Tourism and Travel Commons^™

Master Franchising As An Entry Strategy: Marketing And Legal Implications, Héctor R. Lozada, Richard J. Hunter Jr., Gary H. Kritz

The Coastal Business Journal

In this paper the authors investigate the establishment of franchise agreements as a viable alternative to enter a foreign market. Specifically, the spotlight is on the strategy called master franchising. The authors first review the concept of franchising and identify master franchising as a strategic option. Next, they focus on the mechanics of structuring the required agreements. Last, the authors explore strategies, trends, and current opportunities and limitations of international franchising.

Retail Vs. E-Tail: A Look At Expedia.Com, Randall Valentine, Dawn Valentine, Brian Kinard

The Coastal Business Journal

The Internet has revolutionized the way consumers shop for and price various products. This study compares prices listed on individual airline websites and prices listed on a third-party travel booking website, expedia.com. The findings indicate a significant difference in prices between the sources. However, no single website consistently had prices lower than the other. Thus, it benefits the consumer to thoroughly price shop when making airline reservations online.

Determinants Of Effectiveness And Success For Ebay Auctions, Eugene M. Bland, Gregory S. Black, Kay Lawrimore

The Coastal Business Journal

This research investigates eBay auction properties that influence auction outcomes: effectiveness (ability to attract bidders) and success (whether the item was actually sold in the auction). Hundreds of auctions (1,273) for three popular financial calculators—the HP 12c, the HP 10b and BA II plus—were examined to assess the impact of these auction properties. Findings show that utilization of certain auction features influence both outcomes. These features include starting price and reserve price for both calculators. Other features impact only auction effectiveness: wear and the presence of a picture for the HP10 and BA II plus; and wear and ability to …

Does Strategic Planning Help Churches?: An Exploratory Study (Revised), Amit J. Shah, Fred R. David, Zigmont J. Surawski Iii

The Coastal Business Journal

Many organizations in both the profit and not-for-profit arenas have discovered the benefits of strategic planning. An increasing number of churches and ministries are applying the principles of strategic planning (Clinton, Williams, & Stevens, 1995). In the 1990s, organizations including churches…are playing "Jeopardy" if they do not have strategic plans in place (Maes, 1998). This research examines to what extent strategic planning is being used among churches. Data was gathered through distribution of a survey mailed to churches in South Carolina. The pastor of each church personally completed the survey and returned it via e-mail, postal service, or fax. Initial …

A Multi-Level Family Business Choice Model: A Dichotomous Approach, Tammy R. Parker

The Coastal Business Journal

The current paper develops a model to facilitate owners of family businesses in their decision-making. The model allows for priorities to be placed on family issues and business issues concurrently, in a dichotomous approach. The research is a complement to existing literature on family business interaction models and could provide a useful model for family business consultants to consider in their work with family-owned businesses.

Enhancing Revenue In College Sport Events By Practicing Yield Management And E-Commerce, Johnny C. Ho, Pingjun Jiang

The Coastal Business Journal

Many colleges and universities have been facing increasingly tight budgets in recent years and have been struggling to provide more funding for their own athletic programs. In some cases, specific sport programs of a college or university have had to be terminated due to lack of monies appropriated from the central administration. Yield or revenue management is a method of assigning capacity or inventory to meet demand in such a way to maximize revenue. This paper examines the feasibility and discusses the benefits of applying yield management via e-commerce to increase surplus/decrease deficit in those college sport programs where paid …

Starting A Small Business Outreach Program: The Experience Of A Small Southeastern University, Kirk C. Heriot, Noel D. Campbell

The Coastal Business Journal

When the Federal government decided not to fund the Small Business Institute through the U.S. Small Business Administration, many business schools eliminated or severely curtailed their SBI activities. Despite lacking federal funds, a southeastern rural university founded a new Small Business Institute program in 1999. Since inception it has assisted forty-five small businesses in a five county area. This paper describes starting a new business outreach program without Federal funds. It concludes with observations and implications relating to other schools starting or renewing an SBI program.

Television Advertising And Child Consumer: Different Strategies For U.S. And Japanese Marketers, Carol Gaumer, Amit J. Shah

The Coastal Business Journal

This paper examines the consumer socialization of Japanese and American children from a socio-cultural and economic perspective. It presents the cultural differences between the two countries, and how these differences influence the marketing strategies in each country. Taking into consideration the television viewing habits and routine advertising strategies in Japan and USA, the paper offers the implications for Global Marketing Managers. Finally, the need for future research is addressed.

