Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons^™

Evaluating The Contribution Of Schools To The Development Of Young People As Future Citizens, Bruno Losito, Elisa Caponera, Cristiano Corsini, Paola Mirti

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

This paper will illustrate how the contribution of schools to students’ civic knowledge and attitudes was analyzed in ICCS 2009. It is divided into three parts. The first part illustrates the constructs and variables included in the ICCS instruments (student, teacher and school questionnaires) and their relationship with findings from previous studies about civic and citizenship education and school effectiveness. The second part of the paper presents some major findings for European countries in relation to the influence of school context on student outcomes. While comparing them with the results from other studies, this paper discusses the extent to which …

Measuring Civic Knowledge Among Young Adolescents In The International Civic And Citizenship Education Study, Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz, John Ainley

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

Young people’s acquisition of knowledge about, and their development of and understanding of key concepts in, civics and citizenship is widely seen as an important function of most education systems. From a national perspective, civic knowledge would typically encompass aspects related to the country’s political system and its institutions, rights and responsibilities of citizens, mechanisms of engagement in society as well as general concepts (such as national identity, tolerance or shared values) (Schulz, Ainley, Fraillon, Kerr & Losito, 2010a & 2010b). Depending on the curriculum for civic and citizenship education in a country, it would be expected that these aspects …

Assessing The Intended Participation Of Young Adolescents As Future Citizens: Comparing Results From 26 European Countries, John Ainley, Tim Friedman, David Kerr, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

Recent developments in the economic and social politics of Europe have led to a quickened interest in the intentions of young people to participate as citizens. This paper focuses on students from 26 European countries who were in Grade 8 in 2009 and who will typically gain formal electoral rights in 2013. It analyzes young adolescents' intentions to participate as citizens through political participation as adults through electoral and active political participation. The paper is based on the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study which investigated the ways in which young people in lower secondary schools were being prepared …

Social Origin And Citizenship Participation In Latin American Schools, Juan Castillo

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

Empirical research in political participation has consistently shown that participation is characteristic of those with higher socio-economic status and formal education (Brady, Verba, & Schlozman, 1995; Lijphart, 1997; Dalton, 1988; Han, 2009; Marien, Hooghe, & Quintelier, 2010). Socio-economic status differences among citizens are accentuated in societies with high economic inequality as the Latin American ones (De Ferranti et al., 2003; Deininger & Squire, 1996; Dion, 2007; Hoffman & Centeno, 2003; Korzeniewicz & Smith, 2000), and therefore it would be expected to find political inequality in terms of participation in this region (Côrtes & Dubrow, 2011). Such a link is not …

Civic Participation At School And School-Based Community Participation, Elisa Caponera, Bruno Losito, Paola Mirti

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The idea of civic and citizenship education underpinning ICCS recognizes that civic and citizenship knowledge, dispositions to engage and attitudes related to civic and citizenship education are linked to the variety of contexts where students live, including family background, classrooms, schools, and the wider community (Schulz, Ainley, Fraillon, Losito, Kerr, 2008; Schulz, Ainley, Fraillon, Kerr, Losito, 2010). Particular importance is given to the actual opportunities students have to actively participate in school life and in the community where the school is located. The first part of this paper will provide a general overview of how schools in the countries participating …

Latin American Perspectives On Civic And Citizenship Education, Wolfram Schulz, Eugenio Gonzalez

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) focused on the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens. Preparing students for citizenship involves developing relevant knowledge and understanding as well as encouraging the formation of positive attitudes toward being a citizen. The conceptual background for, and the design of ICCS were described in the assessment framework (Schulz, Fraillon, Ainley, Losito, & Kerr, 2008) and the international results were reported in its international reports (Schulz, Ainley, Fraillon, Kerr & Losito, 2010a & 2010b). This paper gives an overview of the results from the regional assessment …

