Education Commons^™

Learning To 'Be' A University Student: First In Family Students Negotiating Membership Of The University Community, Olivia Groves, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

An integral part of the higher education (HE) journey is the act of 'becoming' a student, however students who are first in their families (FiF) to attend university have had limited exposure to the HE environment. Innovatively for research with this cohort, this paper draws on situated learning theory to examine how learning to become a university student occurs through participation within the university community of practice. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with FiF learners at the end of their degrees, i.e. successful students, the analysis describes students' movement from initial participation at the periphery of the university community to fuller …

Effects Of Steering Locomotion And Teleporting On Cybersickness And Presence In Hmd-Based Virtual Reality, Jeremy Clifton, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

While head-mounted display-based virtual reality (VR) can produce compelling feelings of presence (or "being there") in its users, it also often induces motion sickness. This study compared the presence, cybersickness and perceptions of self-motion (or "vection") induced when using two common methods of virtual locomotion: steering locomotion and teleporting. In four trials, conducted over two separate days, 25 participants repeatedly explored the "Red Fall" virtual environment in the game Nature Treks VR for 16 min at a time. Although steering locomotion was found to be more sickening on average than teleporting, 9 participants reported more severe sickness while teleporting. On …

The Uk Labour Party Wants To Abolish Private Schools - Could We Do That In Australia?, Paul Andrew Kidson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The UK's Labour Party recently voted in a policy to effectively abolish private schools and integrate them into the state system. This is a courageous move designed to redress social inequity - many of those working in the top levels of the UK government were educated in private schools. Two of Britain's three most recent prime ministers went to the prestigious Eton College, which charges annual fees of more than £40,000. The UK opposition party's plan will likely warm the hearts of similarly minded Australians. Many of the same arguments about educational inequality have been floated in Australia. Many individuals …

Flexible Learning Spaces Facilitate Interaction, Collaboration And Behavioural Engagement In Secondary School, Katharina Elisabeth Kariippanon, Dylan P. Cliff, Sarah Lancaster, Anthony D. Okely, Anne-Maree Parrish

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Globally, many schools are replacing traditional classrooms with innovative flexible learning spaces to improve academic outcomes. Little is known about the effect on classroom behaviour. Students from nine secondary schools (n = 60, M age = 13.2±1.0y) were observed via momentary time sampling for a 30 minute period, in both a traditionally furnished and arranged classroom and a flexible learning space containing a variety of furniture options to accommodate different pedagogical approaches and learning styles. The teaching approaches in both conditions were documented. In traditional classrooms the approach was predominantly teacher-led and in the flexible learning space it was student-centred. …

Association Of Dairy Product Consumption With Metabolic And Inflammatory Biomarkers In Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Labmed Study, Sandra Abreu, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Rute Santos, Carla Moreira, Luis Carlos Oliveira Lopes, Carla Goncalves, Jose Oliveira-Santos, Eduarda Sousa-Sa, Bruno Rodrigues, Jorge Mota, Rafaela Rosario

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese adolescents, and whether the association differed by weight status. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the school year 2011/2012 with 412 Portuguese adolescents (52.4% girls) in 7th and 10th grade (aged 12 to 18 years old). The World Health Organization cutoffs were used to categorize adolescents as non-overweight (NW) or overweight (OW). Blood samples were collected to analyze C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, and adiponectin. Dairy product intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided by tertiles according …

Interventions In Outside-School Hours Childcare Settings For Promoting Physical Activity Amongst Schoolchildren Aged 4 To 12 Years, Rosa Virgara, Carol Maher, Lucy Lewis, Anna Phillips, Luke Wolfenden, Anthony D. Okely, Michael W. Beets, Mandy Richardson, Katherine Baldock

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: The primary objective is to assess the effects of physical activity interventions for increasing physical activity in children aged 4 to 12 years in outside-school hours childcare settings (i.e. the hours of the day when formal school lessons have either not begun or have finished and/or during school holiday periods). Our secondary objectives are to assess the effects of interventions on markers of children's cardiovascular health, quality of life, process evaluation and to identify any unintended adverse outcomes (e.g. injuries, distress).