Critical Success Factors For Inner City Businesses, Robert C. Eisenstadt, Paul S. Nelson, Tammy R. Parker

The Coastal Business Journal

We survey incumbent businesses in the Ouachita Enterprise Community primarily located in Monroe, Louisiana. We seek to discover what common factors are critical to the success of inner city businesses. Our results indicate that taxes are a strong negative factor while government regulation is a positive factor. The availability of information technology, good transportation links, and location are important positive factors. Internal factors such as good customer relations were important while production costs relatively unimportant. Internal factors were rated as more important than external factors suggesting training programs to be an effective economic development tool.

A Measure Of The Factors Impacting The Effectiveness And Efficiency Of Ebay In The Supply Chain Of Online Firms, Eugene M. Bland, Robert T. Barrett

The Coastal Business Journal

This research investigates the auction properties that influence eBay's effectiveness (ability to attract bidders) and efficiency (ability to maximize price and profit) as the distribution link of the supply chain. The research extends the literature pioneered by Lucking-Reiley (2000) on eBay auctions. We found that the effectiveness of using eBay is influenced by the item description in the auction heading, the initial price, the timing of the auction and the operating condition of the item, in our case an inexpensive, functional HP 12-C financial calculator. The efficiency of eBay, on the other hand, is influenced by the ability to attract …

New Frontiers In Management Research: The Case For Industrial Archeology, William Crandall, Alan Rowe, John A. Parnell

The Coastal Business Journal

Management scholars traditionally rely on the review of journals and empirical data for information used in research projects and in the classroom. However, there is also a vast amount of material that remains virtually untapped by many management researchers - the artifacts, pictures, and remains of industrial and commercial organizations. Industrial archeologists specialize in studying organizational life, particularly, the life of manufacturing facilities, by examining of empirical data, as well as pictures, records, internal and external correspondence, other printed materials, and artifacts. This article delineates how management scholars can also take advantage of the wealth of secondary material that exists …

A Note On The Economic Implications Of A Focused Tourism Event: Bikers In Myrtle Beach, Robert D. Nale, Dennis A. Rauch, Peter B. Barr

The Coastal Business Journal

As we have graphically seen since September 11, 2001, areas which depend heavily upon tourism as a primary source of income face a host of challenges. South Carolina's Grand Strand area is a good example of just such an area. A number of focused tourism-related events intended to attract a certain segment of the population have evolved over the years. Two such events revolve around the attraction of motorcyclists. One occurs during early to mid-May (with a burgeoning repeat presence in the Fall), while the other occurs over Memorial Day weekend. Both events have proven to be successful in terms …

Does Strategic Planning Help Churches?: An Exploratory Study, Amit J. Shah, Fred R. David, Zigmont J. Surawski Iii

The Coastal Business Journal

Many organizations in both the profit and not-for-profit arenas have discovered the benefits of strategic planning. An increasing number of churches and ministries are applying the principles of strategic planning (Clinton, Williams, & Stevens, 1995). In the 1990s, organizations including churches…are playing "Jeopardy" if they do not have strategic plans in place (Maes, 1998). This research examines to what extent strategic planning is being used among churches. Data was gathered through distribution of a survey mailed to churches in South Carolina. The pastor of each church personally completed the survey and returned it via e-mail, postal service, or fax. Initial …

An Overview Of Recent Trends In Incentive Pay Programs, Mike Schraeder, J. Bret Becton

The Coastal Business Journal

This article examines recent trends and developments in an increasingly popular HR practice--incentive pay programs. In addition to highlighting major developments in recent empirical studies, this article also synthesizes recent research pertaining to general guidelines or strategies for design, implementation, and the utilization of incentive pay programs. Counter arguments pointing out potential pitfalls and precautions will also be discussed. The article concludes by offering some recommendations for future research.

An Analysis Of The 2002 U.S. News And World Report's Ratings - America's Best Colleges: Undergraduate Business Specialties, George H. Messer Jr.

The Coastal Business Journal

This paper provides an analysis of the U.S. News and World Report 2002 ratings of America's best colleges in the area of undergraduate business specialties. The U.S. News ranking procedures are described and then a detailed comparison of actual programs and courses is accomplished for the top-ranked schools. This study looked at the specific area of undergraduate business specialties: supply chain management/logistics. Based on analysis of data collected, it is likely that there are misperceptions in the U.S. News survey in the category of undergraduate business specialties.

