Education Commons^™

Association Of Urban Green Space With Mental Health And General Health Among Adults In Australia, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Xiaoqi Feng

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Importance: Recent studies indicate that living near more green space may support mental and general health and may also prevent depression. However, most studies are cross-sectional, and few have considered whether some types of green space matter more for mental health.

Objective: To assess whether total green space or specific types of green space are associated with better mental health.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included a residentially stable, city-dwelling sample of 46786 participants from Sydney, Wollongong, and Newcastle, Australia, in the baseline of the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study (data collected from January 1, 2006, to …

Single Portion Packaging And The Use Of User Test Protocols To Determine Patient Accessibility, Alaster Yoxall, Alison F. Bell, K Gee, Caroline Lecko

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In 2015, the UK National Health Service (NHS) established a taskforce to review single portion food and beverage packaging, which has been identified as a potential challenge to users in hospitals. Hence, a study was undertaken to determine the suitability and accessibility of the current single portion packs. The packaging was assessed using ISO 17480 (Guidelines for Accessible Packaging), Annex D. The standard determines a pass or fail of packaging opening asking a panel 20 older adults to open a pack. A pack is recorded as a failure if within the 20 people cohort, there is an example of pack …

Investigating The Mediators And Moderators Of Child Body Mass Index Change In The Time2bhealthy Childhood Obesity Prevention Program For Parents Of Preschool-Aged Children, Megan L. Hammersley, Anthony D. Okely, Marijka Batterham, Rachel A. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore factors which mediated or moderated the effect of the Time2bHealthy online program for parents of preschool-aged children on body mass index (BMI) change. Study design: Mediation and moderation analyses of data from a two-arm parallel randomised controlled trial. Methods: Randomisation was conducted after baseline measures. The intervention group received an 11-week online program, and the comparison group received emailed links to information from an evidence-based parenting website. Data on the primary outcome (child BMI), potential mediators (energy intake, fruit and vegetable intake, discretionary food intake, physical activity, screen-time, sleep, child feeding, …

Engaging With Bourdieu's Theory Of Practice: An Empirical Tool For Exploring School Students' Technology Practice, Tiffani L. Apps, Karley A. Beckman, Sue Bennett

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article presents Bourdieu's theory of practice as a tool for exploring school students' technology practice in empirical research. The authors provide educational technology researchers with an accessible introduction to the theory of practice. They then detail the conceptual, methodological and analytic application of the theory of practice in two educational technology studies. The application of the theory in the two studies highlights the potential of the sociological framing for informing a robust critical research agenda and understanding the circumstances that can contribute to digital inequalities. Practically, knowledge gained through theoretically informed research is critical for researchers, governments, schools and …

Comparing Neuropsychological Performance In Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Healthy Controls: An Online Study, Olivia Winkworth, Susan J. Thomas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aims: Both obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and adult attention deficit hyperactivity. disorder (ADHD) are associated with neuropsychological underperformance, however few studies have directly compared neuropsychological performance between individuals with OCD versus those with ADHD. Additionally, previous studies have often included participants with comorbid conditions including depression, which may confound results.

Method: Adults with existing diagnoses of OCD (n = 20) or ADHD (n = 71) without comorbid disorders, and controls (n = 63) completed online measures of symptoms of OCD, ADHD and depressive symptoms, and tasks assessing executive functions, working memory, inhibition and attention using an online cognitive testing platform. Analyses …

A Sound Track To Ecological Crisis: Tracing Guitars All The Way Back To The Tree, Christopher R. Gibson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Analyses of music and environment are proliferating, yet new conceptions are needed to make sense of growing ecological crisis in the Anthropocene. From an empirical project tracing guitars all the way back to the tree, I argue for deeper conceptual and empirical integration of music into the material and visceral processes that constitute ecological crisis itself. Musicians are not only inspired by environmental concerns for compositional or activist purposes. They are entangled in environmental crisis through material and embodied relations with ecosystems, especially via the musical instruments we depend upon. I foreground three 'more-than-musical' themes to make sense of unfurling …