Reflective Practice To Guide Teacher Learning: A Practitioner's Journey With Beginner Adult English Language Learners, Skye Playsted

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Reflective practice in TESOL is widely used in pre-service and in-service teacher education contexts and is regarded as beneficial for ongoing professional learning. While models of reflective language teaching vary, they all aim to improve classroom outcomes for teachers and students. A holistic approach to reflective practice includes teachers' beliefs, philosophies and the interaction of their teaching practices with moral and social issues outside the classroom as part of the self-reflective teaching process (Farrell, 2015; Larrivee, 2000). Reflecting on the teaching journey in this way can help teachers make sense of how individual beliefs about teaching interact with professional experiences, …

'Sticky' Foods: How School Practices Produce Negative Emotions For Mothers And Children, Claire E. Tanner, Janemaree Maher, Deana Leahy, Jo Lindsay, Sian Supski, Jan Wright

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper addresses health messages that are carried home from school - a space where childhood obesity prevention measures are being transmitted to families, and mothers in particular. We consider what emotions are being produced for mothers and children in the enactment of current school health initiatives, especially those aimed at 'improving' family food practices. Our analysis draws on interviews with parents and primary-school-aged children (n = 50) in Australia collected as part of a project on children's role as health advocates in family contexts. Using Sara Ahmed's work on emotions and John Law's concept of 'collateral realities', we consider …

Childcare Physical Activity Interventions: A Discussion Of Similarities And Differences And Trends, Issues, And Recommendations, Rachel A. Jones, Eduarda Sousa-Sa, Michele Peden, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings have a pivotal role in the promotion of physical activity for young children, and thus, the number of ECEC-based physical activity interventions has exponentially increased in the last two decades. The aim of this study was three-fold: (1) to discuss some of the similarities and differences in ECEC-based physical activity interventions, (2) to highlight current trends and issues in the ECEC sector relating to such interventions, and (3) to provide recommendations for future interventions. Twenty-four individual studies are discussed. Most studies have targeted children aged between 3 and 5 years and involved children …

Sharing Cities: Creating Space And Practice For New Urban Agency, Capacities And Subjectivities, Inka Santala, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In recent years, cities across the world have witnessed the emergence of alternative economic practices that have come to challenge norms related to production and consumption. Although a plethora of research has started to emerge on this sharing economy, less attention has been paid to community-led and potentially transformative sharing practices that prioritize peer-to-peer collaboration, equity, and increasing social capital above financial benefits. Following the work of a community-based initiative Share Sydney, this research seeks to understand practices of communal sharing as they emerge in the City of Sydney, Australia. Drawing analysis particularly from the group's Sharing Map project, we …

Post‐Marketing Studies Of Pharmaceutical Opioid Abuse‐Deterrent Formulations: A Framework For Research Design And Reporting, Amy Peacock, Briony K. Larance, Raimondo Bruno, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Nicholas A. Buckley, Michael P. Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background and aims Opioid formulations with properties to deter abuse (abuse‐deterrent formulations; ADFs) have been developed as one response to the prescription opioid 'epidemic'. As for all medicines, ADFs undergo evaluation of safety and efficacy prior to registration for marketing. However, reduced extra‐medical use (the primary intended outcome of ADFs and reason for their introduction) can only be established in post‐marketing observational studies, comparing them to opioid formulations without abuse‐deterrent properties. This has implications for various features of study design and analysis. We discuss proposals for the design, conduct, governance and reporting of post‐marketing studies on the effectiveness of pharmaceutical …

Energy Expenditure Associated With Posture Transitions In Preschool Children, Katherine Downing, Xanne Janssen, Dylan P. Cliff, Anthony D. Okely, John J. Reilly

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Despite growing scientific interest in the benefits of breaking up sedentary time with intermittent standing or walking, few studies have investigated the energy cost of posture transitions. This study aimed to determine whether posture transitions are associated with increased energy expenditure in preschool children. Methods Forty children (mean age 5.3 ± 1.0y) completed a ~150-min room calorimeter protocol involving sedentary, light, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity activities. This study utilised data from ~65-min of the protocol, during which children were undertaking sedentary behaviours (TV viewing, drawing/colouring in, and playing with toys on the floor). Posture was coded as sit/lie, stand, …

