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Psychology Faculty Publications

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Articles 181 - 208 of 208

Full-Text Articles in Educational Psychology

Analyzing Latent State-Trait And Multiple-Indicator Latent Growth Curve Models As Multilevel Structural Equation Models, Christian Geiser, Jacob Bishop, Ginger Lockhart, Saul Shiffman, Jerry L. Grenard Dec 2013

Analyzing Latent State-Trait And Multiple-Indicator Latent Growth Curve Models As Multilevel Structural Equation Models, Christian Geiser, Jacob Bishop, Ginger Lockhart, Saul Shiffman, Jerry L. Grenard

Psychology Faculty Publications

Latent state-trait (LST) and latent growth curve (LGC) models are frequently used in the analysis of longitudinal data. Although it is well-known that standard single-indicator LGC models can be analyzed within either the structural equation modeling (SEM) or multilevel (ML; hierarchical linear modeling) frameworks, few researchers realize that LST and multivariate LGC models, which use multiple indicators at each time point, can also be specified as ML models. In the present paper, we demonstrate that using the ML-SEM rather than the SL-SEM framework to estimate the parameters of these models can be practical when the study involves (1) a large …


Temporal Contingency, C. R. Gallistel, Andrew R. Craig, Timothy A. Shahan Aug 2013

Temporal Contingency, C. R. Gallistel, Andrew R. Craig, Timothy A. Shahan

Psychology Faculty Publications

Contingency, and more particularly temporal contingency, has often figured in thinking about the nature of learning. However, it has never been formally defined in such a way as to make it a measure that can be applied to most animal learning protocols. We use elementary information theory to define contingency in such a way as to make it a measurable property of almost any conditioning protocol. We discuss how making it a measurable construct enables the exploration of the role of different contingencies in the acquisition and performance of classically and operantly conditioned behavior.


Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Among Adolescents, Michelle R. Woidneck, Kate L. Morrison, Michael P. Twohig Aug 2013

Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Among Adolescents, Michelle R. Woidneck, Kate L. Morrison, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Faculty Publications

The number of individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a small percentage of those exposed to trauma; many youth who do not meet criteria for PTSD continue to experience problematic posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptomology. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has shown preliminary effectiveness in the treatment of adult PTSD, but its effectiveness in treating PTS in youth is unknown. Using a multiple-baseline design, this study investigated the effectiveness of 10-weeks of ACT to treat PTS in youth. Four adolescents from a community sample and three adolescents from a residential sample participated. The Clinician Administered PTSD …


Parenting In Puerto Rican Families: Mothers And Father’S Self-Reported Practices, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Natalie Franceschi Rivera, Zulma Sella-Nieves, Jahaira Félix Fermín May 2013

Parenting In Puerto Rican Families: Mothers And Father’S Self-Reported Practices, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Natalie Franceschi Rivera, Zulma Sella-Nieves, Jahaira Félix Fermín

Psychology Faculty Publications

Little information is available on parenting practices of families living in Puerto Rico. In order to fll this gap, 55 two-parent Families with a 6 to 11 year old child were surveyed on contextual stressors known to impact parenting (i.e., depression, subjective economic status, parenting stress, marital satisFaction), parenting practices (i.e., skills building, positive involvement, problem solving, monitoring, and eFFective discipline), as well as child externalizing behavior problems. Data revealed a sample with relatively low selF-reported stressors, high endorsement oF parenting practices, and subclinical child externalizing behaviors. All measures were reliable, indicating potential For Future use in Puerto Rican samples. …


Dissociation Of The Role Of The Prelimbic Cortex In Interval Timing And Resource Allocation: Beneficial Effect Of Norepinephrine And Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor Nomifensine On Anxiety-Inducing Distraction, Alexander R. Matthews, Olivia H. He, Mona Buhusi, Catalin V. Buhusi Dec 2012

Dissociation Of The Role Of The Prelimbic Cortex In Interval Timing And Resource Allocation: Beneficial Effect Of Norepinephrine And Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor Nomifensine On Anxiety-Inducing Distraction, Alexander R. Matthews, Olivia H. He, Mona Buhusi, Catalin V. Buhusi

Psychology Faculty Publications

Emotional distracters impair cognitive function. Emotional processing is dysregulated in affective disorders such as depression, phobias, schizophrenia, and PTSD. Among the processes impaired by emotional distracters, and whose dysregulation is documented in affective disorders, is the ability to time in the seconds-to-minutes range, i.e. interval timing. Presentation of task-irrelevant distracters during a timing task results in a delay in responding suggesting a failure to maintain subjective time in working memory, possibly due to attentional and working memory resources being diverted away from timing, as proposed by the Relative Time-Sharing model. We investigated the role of the prelimbic cortex in the …