The Material Politics Of Smart Building Energy Management: A View From Sydney's Commercial Office Space, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Robyn Dowling, Chantel A. Carr

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The potential of cities in leveraging energy transformation is increasingly recognised, with a growing focus on urban built environments. In this paper we focus on smart building energy management as an increasingly pivotal material means through which energy transformation comes to matter in cities, and through which buildings are politicised in the negotiation of energy transformation. We advance a material political analysis of the case of Sydney's premium commercial office building sector to explore how such buildings are conferred with political capacity. We explicitly extend this material politics framework to pluralise the 'whereabouts' of the politics of energy transformation, expanding …

'Learning To Leave' Or 'Striving To Stay': Considering The Desires And Decisions Of Rural Young People In Relation To Post-Schooling Futures, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Erica Southgate, Ann Jardine, Janine Delahunty

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article presents an examination of how rural young people contemplate their post-schooling futures and how understandings of mobility inform this decision making. While the 'push' and 'pull' of rural living has been documented in the literature, rarely has this drawn on the combined perspectives of rural high school students and teachers. Drawing upon interviews and video transcripts created with rural young people and combined with teacher focus groups, this article provides nuanced insight into the complex and negotiated nature of decisions, desires and dreams about life after school. The data has been drawn from a research project that worked …

Nature Conservation And Nature-Based Tourism: A Paradox?, Isabelle D. Wolf, David B. Croft, Ronda J. Green

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Throughout the world, areas have been reserved for their exceptional environmental values, such as high biodiversity. Financial, political and community support for these protected areas is often dependent on visitation by nature-based tourists. This visitation inevitably creates environmental impacts, such as the construction and maintenance of roads, tracks and trails; trampling of vegetation and erosion of soils; and propagation of disturbance of resilient species, such as weeds. This creates tension between the conservation of environmental values and visitation. This review examines some of the main features of environmental impacts by nature-based tourists through a discussion of observational and manipulative studies. …

Grounded Theory And Empirical Ethics, Stacy M. Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Building on the success of the bestselling The SAGE Handbook of Grounded Theory (2007), this title provides a much-needed and up-to-date overview, integrating some revised and updated chapters with new ones exploring recent developments in grounded theory and research methods in general. The highly acclaimed editors have once again brought together a team of key academics from a wide range of disciplines, perspectives and countries. This is a method-defining resource for advanced students and researchers across the social sciences. Chapters are arranged around the following parts: Part One: The Grounded Theory Method: 50 Years On; Part Two: Theories and Theorizing …

'Those Are The Things That We Need To Be Talking About': The Impact Of Learning About The History Of Racial Oppression During Ghana Study Abroad, Katarzyna J. Olcon, Rose Pulliam, Dorie Gilbert

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article examined what U.S. college students who participated in a Ghana study abroad program learned about the history of racial oppression and the meaning-making that resulted from that knowledge. Based on inductive thematic analysis of a variety of qualitative data sources, four themes were identified: (1) the suffering and resilience of African and African descent people; (2) 'it's still happening today'; (3) 'you don't learn about that in school'; and (4) remembrance, equity, and healing. Students expressed frustration with the U.S. education system which 'breezes through' the topics of slavery and colonialism. As connections between the past and present …

Cognitive Architecture And Instructional Design: 20 Years Later, John Sweller, Jeroen J. G Van Merrienboer, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Cognitive load theory was introduced in the 1980s as an instructional design theory based on several uncontroversial aspects of human cognitive architecture. Our knowledge of many of the characteristics of working memory, long-term memory and the relations between them had been well-established for many decades prior to the introduction of the theory. Curiously, this knowledge had had a limited impact on the field of instructional design with most instructional design recommendations proceeding as though working memory and long-term memory did not exist. In contrast, cognitive load theory emphasised that all novel information first is processed by a capacity and duration …

Supporting Self-Regulated Learning In Online Learning Environments And Moocs: A Systematic Review, Jacqueline Wong, Martine Baars, Dan Davis, Tim Van Der Zee, Geert-Jan Houben, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) allow learning to take place anytime and anywhere with little external monitoring by teachers. Characteristically, highly diverse groups of learners enrolled in MOOCs are required to make decisions related to their own learning activities to achieve academic success. Therefore, it is considered important to support self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and adapt to relevant human factors (e.g., gender, cognitive abilities, prior knowledge). SRL supports have been widely investigated in traditional classroom settings, but little is known about how SRL can be supported in MOOCs. Very few experimental studies have been conducted in MOOCs at present. To …