Remembering And Forgetting 1974: The 2011 Brisbane Floods And Memories Of An Earlier Disaster, Scott J. Mckinnon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The city of Brisbane, capital of the Australian state of Queensland, sits on a floodplain and has been struck by two devastating flood disasters in the last 50 years. This article contributes to the growing literature on disaster memory by tracing memories of a flood in 1974 as they were constructed and re-enacted in a more recent disaster in 2011. The article examines how disaster memories shape local identities and considers how such memories influence policy and local knowledge, doing so by reference to an analysis of three forms of memory media-personal narratives, news media reporting, and built memorials. At …

Does Dissatisfaction With, Or Accurate Perception Of Overweight Status Help People Reduce Weight? Longitudinal Study Of Australian Adults, Xiaoqi Feng, Andrew Wilson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: With studies around the world suggesting a large proportion of people do not recognise that they are overweight (or feel satisfied with being overweight), this fuels the view that such 'misperceptions' need to be 'corrected'. However, few longitudinal studies have examined the consequences of under-perceived weight status, nor over-perceived weight status (when a person feels overweight when they are not) and weight-related satisfaction on trajectories in body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Five-year BMI trajectories were examined among 8174 participants in an Australian nationally representative cohort. Each person was classified into groups according to their neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances, baseline BMI …

Understanding Non-Vaccinating Parents' Views To Inform And Improve Clinical Encounters: A Qualitative Study In An Australian Community, Catherine Helps, Julie Leask, Lesley M. Barclay, Stacy M. Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: To explain vaccination refusal in a sample of Australian parents.

Design: Qualitative design, purposive sampling in a defined population.

Setting: A geographically bounded community of approximately 30 000 people in regional Australia with high prevalence of vaccination refusal.

Participants: Semi structured interviews with 32 non-vaccinating parents: 9 fathers, 22 mothers and 1 pregnant woman. Purposive sampling of parents who had decided to discontinue or decline all vaccinations for their children.

Recruitment: via local advertising then snowballing.

Results: Thematic analysis focused on explaining decision-making pathways of parents who refuse vaccination. Common patterns in parents' accounts included: perceived deterioration in health …

Narrative Identity Reconstruction As Adaptive Growth During Mental Health Recovery: A Narrative Coaching Boardgame Approach, Douglas Kerr, Frank P. Deane, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to construct a conceptual framework for investigating the reconstruction of narrative identity in mental health recovery from a complexity perspective. This conceptual framework provides the foundation for developing a health boardgame to facilitate narrative identity reconstruction.

Methods: A selective integrative review of the theoretical and empirical literature relevant to narrative identity reconstruction in recovery was conducted. Sources included books, dissertations, internet resources, and professional journals.

Findings: The reviewed material provides a conceptual framework that offers an enriched understanding of narrative identity reconstruction in recovery as a process of adaptive growth. It identifies the …

There's No Evidence 5g Is Going To Harm Our Health, So Let's Stop Worrying About It, Sarah P. Loughran

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Hype continues to surround the roll-out of 5G technology in Australia and across the world. While there is promise of faster network speeds, and talk of exciting technologies like driverless cars, there's also a growing movement to stop the implementation of 5G due to concerns about the effects it may have on our health. But the scientific evidence we've got assures us there's no reason to worry. The radio frequencies powering 5G will be well below the exposure limits known to cause harm.

Effects Of Postural Stability, Active Control, Exposure Duration And Repeated Exposures On Hmd Induced Cybersickness, Dante Risi, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Cybersickness is common during head-mounted display (HMD) based virtual reality. This study examined whether it is possible to: (1) identify people who are more susceptible to this cybersickness; and (2) find general ways to reduce its occurrence and severity. Our participants were exposed to HMD-based virtual reality four times over two different days (using "Freedom Locomotion VR"). During these 10-min trials, participants were either free-standing or posturally restrained as they actively controlled or passively viewed their locomotion through the virtual environment. Cybersickness was found to increase steadily over time during each exposure. While this cybersickness was markedly reduced on day …

Development Of Australia's Front-Of-Pack Interpretative Nutrition Labelling Health Star Rating System: Lessons For Public Health Advocates, Michael Moore, Alexandra Jones, Christina Pollard, Heather Yeatman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: To draw advocacy lessons from actions undertaken by public health groups to assist the development of Australia and New Zealand's Health Star Rating (HSR) front-of-pack nutrition labelling system.