Delayed Matching To Sample: Reinforcement Has Opposite Effects On Resistance To Change In Two Related Procedures, John A. Nevin, Timothy A. Shahan, Amy L. Odum, Ryan D. Ward Dec 2012

Delayed Matching To Sample: Reinforcement Has Opposite Effects On Resistance To Change In Two Related Procedures, John A. Nevin, Timothy A. Shahan, Amy L. Odum, Ryan D. Ward

Psychology Faculty Publications

The effects of reinforcement on delayed matching to sample (DMTS) have been studied in two within-subjects procedures. In one, reinforcer magnitudes or probabilities vary from trial to trial and are signaled within trials (designated signaled DMTS trials). In the other, reinforcer probabilities are consistent for a series of trials produced by responding on variable-interval (VI) schedules within multiple-schedule components (designated multiple VI DMTS). In both procedures, forgetting functions in rich trials or components are higher than and roughly parallel to those in lean trials or components. However, during disruption, accuracy has been found to decrease more in rich than in …


Culturally Adapting An Evidence-Based Parenting Intervention For Latinos: Preliminary Implications For Family Therapy Practice And Research, José Rubén Parra-Cardona, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Marion S. Forgatch, Cris M. Sullivan, Deborah Bybee, Kendal Holtrop, Ana Rocío Escobar-Chew, Lisa Tams, Brian Dates, Guillermo Bernal Mar 2012

Culturally Adapting An Evidence-Based Parenting Intervention For Latinos: Preliminary Implications For Family Therapy Practice And Research, José Rubén Parra-Cardona, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Marion S. Forgatch, Cris M. Sullivan, Deborah Bybee, Kendal Holtrop, Ana Rocío Escobar-Chew, Lisa Tams, Brian Dates, Guillermo Bernal

Psychology Faculty Publications

Latinos constitute the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. However, the cultural adaptation and dissemination of evidence-based parenting interventions among Latino populations continues to be scarce despite extensive research that demonstrates the long-term positive effects of these interventions. The purpose of this article is threefold: (1) justify the importance of cultural adaptation research as a key strategy to disseminate efficacious interventions among Latinos, (2) describe the initial steps of a program of prevention research with Latino immigrants aimed at culturally adapting an evidence-based intervention informed by parent management training principles, and (3) discuss implications for advancing cultural adaptation …


Concurrent Chains Schedules As A Method To Study Choice Between Alcohol Associated Conditioned Reinforcers, Corina Jimenez-Gomez, Timothy A. Shahan Jan 2012

Concurrent Chains Schedules As A Method To Study Choice Between Alcohol Associated Conditioned Reinforcers, Corina Jimenez-Gomez, Timothy A. Shahan

Psychology Faculty Publications

An extensive body of research using concurrent-chains schedules of reinforcement has shown that choice for one of two differentially valued food-associated stimuli is dependent upon the overall temporal context in which those stimuli are embedded. The present experiments examined whether the concurrent chains procedure was useful for the study of behavior maintained by alcohol and alcohol-associated stimuli. In Experiment 1, rats responded on concurrent-chains schedules with equal variable-interval (VI) 10-s schedules in the initial links. Across conditions, fixed-interval schedules in the terminal links were varied to yield 1:1, 9:1, and 1:9 ratios of alcohol delivery. Initial-link response rates reflected changes …


Culture, Timothy B. Smith, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Guillermo Bernal Nov 2011

Culture, Timothy B. Smith, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Guillermo Bernal

Psychology Faculty Publications

This article summarizes the definitions, means, and research of adapting psychotherapy to clients' cultural backgrounds. We begin by reviewing the prevailing definitions of cultural adaptation and providing a clinical example. We present an original meta-analysis of 65 experimental and quasi-experimental studies involving 8,620 participants. The omnibus effect size of d = .46 indicates that treatments specifically adapted for clients of color were moderately more effective with that clientele than traditional treatments. The most effective treatments tended to be those with greater numbers of cultural adaptations. Mental health services targeted to a specific cultural group were several times more effective than …


Psi Chi Journal Now Serves All Psi Chi Members, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez Oct 2011

Psi Chi Journal Now Serves All Psi Chi Members, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez

Psychology Faculty Publications

The Psi Chi Journal of Undergraduate Research has undergone an exciting transformation into the Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, a peer-reviewed, indexed journal, that now accepts manuscripts from all Psi Chi members. This change provides an excellent opportunity to review the evolution of the Journal and submission criteria as well as the twists and turns that the life of a submitted manuscript takes potential authors through once manuscripts are entrusted to the Psi Chi Journal team.


