges, this research introduces a modular approach to …

Root Cause Analysis Of Leakage Tube Boiler: A Study Case, Lydia Kartika Basaria Sitompul, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Oil and gas industry can have catastrophic implications for human life, the environment, and the economy. This paper investigated failure analysis using root cause analysis especially for boiler tube leakage of Heat Exchanger. Identify the issue using microscopic examination and energy dispersive x-ray analysis were conducted on the tube inside and outside surface to determine root cause of the failure. The formation of a protective film in the aluminum-brass tube during the starting stage is very important for ensuring adequate film protection throughout the service life of the heat exchanger. During this stage, exposure to unpolluted water is essential. The …

Analysis Risk Based Inspection Api 581 On Lpg Spherical Tank At Pt. Xyz, Sigit Trahmawan, Eddy Sumarno Siradj, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) spherical tanks are pressure vessel equipment for storing fuel gas products. The high pressure along with the fuel gas inside as flammable and combustible substance means that this equipment might result major accident hazard such as explosion, fires and environmental pollution. This study is aimed calculated and mitigate risk on 500 metric ton capacity LPG spherical tank using Risk-based inspection (RBI) analysis method that makes risk as its foundation. This RBI method uses quantitative analysis referring to API 581 to determine the risk of LPG Spherical Tank by determining the probability of failure (PoF) and the …

Enhancing Crossflow Dynamics Through The Gas Injection From Multiple Cylinders, Sahrish B. Naqvi, Sadia Siddiqa, Maciej Matyka, Rama S. R. Gorla, Md. Mamum Molla

Faculty Publications

We investigate unsteady, two-dimensional laminar fluid flow around cylinders, focusing on understanding the impact of injecting methane gas through two diametrically opposite arcs on the cylinder in the crossflow of the second fluid. This study encompasses applications in mixing and dispersion, which are crucial in various technological and natural processes. Our analysis addresses velocity field’s contribution to the spatiotemporal distribution of transported quantities. We observed that mixing induces a transition from laminar to turbulent flow. Depending on the injected-to-crossflow velocity ratios, the wake vortices downstream of cylinder arrays separate from or connect to the injected gas. This phenomenon significantly impacts …

Design Of A Semi-Continuous Bio-Oil Upgradation Process Using Iron/Bone-Char Catalysts, Kelli Thomas

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

• 07Bio-oil is a pyrolysis byproduct that consists of heavily oxygenated organic fractions with low caloric values. There are very few industrial-sized facilities that can process bio-oil into useful hydrocarbons comparable to petroleum products. With the increase in biochar production for remediation efforts and forest clean-up, there is a demand for portable, small-scale refineries that do not require extensive process and safety equipment to convert byproducts into usable fuels. Refining bio-oil via atmospheric hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), the removal of the oxygenated functional groups under an unpressurized hydrogenated atmosphere, results in the upgradation of the heavy hydrocarbons within the bio-oil. This process is …

Multiphysics Simulation Of Biochar Adsorption Rates, Joseph Salerno

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

An accepted carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) method to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is via adsorption onto biochar. While the characteristics of the char are important and greatly impact the adsorption of CO2 molecules, the conditions in which the adsorption occurs are equally critical. Factors such as char particle size and quantity, environmental temperature and pressure, as well as outside driving mechanisms such as vibration frequency, driving force, and flow rates play an impactful role on how the char adsorbs CO2 particles. These factors and their effects will be studied in multiphysics simulations performed using methods that work …

Moving Towards The Electrification Of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles In The Inland Empire, Kimberly Collins, Raffi Der Wartanian, Francisca Beer, Yunfei Hou

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report investigates the transition to zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MDHD) within California’s Inland Empire (IE), emphasizing the significance of electric vehicle charging infrastructure and opportunity charging strategies in facilitating sustainable transportation. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combines a systematic literature review, geospatial and big data analytics, and thematic analysis of expert interviews, the study explores the multifaceted challenges and opportunities of electrification. The literature review assesses policies at various governance levels, while geospatial analysis identifies regional traffic patterns and infrastructure needs. Big data analytics examine vehicle movements, complemented by insights from interviews with 16 regional experts, offering a …

Understanding Ion Rejection Mechanism Of Freeze Desalination By Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Mahbuba Jannat

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This study explores a method called freeze desalination, which uses the natural process of ice formation to remove salt from water at lower than freezing temperature of water, which is 235K (Freezing temperature of this water model is 249K), making it safe for potable water. Unlike traditional methods, freeze desalination can be more efficient and environmentally friendly, but how it rejects salt at the molecular level is not very clear to understand. Using molecular dynamics simulation, this research aims to uncover the details of this process. We focused on understanding how water molecules interact with salt ions during freezing. Our …

Trade-Offs In Lighting For Dic Strain Measurements In Vibration-Based Fatigue Testing, Jacob R. Rigby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Vibration based fatigue testing offers a fast and efficient method for determining the breaking point of a material. This method often uses a device, called a strain gage, to measure the deformation of a test sample at a single spot on the test sample. However, these strain gages often break before testing is complete. To overcome this premature break, a laser vibrometer is often used to measure the amount of movement or the speed of the test sample throughout the vibration test. The deformation measured by the strain gage is compared against the amount of movement or velocity of the …

Rapid Prediction Of Buoyancy-Driven Exchange Flows At The Great Salt Lake: Ml Models And A 1d Shallow Water Approach, Eric M. Larsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

The Great Salt Lake in Utah, USA, is a hypersaline terminal lake divided in to northern and southern arms by the Union Pacific Railroad causeway since the 1950's. This separation has caused a difference in density and water surface elevation between lake arms. These differences result in a buoyancy-driven exchange flow occurring through an engineered breach in the causeway. Traditionally, modeling the flow through the breach has been done by numerically solving the 1D steady shallow water equations, and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The CFD models yield high accuracy results, but require substantial computing resources. This research proposes the …

Investigating Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer With Titanium Carbide Mxenes And Slanted Columnar Thin Films, Sean Luke Murray

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This work investigates the mechanisms to manipulate and control the magnitudes of Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer (NFRHT) using two-dimensional materials and nanostructured surfaces. NFRHT occurs when the geometrical features of the radiating objects or the separation distance between interacting bodies are comparable to or lower than the characteristic thermal radiation wavelength. NFRHT magnitudes surpass the blackbody limit by several orders of magnitude due to phenomena such as photon tunneling and new modes of energy transfer, like surface polaritons. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how material properties and surface nanostructures affect NFRHT.

The first part of this work examines the …