Education Commons^™

G92-1097 Root And Crown Rot: Winterkill Complex Of Winter Wheat, John E. Watkins, Ben Doupnik, Jr., Eric D. Kerr, Robert N. Klein

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Root and crown rot--winterkill complex is discussed, including nature of the complex, symptoms, control, and management rationale. Root and crown rot of winter wheat is an interrelated disease complex caused by the interaction of infection of roots and crowns by Bipolaris sorokiniana and/or Fusarium graminearum and harsh winter conditions. It is an insidious, persistent and inconspicuous disease complex that reduces wheat yields each year. In extreme cases, entire fields or large areas within fields are killed. The ultimate effect is loss of stands, poor plant vigor, reduced yield and lower grain quality.

G92-1100 Sugar Beet Nematode, Eric D. Kerr, F.A. Gray, G.D. Franc

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Symptoms, life cycle and control of sugar beet nematodes are among the topics covered here.

The sugar beet nematode, schachtii, is a major parasite of sugar beets, causing serious stand and yield reductions. It was first identified in 1859 on sugar beets near Halle, Germany. It was first observed in the United States as early as 1895 and was reported in two fields near Gering, Nebraska in 1926.

Ec91-1773 Deer Damage Control In Nebraska, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Bill Baxter

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Nebraskans are fortunate to have two species of deer in the state — the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). They are beautiful and fascinating animals that provide many aesthetic and recreational benefits. They can however, cause problems when they damage agricultural crops, trees and backyard plantings.

This extension circular covers the methods of reducing deer damage through herd management (legal harvest, shooting permits, and live removal), deer fencing, repellents, and scare devices.

Ec91-1767 Windbreaks For Rural Living, James R. Brandle, Teresa K. Boes, Bruce Wight

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In many parts of the United States, the constant force of the wind exaggerates daily weather conditions and can make living in these areas seem unbearable. A well-designed windbreak around the home, ranch, or farmstead slows the wind and improves the overall environment. Farm and ranch windbreaks conserve energy, provide snow control, improve working and recreational environments, enhance wildlife populations, provide visual screening and dust control, and increase the production of various wood and food products.

Ranch and farmstead windbreaks provide the greatest benefits in areas with high winds, large amounts of snow, extreme temperature fluctuations, or minimal natural forest …

G91-1062 Termites (Revised March 2002), Shripat T. Kamble

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides information on biology and control of subterranean termites.

Termites feed on wood and serve an important function in nature by converting dead trees into organic matter. Unfortunately, the wood in buildings is equally appetizing to termites and they cause serious damage to residential and commercial buildings. Two species of subterranean termites are found in Nebraska and both species have similar habitats.

G90-970 Summer Patch And Necrotic Ring Spot, John E. Watkins, Robert C. Shearman, Terrance P. Riordan

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the causes, predisposing conditions, and symptoms of summer patch and necrotic ring spot, and provides recommendations for their control.

Research since 1980 has resulted in considerable progress in identifying causes of the "patch"-type disease of turfgrass. Two of the most destructive patch diseases of turfgrasses are summer patch and necrotic ring spot.

Both summer patch and necrotic ring spot are present in Nebraska turfs. Unfortunately, necrotic ring spot and summer patch cause identical symptoms and cannot be distinguished in the field, and identification in the laboratory is time-consuming (3-6 months) and laborious.

G89-926 Swine Reproductive Problems: Infectious Causes, Alex Hogg, Donald G. Levis

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes causes, clinical signs, control, prevention and treatment of swine reproductive problems due to infectious diseases. The reproductive potential for the ideal sow has been calculated as 31.2 pigs weaned per year. The United States average is 14 pigs per sow per year--less than one-half the reproductive potential of the ideal sow. A major part of this low reproductive efficiency is due to either infectious or non-infectious causes. The infectious causes of swine reproductive problems are addressed here.

G89-936 Russian Wheat Aphid, Gary L. Hein, Frederick P. Baxendale, John B. Campbell, Arthur F. Hagen, James A. Kalisch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The Russian wheat aphid is a serious insect threat to small grains. Its description, damage and control are discussed here.

The Russian wheat aphid (RWA) is a serious insect threat to wheat and other small grains. Growers should examine small grain fields regularly for this pest throughout the fall. In the spring, weekly examinations are needed from the time wheat resumes growth through the late heading stages.

Farmers are encouraged to collect samples of unknown aphids on small grains and have them identified by the Cooperative Extension Service. Proper identification of the aphid is critical in determining the need for …

G89-900 Phytophthora Root Rot Of Alfalfa, John E. Watkins, Fred A. Gray, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Disease cycle, symptoms and management practices for phytophthora root rot are discussed in this NebGuide.