Parenting And Personality Disorder: An Overview And Meta-Synthesis Of Systematic Reviews, Kayla Steele, Michelle L. Townsend, Brin F. S Grenyer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background/Objectives: Maladaptive parenting (including childhood maltreatment, abuse and neglect) has been implicated in the scientific literature exploring the aetiology of personality disorder, particularly borderline personality disorder (BPD). Our primary objective was to summarise the evidence on the relationship between parenting and personality disorder, assisting clinical decision-makers to translate this research into clinical policy and practice.

Methods: We conducted an overview of systematic reviews that assessed individuals with personality disorder pathology for experiences of maladaptive parenting, compared to psychiatric or healthy comparisons/controls, and the impact on psychopathological and relational outcomes. Systematic literature searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, …

Learning To 'Be' A University Student: First In Family Students Negotiating Membership Of The University Community, Olivia Groves, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

An integral part of the higher education (HE) journey is the act of 'becoming' a student, however students who are first in their families (FiF) to attend university have had limited exposure to the HE environment. Innovatively for research with this cohort, this paper draws on situated learning theory to examine how learning to become a university student occurs through participation within the university community of practice. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with FiF learners at the end of their degrees, i.e. successful students, the analysis describes students' movement from initial participation at the periphery of the university community to fuller …

Effects Of Steering Locomotion And Teleporting On Cybersickness And Presence In Hmd-Based Virtual Reality, Jeremy Clifton, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

While head-mounted display-based virtual reality (VR) can produce compelling feelings of presence (or "being there") in its users, it also often induces motion sickness. This study compared the presence, cybersickness and perceptions of self-motion (or "vection") induced when using two common methods of virtual locomotion: steering locomotion and teleporting. In four trials, conducted over two separate days, 25 participants repeatedly explored the "Red Fall" virtual environment in the game Nature Treks VR for 16 min at a time. Although steering locomotion was found to be more sickening on average than teleporting, 9 participants reported more severe sickness while teleporting. On …

The Uk Labour Party Wants To Abolish Private Schools - Could We Do That In Australia?, Paul Andrew Kidson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The UK's Labour Party recently voted in a policy to effectively abolish private schools and integrate them into the state system. This is a courageous move designed to redress social inequity - many of those working in the top levels of the UK government were educated in private schools. Two of Britain's three most recent prime ministers went to the prestigious Eton College, which charges annual fees of more than £40,000. The UK opposition party's plan will likely warm the hearts of similarly minded Australians. Many of the same arguments about educational inequality have been floated in Australia. Many individuals …

Flexible Learning Spaces Facilitate Interaction, Collaboration And Behavioural Engagement In Secondary School, Katharina Elisabeth Kariippanon, Dylan P. Cliff, Sarah Lancaster, Anthony D. Okely, Anne-Maree Parrish

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Globally, many schools are replacing traditional classrooms with innovative flexible learning spaces to improve academic outcomes. Little is known about the effect on classroom behaviour. Students from nine secondary schools (n = 60, M age = 13.2±1.0y) were observed via momentary time sampling for a 30 minute period, in both a traditionally furnished and arranged classroom and a flexible learning space containing a variety of furniture options to accommodate different pedagogical approaches and learning styles. The teaching approaches in both conditions were documented. In traditional classrooms the approach was predominantly teacher-led and in the flexible learning space it was student-centred. …

Association Of Dairy Product Consumption With Metabolic And Inflammatory Biomarkers In Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Labmed Study, Sandra Abreu, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Rute Santos, Carla Moreira, Luis Carlos Oliveira Lopes, Carla Goncalves, Jose Oliveira-Santos, Eduarda Sousa-Sa, Bruno Rodrigues, Jorge Mota, Rafaela Rosario