How Does Psi Chi Journal Of Undergraduate Research Measure Up?, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez Apr 2011

How Does Psi Chi Journal Of Undergraduate Research Measure Up?, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez

Psychology Faculty Publications

Understanding the complexities inherent in descriptions of research journals can take significant time and energy, and in the end leave the average psychologist and psychology student wondering—what does it all mean? Why does this matter? In this column, I attempt to provide information to illuminate how journals are described and why we care. Additionally, I will review how our own journal, Psi Chi Journal of Undergraduate Research, measures up on these criteria. In short, Psi Chi Journal of Undergraduate Research is a scholarly journal that is peer-reviewed and indexed. Let’s explore these areas so you will feel very excited about …


A Model Of Resurgence Based On Behavioral Momentum Theory, Timothy A. Shahan, Mary M. Sweeney Jan 2011

A Model Of Resurgence Based On Behavioral Momentum Theory, Timothy A. Shahan, Mary M. Sweeney

Psychology Faculty Publications

Resurgence is the reappearance of an extinguished behavior when an alternative behavior reinforced during extinction is subsequently placed on extinction. Resurgence is of particular interest because it may be a source of relapse to problem behavior following treatments involving alternative reinforcement. In this article we develop a quantitative model of resurgence based on the augmented model of extinction provided by behavioral momentum theory. The model suggests that alternative reinforcement during extinction of a target response acts as both an additional source of disruption during extinction and as a source of reinforcement in the context that increases the future strength of …


Behavioral Momentum Theory: Equations And Applications, John A. Nevin, Timothy A. Shahan Jan 2011

Behavioral Momentum Theory: Equations And Applications, John A. Nevin, Timothy A. Shahan

Psychology Faculty Publications

Behavioral momentum theory provides a quantitative account of how reinforcers experienced within a discriminative stimulus context govern the persistence of behavior that occurs in that context. The theory suggests that all reinforcers obtained in the presence of a discriminative stimulus increase resistance to change, regardless of whether those reinforcers are contingent on the target behavior, are noncontingent, or are even contingent on an alternative behavior. In this paper, we describe the equations that constitute the theory and address their application to issues of particular importance in applied settings. The theory provides a framework within which to consider the effects of …


A Delay-Discounting Primer, Gregory J. Madden, Patrick S. Johnson Jan 2010

A Delay-Discounting Primer, Gregory J. Madden, Patrick S. Johnson

Psychology Faculty Publications

Given the importance of research findings and the potential of further research to aid in the prediction and control of impulsivity, the primary focus of this chapter (and this book) is on choice and the failure of future events to affect current decisions. In this primer chapter, we consider two types of impulsive choice: (a) preferring a smaller-sooner reward while forgoing a larger-later one and (b) preferring a larger-later aversive outcome over a smaller-sooner one. The first of these is exemplified by the toy-pilfering child with whom we opened this chapter. Taking the toy is immediately rewarded, but it is …


Discounting And Pathological Gambling, Nancy M. Petry, Gregory J. Madden Jan 2010

Discounting And Pathological Gambling, Nancy M. Petry, Gregory J. Madden

Psychology Faculty Publications

Pathological gambling is a disorder characterized by excessive gambling. It often occurs in conjunction with substance use disorders, and research is beginning to examine the association between these disorders, especially with regard to impulsivity and discounting. In this chapter, we initially review the diagnosis and prevalence rates of pathological gambling, including its comorbidity with substance use disorders. We then describe relations between personality measures of impulsivity and pathological gambling. Gamblers' patterns of choices on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and measures of delay and probability discounting are covered in depth, and we discuss the degree to which these choices are …


Parenting Practices Among First Generation Spanish-Speaking Latino Families: A Spanish Version Of The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Melissa R. Donovick, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez Jan 2008

Parenting Practices Among First Generation Spanish-Speaking Latino Families: A Spanish Version Of The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Melissa R. Donovick, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez

Psychology Faculty Publications

The present study examined the applicability of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire to a Spanishspeaking Latino population. Results of the reliability and concurrent validity testing suggest that the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire may be a valuable tool for use with Spanish-speaking Latino families. The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire in Spanish assessed parenting practices among 50 first-generation Spanish-speaking Latino families of primarily Mexican origin with a child between 4 and 9 years of age (n = 96 parents, n = 50 children). Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires in Spanish to assess parent and child behaviors. Results show that over 80% of parents included in …