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is a major cause of seedling death in newly established alfalfa, and causes a progressive decline of established stands in Nebraska. This disease is caused by the fungus Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. medicaginis and occurs in most of the alfalfa producing areas in North America.

The Phytophthora that infects alfalfa is different from the Phytophthora that causes root rot in soybeans. Growers sometimes think the two diseases are the same for the respective crops, but they are two different diseases with …

G89-906 Barley Yellow Dwarf Disease Of Barley, Oats, And Wheat, John E. Watkins, Leslie C. Lane

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The symptoms of barley yellow dwarf are covered here, as are disease occurrence and spread, and control.

Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is distributed worldwide. It is the most economically important disease of barley and oats in North America. Barley yellow dwarf, wheat streak mosaic (WSM) and soil-borne wheat mosaic (SBWM), are three virus diseases that caused serious cereal grain yield losses in Nebraska during the last decade.

Since the mid-1980s barley yellow dwarf has become increasingly widespread in Nebraska, and now is a serious concern to oat and wheat producers. Outbreaks occasionally reach epidemic proportions as occurred in wheat in …

G88-890 Pythium Blight Of Turfgrass, John E. Watkins, Robert C. Shearman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Causes, symptoms and treatment for pythium blight are covered here.

Pythium blight, sometimes called "grease spot" or "cottony blight," is no longer a disease of golf courses; it also is a serious problem in home lawns and other turfs. Caused by several species of Pythium fungi, the two most commonly associated with Pythium blight are Pythium aphanidermatum and P. graminicola. These fungi are in a group known as "the water molds," a group that includes Phytophthora and other pathogenic genera. They are referred to as "water molds" because they function best under wet, saturated soil conditions.

The Pythium species …

G88-865 Fine Tuning A Sprayer Wih The "Ounce" Calibration Method, Robert Grisso, Robert N. Klein

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses guidelines to quickly evaluate the performance of a sprayer. Sprayer calibration, nozzle discharge and speed checks are evaluated with minimal calculations. Tractor-mounted, pull-type, pick-up mounted and self-propelled pesticide application equipment are available from numerous sources. pesticide costs, potential crop damage, unsatisfactory control and environmental concerns make correct application important. Proper calibration to ensure accurate application must be a primary management consideration for both farmers and custom applicators. Application equipment users also should know proper application methods, chemical effects on equipment and correct cleaning and storage procedures of liquid sprayers.

Ec87-726 Mastitis Control Guidelines, Gerald R. Bodman, Duane N. Rice, Don J. Kubik

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

These mastitis control guidelines were prepared by UNL personnel based on current literature and experience with the Nebraska mastitis control program, the demonstration herds, and many on-site dairy farm evaluations. This information will help producers and others in the dairy industry to understand, establish and maintain a comprehensive mastitis control program. Recommendations and procedures presented in the guidelines will allow the producer to develop an effective mastitis control program. When the recommendations are coupled with a conscientious and dedicated attitude, the result will be less mastitis and more better-quality milk at a lower production cost.

G87-839 Corn Rootworm Control, Leroy L. Peters, Lance J. Meinke, J. F. Witkowski

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Corn rootworms -- damage they cause, and how to control them.

Three kinds of rootworms attack corn in Nebraska -- the western, the northern, and the southern. The western is the most common and most damaging and can be found over the entire state. The northern is found mainly in the northeastern counties. The southern can be found over the entire state.

G87-848 Control And Eradication Of Pseudorabies In Swine, Alex Hogg, George W. Beran

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses various plans to control and eradicate an increasingly important disease of swine--Pseudorabies.

Introduction and History

Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) is an acute, frequently fatal disease affecting most species of domestic and wild animals. The disease is caused by a virus of the Herpesvirus group, and is characterized by a variety of clinical signs--those involving the nervous and respiratory systems being particularly prominent. Pseudorabies is a persistent cause of loss in both cattle and sheep in many countries throughout the world.

Pseudorabies is an increasingly important disease of swine in the U.S. This increase in importance has paralleled the …

Ec86-1548 Common Insect Pests Of Trees In The Great Plains, Mary Ellen Dix, Judith E. Pasek, Mark O. Harrell, Frederick P. Baxendale

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication was developed by entomologists on the Pest Management Task Force of the Great Plains Agricultural Council Forestry Committee to provide the public and professionals with information needed to identify and manage common insect pests of trees in the Great Plains. It is designed for those with no formal training in entomology and is not intended to summarize everything known about a particular insect.