Methods: The advocacy approaches undertaken by the Public Health Association of Australia leading up to the time of the adoption of the HSR is examined using a 10 step advocacy framework. Key roles in advocacy planning and implementation are described, along with coordinating efforts by health and consumer groups during the HSR development processes.

Results: HSR aims to support consumers to make informed choices to protect from diet-related diseases, including obesity. …

"I Feel My Body Moving And I Hear The Word": Using Gesture-Like Movement To Enhance Productive Word Recall, Bianca Mister Colmenares, Michael S. Burri

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Have you ever been in a situation where you just can't quite think of the word you want to say? You know the word. Perhaps you've used the word many times before. But for some reason, on this occasion you just can't recall and produce the precise word you want. It's in your mind, you know it's there, but it just won't come out. This is a linguistic event which has been quite widely researched and is known as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. Add to the mix the fact that you are learning a second language (L2) and need to navigate …

Accounts From Developers Of Generic Health State Utility Instruments Explain Why They Produce Different Qalys: A Qualitative Study, Kristen Pickles, Emily Lancsar, Janelle Seymour, David Parkin, Cam Donaldson, Stacy M. Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Purpose and setting: Despite the label "generic" health state utility instruments (HSUIs), empirical evidence shows that different HSUIs generate different estimates of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in the same person. Once a HSUI is used to generate a QALY, the difference between HSUIs is often ignored, and decision-makers act as if 'a QALY is a QALY is a QALY'. Complementing evidence that different generic HSUIs produce different empirical values, this study addresses an important gap by exploring how HSUIs differ, and processes that produced this difference. 15 developers of six generic HSUIs used for estimating the QOL component of …

Process Trumps Potential Public Good: Better Vaccine Safety Through Linked Cross-Jurisdictional Immunisation Data In Australia, Katherine M. Duszynski, Nicole Pratt, John Lynch, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Lee K. Taylor, Jesia G. Berry, Vicki Xafis, Jim Buttery, M S. Gold

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To provide insights into complexities of seeking access to state and federal cross‐jurisdictional data for linkage with the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR). We provide recommendations for improving access and receipt of linked datasets involving Australian Government‐administered data.

Methods: We describe requirements for linking eleven federal and state data sources to establish a national linked dataset for safety evaluation of vaccines. The required data linkage methodology for integrating cross‐jurisdictional data sources is also described.

Results: Extensive negotiation was required with 18 different agencies for 21 separate authorisations and 12 ethics approvals. Three variations of the 'best practice' linkage model …

Sports Participation, Health Behaviours, And Body Fat During Childhood And Early Adolescence: A Multiple Mediation, Stewart A. Vella, Lauren Gardner, Byron Kemp, Matthew Schweickle, Dylan P. Cliff

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to simultaneously explore multiple pathways through which sports participation during childhood and adolescence may be associated with adiposity over time.

Design: Data were drawn from the Kindergarten cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. A total of 4286 children provided sports participation data at age 10 years and were followed up 24 and 48 months later.

Method: Time spent in organised sports at age 10 years and time spent in physical activity at age 12 years were measured via parental-reported time-use diary. Dietary behaviours were self-reported at age 12 years. Screen time …

International Consensus Statement On The Psychosocial And Policy-Related Approaches To Mental Health Awareness Programmes In Sport, Gavin Breslin, Andy Smith, Brad Donohue, Paul Donnelly, Stephen Shannon, Tandy Haughey, Stewart A. Vella, Christian F. Swann, Stewart Cotterill, Tadhg Macintyre, Tim Rogers, Gerard Leavey

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Research focused on mental health in sport has revealed a need to develop evidence-supported mental health practices that are sensitive to sport culture, particularly for non-elite athletes. A consensus statement was produced to assist effective mental health awareness in sport and guide programme implementation in this rapidly emerging field.

Method: The AGREE Reporting Checklist 2016 was used in two international expert consultation meetings, followed by two online surveys. Experts from 10 countries and over 30 organisations contributed.