Multi-Level Analysis Of Factors Explaining Differences In Civic Knowledge, Wolfram Schulz, Julian Fraillon, John Ainley, Eva Van De Gaer

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study studied the ways in which young people in lower secondary schools are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a wide range of countries including Europe, Latin America, and the Asian-Pacific region. ICCS was the third IEA study designed to measure contexts and outcomes of civic and citizenship education and was linked to the 1999 IEA Civic Education Study (CIVED) (Amadeo, Torney-Purta, Lehmann, Husfeldt & Nikolova, 2002; Schulz & Sibberns, 2004; Torney-Purta, Lehmann, Oswald & Schulz, 2001). A central aspect of the study was the assessment of student knowledge about a …

The Roles Of Schools And Communities In Civic And Citizenships Education, Elisa Caponera, Bruno Losito

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The first part of the present paper is an overview of school and community roles in students’ civic and citizenship education across ICCS countries. Data from school and teacher questionnaires were used to describe how schools and communities contribute to the development of students’ civic knowledge. The second part investigates, through multi-level analysis, the relationship between a selection of variables at student and school levels and a selection of student attitudes. More specifically, the attitudes taken into account are: attitudes toward equal gender rights, toward equal rights for immigrants, and toward equal rights for ethnic/racial groups.

Expected Participation In Protest Activities Among Lower Secondary Students In 38 Countries, John Ainley, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) investigated the ways in which young people in lower secondary schools (specifically in their eighth year of school) are being prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a wide range of countries in Europe, Latin America, and the Asian-Pacific region. ICCS is the third IEA1 study designed to study outcomes of civic and citizenship education (CCE) and is linked to the 1999 IEA Civic Education Study (CIVED) (Amadeo, Torney-Purta, Lehmann, Husfeldt & Nikolova, 2002; Schulz & Sibberns, 2004; Torney-Purta, Lehmann, Oswald & Schulz, 2001). Results from this study have been …

Iccs 2009 Latin American Report : Civic Knowledge And Attitudes Among Lower-Secondary Students In Six Latin American Countries, Wolfram Schulz, John Ainley, Tim Friedman, Petra Lietz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) focused on the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens. Preparing students for citizenship involves developing relevant knowledge and understanding as well as encouraging the formation of positive attitudes toward being a citizen. Descriptions of the conceptual background for and the design of ICCS appear in the publication detailing the ICCS assessment framework (Schulz, Fraillon, Ainley, Losito, & Kerr, 2008). Regional contexts are important for civic and citizenship education because they shape how people undertake their roles as citizens. ICCS included, in addition to the core …

Preparedness For Active Citizenship Among Lower Secondary Students In International Comparison, Wolfram Schulz, John Ainley, Eva Van De Gaer

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study investigates the ways in which young people in lower secondary schools are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a wide range of countries from Europe, Latin America, and the Asian-Pacific region. A central aspect of students' preparedness to become citizens in a democracy is their disposition to actively participate in society. This paper contains an analysis of measures of students' intentions to participate as citizens in civic life and students' current participation in civic activities in their eighth year of schooling. It is based on data from approximately 140,000 students …

Explaining Differences In Civic Knowledge Across 38 Countries, Wolfram Schulz, Julian Fraillon, John Ainley, Eva Van De Gaer

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study studied the ways in which young people in lower secondary schools are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a wide range of countries in Europe, Latin America, and the Asian-Pacific region. A central aspect of the study was the assessment of student knowledge about a wide range of civic and citizenship-related issues. This paper includes analyses that use a multi-level model to explain differences in civic knowledge on the basis of student characteristics, home background and school contexts. In addition, the analyses in this paper include a consideration of factors …

The Analysis Of Measurement Equivalence In International Studies Using The Rasch Model, Wolfram Schulz, Julian Fraillon

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

No abstract provided.