An Empirical Taxonomy Of Incarcerated Male Sexual Offenders Using Finite Mixture Modeling: Adult Victims, Jamison D. Fargo Jan 2008

An Empirical Taxonomy Of Incarcerated Male Sexual Offenders Using Finite Mixture Modeling: Adult Victims, Jamison D. Fargo

Psychology Faculty Publications

The sexual victimization of women remains an endemic social, criminal, and public health problem. Much research has sought to identify risk and protective factors related to the sexual victimization of women so that prevention and intervention strategies can be more informed and targeted. Modern criminology has recognized the heterogeneous nature of many criminal behaviors in terms of their etiology, offender-, offense-, and victim-related characteristics. Such an approach has been labeled criminal profiling or criminal investigative analysis and yields richer information about the nature of crime than reliance on aggregate statistics (Hazelwood & Burgess, 2001). Knight (1999, p. 304) stated that …


The Effect Of Supplemental Instruction On Timely Graduation, Tyler J. Bowles, Adam C. Mccoy, Scott Bates Jan 2008

The Effect Of Supplemental Instruction On Timely Graduation, Tyler J. Bowles, Adam C. Mccoy, Scott Bates

Psychology Faculty Publications

Supplemental Instruction (SI) is a national program designed to aid college student learning. Many researchers have noted that analysis of the impact of the SI program on student achievement is problematic as a result of the inherent self-selection bias. We apply a sufficiently sophisticated statistical technique that controls for the self-selection problem and test the effect of student SI attendance in freshmen level courses on graduation success. Our analysis suggests that SI attendance in freshmen level courses has a statistically significant influence on graduation success. Indeed, SI attendance, everything else held constant, increases the probability of timely graduation by approximately …


Supporting And Encouraging Behavioral Research Among Distance Education Students, Scott Bates, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Michael J. Drysdale Oct 2007

Supporting And Encouraging Behavioral Research Among Distance Education Students, Scott Bates, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez, Michael J. Drysdale

Psychology Faculty Publications

Colleges and universities are reaching new audiences and helping students complete degrees and programs of study through distance education departments and programs. Distance education attracts working professionals, employed students, and single parents (Johnson, et al., 2003), who may otherwise not be able to engage in a traditional academic setting. These individuals can now enroll in single courses or full undergraduate and graduate programs. Distance education departments offer courses and degrees through various modes of delivery, including: independent study, online (via course management applications such as Blackboard), interactive broadcast (via satellite), and Ed-NET courses (via internet/webcam).


To Pay Or Not To Pay?: Legal And Ethical Issues In International Students’ Participation In Research, Ana A. L. Baumann, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez Apr 2007

To Pay Or Not To Pay?: Legal And Ethical Issues In International Students’ Participation In Research, Ana A. L. Baumann, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez

Psychology Faculty Publications

Research methods are typically drafted carefully to ensure that the research question on hand can be answered. Sample selection is influenced by issues of feasibility. For example, in the case of researchers interested in cross-cultural research, the cost of traveling abroad and the practical matters involved in data collection in another country may make cross-cultural research impossible to conduct. Research with samples of recently immigrated persons in the ethnic, national, and/or cultural group of interest might present a viable and defensible alternative to examine crosscultural differences in the constructs of interest. Recently, however, the authors learned that there are major …


Invited Professor Column: Seek An Education While Pursuing A Degree, Scott Bates Jan 2007

Invited Professor Column: Seek An Education While Pursuing A Degree, Scott Bates

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Learned Helplessness: The Effect Of Failure On Test-Taking, Michael W. Firmin, Chi-En Hwang, Margaret Copella, Sarah Clark Jan 2004

Learned Helplessness: The Effect Of Failure On Test-Taking, Michael W. Firmin, Chi-En Hwang, Margaret Copella, Sarah Clark

Psychology Faculty Publications

This study examined learned helplessness and its effect on test taking. Students were given one of two tests; the first began with extremely difficult questions and the other started with easy questions. We hypothesized that those who took the test beginning with difficult questions would become easily frustrated and possibly doubt their intellectual ability. This would result in the participants missing easy questions when compared to those who took the test which began with the easy questions. The result of the study confirmed our hypothesis. The results of this study could also be applied to other classroom tests and standardized …


Reduced Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease In Users Of Antioxidant Vitamin Supplements: The Cache County Study, Peter P. Zandi, James C. Anthony, Ara S. Khachaturian, Stephanie V. Stone, Deborah Gustafson, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, John C. S. Breitner Jan 2004