Results: Six objectives were agreed: (1) to define mental health awareness and service implementation constructs for inclusion in programmes delivered in sporting …

Shifts In Space And Self: Moving From Community To University, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Erica Southgate, Ann Jardine, Shamus Smith, Janine Delahunty

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

University enrolments have grown at an unprecedented rate over the last decade and this participation is only set to increase (Kemp & Norton, 2014; Universities Australia, 2015). However, rates of completion during the same period have remained relatively static, and the numbers of students who depart university remains significant, consistently hovering between 15-18 per cent of the total Australian student population (Higher Education Standards Panel, 2018). Disproportionate numbers of these early leavers are from rural and remote areas, so exploring how regional and remote learners consider their post-schooling futures can provide some insight into the fundamental issues behind this attrition. …

Adiposity And Attained Height In Adolescents: A Longitudinal Analysis From The Labmed Physical Activity Study, Rafaela Rosario, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Luis Carlos Oliveira Lopes, Pedro Moreira, Patricia Padrao, Andre Oliveira, Carla Moreira, Susana Povoas, Jorge Mota, Rute Santos

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

To investigate the associations between adiposity and attained height over a 2-year period in healthy adolescents. One thousand and seventeen adolescents aged 12-18 years participated in this cohort study; 893 (87.8%) were reevaluated 1 year later (T2) and 734 (72.2%) subjects 2 years later (T3). Body fat and anthropometry were measured according to standardized procedures. Socioeconomic status, pubertal stage and lifestyles determinants were gathered and used as confounders. Prospective associations between adiposity and height were examined using generalized linear models. Greater adiposity at T1 was significantly associated with a lower attained height over time, when adjusting for confounders, which varied …

Adherence To Southern European Atlantic Diet And Physical Fitness On The Atherogenic Index Of Plasma In Adolescents, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Arieli Dias, Caroline Brand, Sigute Norkiene, Sandra Abreu, Adroaldo Gaya, Anelise Gaya, Luis Carlos Oliveira Lopes, Carla Moreira, Jorge Mota, Rute Santos

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We sought (i) to evaluate the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular fitness (MF) and Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEADiet) with atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and (ii) to investigate de combined association of MF, CRF and SEADiet on AIP in adolescents. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 493 adolescents (285 girls and 208 boys) aged 15-18 years, from the Portuguese Azorean Archipelago. CRF was measured by shuttle run test and MF by curl up and push up tests. Adherence to SEADiet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The AIP was estimated as log (TG/HDL-C). Measures …

How Do Students Adapt In Response To Academic Failure?, Rola Ajjawi, David J. Boud, Nadine Zacharias, Mary Dracup, Sue Bennett

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Ensuring student success has long been on the research agenda in higher education. In this study, we seek to understand if the changes students make in light of academic failure are consistent with this literature. Little is known about students who fail but subsequently persist in their studies. Through an online survey with students who had failed and persisted, we identified drivers for persistence and how students adapted in response to academic failure. Thematic analysis showed that the majority of students did not seek institutional support following academic failure but they did seek support from peers, family and friends. These …

Establishing A Scientific Consensus On The Cognitive Benefits Of Physical Activity, Nesrin Nazlieva, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Martine Baars, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Research suggests that physical activity can be used as an intervention to increase cognitive function. Yet, there are competing views on the cognitive effects of physical activity and it is not clear what level of consensus exists among researchers in the field. The purpose of this study was two-fold: Firstly, to quantify the scientific consensus by focusing on the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function. Secondly, to investigate if there is a gap between the public's and scientists' interpretations of scientific texts on this topic. A two-phase study was performed by including 75 scientists in the first phase and …

Social And Spatial Inequalities In Allostatic Load Among Adults In China: A Multilevel Longitudinal Study, Fan Mao, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Xiaoqi Feng, Yunning Liu, Jianqun Dong, Shiwei Liu, Lijun Wang, Yingying Jiang, Wenlan Dong, Maigeng Zhou, Limin Wang

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Objectives To investigate potential geographical and socioeconomic patterning of allostatic load (AL) in China. Design Multilevel longitudinal study of the 2010 Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance linked to the National Death Surveillance up to 31 December 2015. Setting All 31 provinces in China, not including Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan. Participants 96 466 ≥ 18 years old (women=54.3%). Exposures Person-level educational attainment and mean years of education in counties. Outcome AL was measured using clinical guidelines for nine biomarkers: body …