National Assessment Program : Civics And Citizenship Years 6 And 10 Report 2007, Ministerial Council On Education, Employment, Training And Youth Affairs (Mceetya), Suzanne Mellor

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The 2007 National Civics and Citizenship Sample Assessment report is the second to be published on Civics and Citizenship in the cycle of three-yearly sample assessments conducted by MCEETYA as part of its National Assessment Program (NAP). The assessment measured students’ civic knowledge and understanding and their citizenship participation skills and dispositions. The assessment was conducted in October 2007 with 7,059 Year 6 students from 349 schools and 5,506 Year 10 students from 269 schools participating. The participating students were from both government and non-government schools. Results of the assessment show that nationally, 54 per cent of Year 6 students …

Concept And Design Of The International Civic And Citizenship Study., Julian Fraillon, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The purpose of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) is to investigate, in a range of countries, the ways in which young people are prepared and consequently ready and able to undertake their roles as citizens. In pursuit of this purpose, the study will report on student achievement in a test of conceptual understandings and competencies in civics and citizenship. It will also collect and analyse, as additional outcome variables, data about student activities, dispositions, and attitudes related to civic and citizenship education. The collection of contextual data will help to explain variation in the outcome variables. The …

Collecting School And Teacher Data In International Civic And Citizenship Study, Gabriella Agrusti, Bruno Losito

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

Characteristics of the school context and its impact on the development of students’ knowledge, as well as their dispositions and competencies in relation to their roles as citizens, are especially important for a study of civics and citizenship education. The school in itself represents both the principal institution in which young people are directly involved and, at the same time, the foremost community in which they can actively participate. Various characteristics of school context affect both the development of a formal and informal civic and citizenship curriculum, as well as the students actual learning experience within school in relation to …

Assessing Student Knowledge, Background And Perceptions In The International Civic And Citizenship Study, Wolfram Schulz, Falk Brese

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

It is over the ten years since IEA last investigated civic education, and in that time new challenges have emerged in educating young people for their roles as citizens in the 21st century. These challenges have stimulated renewed reflection on the meanings of citizenship and the roles of and approaches to civic and citizenship education. In many countries there is a growing interest in using evidence to improve policy and practice in civic and citizenship education. ICCS is the third international IEA study in this area and it is explicitly linked through common questions to the IEA Civic Education Study …

Assessing Citizenship Skills In Latin America. The Development Of A Regional Module As Part Of The International Civic And Citizenship Study, Fernando M. Reimers

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

No abstract provided.

Studying Civic And Citizenship Education In The European Context, David Kerr, Joana Lopes

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

This paper explores how civic and citizenship education in the European context is being addressed through the new IEA International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS). It sets out the rationale for the inclusion of a European regional perspective as a new and innovative part of the study. It focuses in particular on the rationales for the purpose and content of the European Module. It describes the process of construction of the European Module instruments and outlines how the outcomes will be reported.

An International Perspective On Active Citizenship Among Lower Secondary Students, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The new IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) will investigate the extent to which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens across a range of countries. ICCS will survey 13-to-14-year old students in over 30 countries in the year 2009. The ICCS outcome data will be obtained from representative samples of students in their eighth year of schooling and context data from the students, their schools and teachers. ICCS is the third international IEA study in this area and it is explicitly linked through common questions to the IEA Civic Education Study (CIVED) which was …

Civic And Citizenship Education In 2009 (Iccs): A Comparative Study, Wolfram Schulz, John Ainley

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

It is over the ten years since IEA last investigated civic education, and in that time new challenges have emerged in educating young people for their roles as citizens in the 21st century. These challenges have stimulated renewed reflection on the meanings of citizenship and the roles of and approaches to civic and citizenship education. In many countries there is a growing interest in using evidence to improve policy and practice in civic and citizenship education. The purpose of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) is to investigate the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake …

Political Efficacy And Expected Participation Among Lower And Upper Secondary Students. A Comparative Analysis With Data From The Iea Civic Education Study, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

The process of political socialisation of adolescents includes more than the acquisition of knowledge about society, citizenship and the political system. In a democracy, citizens are expected to participate actively in the political process. Active participation, however, requires citizens to believe in their own ability to influence the course of politics, in other words, to feel politically efficacious. Therefore, enhancing control beliefs and the willingness to act politically could be viewed as important areas of civic and citizenship education. This paper examines changes in levels and relationships regarding efficacy and expected participation using data from students at different stages of …

Iea Civic Education Study. Technical Report, Wolfram Schulz, Heiko Sibberns

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

No abstract provided.