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese adolescents, and whether the association differed by weight status. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the school year 2011/2012 with 412 Portuguese adolescents (52.4% girls) in 7th and 10th grade (aged 12 to 18 years old). The World Health Organization cutoffs were used to categorize adolescents as non-overweight (NW) or overweight (OW). Blood samples were collected to analyze C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, and adiponectin. Dairy product intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided by tertiles according …

Interventions In Outside-School Hours Childcare Settings For Promoting Physical Activity Amongst Schoolchildren Aged 4 To 12 Years, Rosa Virgara, Carol Maher, Lucy Lewis, Anna Phillips, Luke Wolfenden, Anthony D. Okely, Michael W. Beets, Mandy Richardson, Katherine Baldock

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: The primary objective is to assess the effects of physical activity interventions for increasing physical activity in children aged 4 to 12 years in outside-school hours childcare settings (i.e. the hours of the day when formal school lessons have either not begun or have finished and/or during school holiday periods). Our secondary objectives are to assess the effects of interventions on markers of children's cardiovascular health, quality of life, process evaluation and to identify any unintended adverse outcomes (e.g. injuries, distress).

Reflective Practice To Guide Teacher Learning: A Practitioner's Journey With Beginner Adult English Language Learners, Skye Playsted

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Reflective practice in TESOL is widely used in pre-service and in-service teacher education contexts and is regarded as beneficial for ongoing professional learning. While models of reflective language teaching vary, they all aim to improve classroom outcomes for teachers and students. A holistic approach to reflective practice includes teachers' beliefs, philosophies and the interaction of their teaching practices with moral and social issues outside the classroom as part of the self-reflective teaching process (Farrell, 2015; Larrivee, 2000). Reflecting on the teaching journey in this way can help teachers make sense of how individual beliefs about teaching interact with professional experiences, …

'Sticky' Foods: How School Practices Produce Negative Emotions For Mothers And Children, Claire E. Tanner, Janemaree Maher, Deana Leahy, Jo Lindsay, Sian Supski, Jan Wright

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper addresses health messages that are carried home from school - a space where childhood obesity prevention measures are being transmitted to families, and mothers in particular. We consider what emotions are being produced for mothers and children in the enactment of current school health initiatives, especially those aimed at 'improving' family food practices. Our analysis draws on interviews with parents and primary-school-aged children (n = 50) in Australia collected as part of a project on children's role as health advocates in family contexts. Using Sara Ahmed's work on emotions and John Law's concept of 'collateral realities', we consider …

Childcare Physical Activity Interventions: A Discussion Of Similarities And Differences And Trends, Issues, And Recommendations, Rachel A. Jones, Eduarda Sousa-Sa, Michele Peden, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings have a pivotal role in the promotion of physical activity for young children, and thus, the number of ECEC-based physical activity interventions has exponentially increased in the last two decades. The aim of this study was three-fold: (1) to discuss some of the similarities and differences in ECEC-based physical activity interventions, (2) to highlight current trends and issues in the ECEC sector relating to such interventions, and (3) to provide recommendations for future interventions. Twenty-four individual studies are discussed. Most studies have targeted children aged between 3 and 5 years and involved children …

Sharing Cities: Creating Space And Practice For New Urban Agency, Capacities And Subjectivities, Inka Santala, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In recent years, cities across the world have witnessed the emergence of alternative economic practices that have come to challenge norms related to production and consumption. Although a plethora of research has started to emerge on this sharing economy, less attention has been paid to community-led and potentially transformative sharing practices that prioritize peer-to-peer collaboration, equity, and increasing social capital above financial benefits. Following the work of a community-based initiative Share Sydney, this research seeks to understand practices of communal sharing as they emerge in the City of Sydney, Australia. Drawing analysis particularly from the group's Sharing Map project, we …