Reduced Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease In Users Of Antioxidant Vitamin Supplements: The Cache County Study, Peter P. Zandi, James C. Anthony, Ara S. Khachaturian, Stephanie V. Stone, Deborah Gustafson, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, John C. S. Breitner

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Antioxidants may protect the aging brain against oxidative damage associated with pathological changes of Alzheimer disease (AD). Objective: To examine the relationship between antioxidant supplement use and risk of AD. Design: Cross-sectional and prospective study of dementia. Elderly (65 years or older) county residents were assessed in 1995 to 1997 for prevalent dementia and AD, and again in 1998 to 2000 for incident illness. Supplement use was ascertained at the first contact. Setting: Cache County, Utah. Participants: Among 4740 respondents (93%) with data sufficient to determine cognitive status at the initial assessment, we identified 200 prevalent cases of AD. …


Coverage: Findings From A National Sample Of Introductory Psychology Syllabi, Scott Bates Jan 2004

Coverage: Findings From A National Sample Of Introductory Psychology Syllabi, Scott Bates

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


The Incidence Of Mental And Behavioral Disturbances In Dementia: The Cache County Study, Martin Steinberg, Jeannie-Marie E. Sheppard, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, David C. Steffens, John C. S. Breitner, Constantine G.. Lyketsos Jan 2003

The Incidence Of Mental And Behavioral Disturbances In Dementia: The Cache County Study, Martin Steinberg, Jeannie-Marie E. Sheppard, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, David C. Steffens, John C. S. Breitner, Constantine G.. Lyketsos

Psychology Faculty Publications

A population-based prevalence sample of 355 residents of Cache County, Utah, who were diagnosed with dementia, was rated on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Of the 355 residents, 119 had no neuropsychiatric symptoms at baseline and were, consequently, at risk for incident mental and behavioral disturbances. The NPI was readministered approximately 18 months later to 61 surviving participants. Sixty-nine percent developed at least one mental or behavioral symptom. Delusions were most common (28%), followed by apathy (21%), and aberrant motor behavior (21%). When this incidence rate of 69% was combined with a previously estimated prevalence rate of 61%, the cumulative 18-month …


Mental And Behavioral Disturbances In Dementia: Findings From The Cache County Study On Memory In Aging, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Martin Steinberg, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, David C. Steffens, John C. S. Breitner Jan 2000

Mental And Behavioral Disturbances In Dementia: Findings From The Cache County Study On Memory In Aging, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Martin Steinberg, Joann T. Tschanz, Maria C. Norton, David C. Steffens, John C. S. Breitner

Psychology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The authors report findings from a study of 5,092 community residents who constituted 90% of the elderly resident population of Cache County, Utah. METHOD: The 5,092 participants, who were 65 years old or older, were screened for dementia. Based on the results of this screen, 1,002 participants (329 with dementia and 673 without dementia) underwent comprehensive neuropsychiatric examinations and were rated on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, a widely used method for ascertainment and classification of dementia-associated mental and behavioral disturbances. RESULTS: Of the 329 participants with dementia, 214 (65%) had Alzheimer’s disease, 62 (19%) had vascular dementia, and 53 (16%) …


Alcohol And Drug Consumption Among Students From Pachuca, Hidalgo, E. Guiot Rojas, C. Fleiz Bautista, M. E. Medina-Mora, M. A. Morón, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez Jan 1999

Alcohol And Drug Consumption Among Students From Pachuca, Hidalgo, E. Guiot Rojas, C. Fleiz Bautista, M. E. Medina-Mora, M. A. Morón, Melanie M. Domenech-Rodriguez

Psychology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE. To determine the prevalence of alcohol and drug consumption and its relationship to sociodemographic variables, leisure activities, antisocial behavior, family norms and conflicts, among others. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Data derive from a representative survey of 1 929 students of junior high and high school, conducted in 1996 in the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Of these, 44.9% were boys and 52.5% were girls; mean age was 14. A self-applied questionnaire, prepared by the WHO together with some countries, among them Mexico, was completed by the studied subjects, and included indicators of alcohol and drug consumption. RESULTS. Of the total …


Understanding Power In The College Classroom, Aubrey Immelman Mar 1997

Understanding Power In The College Classroom, Aubrey Immelman

Psychology Faculty Publications

This article presents a theoretical framework for conceptualizing power relations in educational settings and argues that research on the metamorphic effects of social power provides an empirical basis for the constructive use of power in the college classroom. It recommends that teachers should concentrate on strengthening their informational, expert, and referent power bases; limit their use of legitimate and reward power; and avoid the exercise of coercive power at practically any cost.