Explaining Differences In Civic Knowledge: Multilevel Regression Analyses Of Student Data From 27 Countries, Wolfram Schulz

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

What explains the differences in student knowledge about Democracy, institutions and Citizenship and their skills in interpreting political communication? Does the amount of 'civic knowledge' depend mainly on the home environment, on the students' level of communication and activities in the area of politics, or does school make a difference in acquiring this knowledge? Which student-level and school-level factors do have an effect on cognitive abilities in this domain? The second lEA Civic Education Study provides data on 14-year-old students from 28 countries from Europe, North America, South America, Asia and the Pacific which can be used to study the …

Civic Knowledge And Engagement: An Iea Study Of Upper Secondary Students In Sixteen Countries, Jo-Ann Amadeo, Judith Torney-Purta, Rainer Lehmann, Vera Husfeldt, Roumiana Nikolova

Civics and Citizenship Assessment

No abstract provided.

Children's Entertainment, Irma Schnierer

Future of Education

Children need entertainment as much as they need food, clothing and education. In fact, entertainment is part of education, and education and entertainment can be interlocked to their mutual advantage. The ideal would be to have entertaining education and educational entertainment. There are still many parents, teachers and other educationists who are not in favour of entertainment for children, irrespective of whether it is good or bad, because they think it distracts the children from their home and school duties. They are right in so far as entertainment by the cinema, radio and other agencies should not be allowed to …

Education For Livelihood., Leslie William Phillips

Future of Education

Every normal citizen is faced with the problem of acquiring some skill for which the community is prepared to reward him. He may, like the engineer, add years of special study to the normal years of schooling, or like the unskilled labourer learn on the job to use a pick and shovel, or like the artist live on a crust in the hope that society will eventually recognize his talent. [p.3]

It is obvious that educational planning must take special account of this problem of preparing for livelihood. The problem has many different facets. At what age should preparation commence? …

Adult Education In Post-War Australia, Colin Robert Badger

Future of Education

It cannot be denied that we will need more and more adult education in post-war Australia. There are many encouraging signs that the people of Australia are becoming aware of the deficiencies of their educational systems, and that reform and reconstruction, long overdue, will be bought about by the steady pressure of public opinion. There is a strong demand for a general raising of the school leaving age, for revised and better curricula, for better professional training for teachers, and for far more liberal provision of school buildings and equipment. And there is, fortunately, an increasingly strong demand for adult …

Education For Parenthood., Zoe Benjamin

Future of Education

It would be absurd to expect that all parents should be perfect; but with adequate facilities for education and training, we could have, in each generation, a steadily increasing number of men and women capable of carrying out their parental responsibilities with wisdom. [p.5]

The author then proceeds to offer advice to parents on assisting in the education of children at various age levels. This includes many topics, from how they spend their leisure time to making sure they meet their psychological needs.

From School To Work : A Plea For Vocational Guidance., W.M O'Neil

Future of Education

Practically every young Australian leaving school goes to work and the choice of that work is a momentous decision for both the young person and his parents. [p.3]

Unfortunately, the business of choosing a career has become progressively more difficult. Three changes are mentioned to illustrate this. In the first place the increasing variety of modern occupations has created a larger field from which selection has to be made. In the second place, modern mechanized production has taken much of the skill of the old craftsman and put it into the machines. [p.5, ed]

In the third place, few occupations …