Post‐Marketing Studies Of Pharmaceutical Opioid Abuse‐Deterrent Formulations: A Framework For Research Design And Reporting, Amy Peacock, Briony K. Larance, Raimondo Bruno, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Nicholas A. Buckley, Michael P. Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background and aims Opioid formulations with properties to deter abuse (abuse‐deterrent formulations; ADFs) have been developed as one response to the prescription opioid 'epidemic'. As for all medicines, ADFs undergo evaluation of safety and efficacy prior to registration for marketing. However, reduced extra‐medical use (the primary intended outcome of ADFs and reason for their introduction) can only be established in post‐marketing observational studies, comparing them to opioid formulations without abuse‐deterrent properties. This has implications for various features of study design and analysis. We discuss proposals for the design, conduct, governance and reporting of post‐marketing studies on the effectiveness of pharmaceutical …

Energy Expenditure Associated With Posture Transitions In Preschool Children, Katherine Downing, Xanne Janssen, Dylan P. Cliff, Anthony D. Okely, John J. Reilly

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Despite growing scientific interest in the benefits of breaking up sedentary time with intermittent standing or walking, few studies have investigated the energy cost of posture transitions. This study aimed to determine whether posture transitions are associated with increased energy expenditure in preschool children. Methods Forty children (mean age 5.3 ± 1.0y) completed a ~150-min room calorimeter protocol involving sedentary, light, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity activities. This study utilised data from ~65-min of the protocol, during which children were undertaking sedentary behaviours (TV viewing, drawing/colouring in, and playing with toys on the floor). Posture was coded as sit/lie, stand, …

Remembering And Forgetting 1974: The 2011 Brisbane Floods And Memories Of An Earlier Disaster, Scott J. Mckinnon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The city of Brisbane, capital of the Australian state of Queensland, sits on a floodplain and has been struck by two devastating flood disasters in the last 50 years. This article contributes to the growing literature on disaster memory by tracing memories of a flood in 1974 as they were constructed and re-enacted in a more recent disaster in 2011. The article examines how disaster memories shape local identities and considers how such memories influence policy and local knowledge, doing so by reference to an analysis of three forms of memory media-personal narratives, news media reporting, and built memorials. At …

Does Dissatisfaction With, Or Accurate Perception Of Overweight Status Help People Reduce Weight? Longitudinal Study Of Australian Adults, Xiaoqi Feng, Andrew Wilson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: With studies around the world suggesting a large proportion of people do not recognise that they are overweight (or feel satisfied with being overweight), this fuels the view that such 'misperceptions' need to be 'corrected'. However, few longitudinal studies have examined the consequences of under-perceived weight status, nor over-perceived weight status (when a person feels overweight when they are not) and weight-related satisfaction on trajectories in body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Five-year BMI trajectories were examined among 8174 participants in an Australian nationally representative cohort. Each person was classified into groups according to their neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances, baseline BMI …

Understanding Non-Vaccinating Parents' Views To Inform And Improve Clinical Encounters: A Qualitative Study In An Australian Community, Catherine Helps, Julie Leask, Lesley M. Barclay, Stacy M. Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: To explain vaccination refusal in a sample of Australian parents.

Design: Qualitative design, purposive sampling in a defined population.

Setting: A geographically bounded community of approximately 30 000 people in regional Australia with high prevalence of vaccination refusal.

Participants: Semi structured interviews with 32 non-vaccinating parents: 9 fathers, 22 mothers and 1 pregnant woman. Purposive sampling of parents who had decided to discontinue or decline all vaccinations for their children.

Recruitment: via local advertising then snowballing.

Results: Thematic analysis focused on explaining decision-making pathways of parents who refuse vaccination. Common patterns in parents' accounts included: perceived deterioration in health …

Narrative Identity Reconstruction As Adaptive Growth During Mental Health Recovery: A Narrative Coaching Boardgame Approach, Douglas Kerr, Frank P. Deane, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to construct a conceptual framework for investigating the reconstruction of narrative identity in mental health recovery from a complexity perspective. This conceptual framework provides the foundation for developing a health boardgame to facilitate narrative identity reconstruction.

Methods: A selective integrative review of the theoretical and empirical literature relevant to narrative identity reconstruction in recovery was conducted. Sources included books, dissertations, internet resources, and professional journals.

Findings: The reviewed material provides a conceptual framework that offers an enriched understanding of narrative identity reconstruction in recovery as a process of adaptive growth. It identifies the …