Experiences And Challenges In Taking A Print Journal On-Line, Robert D. Nale, Robert B. Burney

The Coastal Business Journal

For a number of years, an annual publication of the Wall College of Business at Coastal Carolina University (The Coastal Business Review and later, Journal) was produced in standard print form. Because of increasing budgetary concerns experienced by the University and the State of South Carolina, the cost of printing the journal in the traditional fashion became increasingly prohibitive. When publishing deadlines were missed, several avenues were explored regarding how the College could deal with the problem. While unique for an institution of this size, the creation of a totally on-line journal began to assert itself as a viable option. …

Job Satisfaction As Related To Safety Performance: A Case For A Manufacturing Firm, Chong W. Kim, Marjorie L. Mcinerney, Robert P. Alexander

The Coastal Business Journal

Many companies have made significant improvements in safety records, but have eventually reached a plateau. This article examines employee safety performance in regards to their job satisfaction and its implications to managers for improving employees safety performance through job redesign.

Benchmarking: Understanding The Basics, William M. Lankford

The Coastal Business Journal

It is often stated that those who benchmark do not have to reinvent the wheel (Parker, 1996). By following others one can make improvements and not focus on stale ideas. Benchmarking at first glance may be mistaken for a copycat form of developing strategic plans and for making improvements within an organization. This is not true. Benchmarking is a process that allows organizations to improve upon existing ideas. In order to eliminate myths and misconceptions about benchmarking it is important to know exactly what benchmarking is, the different types of benchmarking, the criticisms of benchmarking, and the ethical practices concerning …

Does Aacsb Accreditation Impact Enrollment?, Robert P. Alexander, David Hatfield

The Coastal Business Journal

The study sought to determine if the newly received AACSB accreditation impacted enrollment of the Lewis College of Business, Marshall University. A questionnaire was used to survey all new or transfer students and a 27.5% response was received.

Growth, Bullfrogs, And Small Businesses, Leanne C. Mcgrath

The Coastal Business Journal

Small business owners are always striving to grow the business in pursuit of success. The question of how to make that happen is the paramount issue. Spotlighting key areas related to sustained, rapid growth and its consequences, both good and bad, is especially essential for small businesses who rarely have much of a financial cushion. Do all small business owners want to have extended, high growth periods? If so, what problems are associated with such accelerated growth?How can small business owners grow successfully, guarding against many common pitfalls?

The Economics Of Corruption In Developing Countries, Ramchandra Akkihal, Harlan M. Smith Ii, Roger Adkins

The Coastal Business Journal

Official corruption, unfortunately, is endemic in the developing world. One factor in the spread of this illegal activity has been the propensity of developing-country governments to intervene heavily in their economies, often in the attempt to guide, direct, and control economic activity in order to promote the desired pace and style of economic development. Such regulatory efforts, though now on the wane in much of the developing world, continue to generate opportunities in many countries for bureaucrats in control of scarce resources to allocate them on a non-market basis, to further their own economic, political, and social prospects.

Casinos, Lotteries, And Markets, Ramchandra Akkihal, Suneel Maheshwari, Roger Adkins

The Coastal Business Journal

Gambling activities of casinos, lotteries and other forms are becoming increasingly acceptable to society. Also, the media and the public are increasingly referring to economically essential market-risk management activities like trading in derivatives as gambling. This paper attempts to distinguish between these two types of activities and maintains that unlike gambling in casinos and lotteries, the market-risk management activities add value to the economy and are essential to the efficient working of production and distribution functions of the economy.

The Impact Of Attractions Demand On Lodging Demand, L. Taylor Damonte, Darla J. Domke-Damonte

The Coastal Business Journal

This three-year study of the relationship between attractions demand and lodging demand indicate that increasing attendance at recreation and entertainment-related attractions is associated with heightened lodging demand. However, it is also clear that the relationship between attractions attendance and lodging demand may vary from destination to destination.

Utilization Of Golf Course Facilities By Residents Of Golf Course Communities In Myrtle Beach, Jordan N. Roberts, Darla J. Domke-Damonte

The Coastal Business Journal

The number of golf courses in the Myrtle Beach area is constantly changing. So too, are the number of new residents who decide to buy or build homes or condominiums near these golf courses. This thesis explores the utilization of golf courses by residents of the particular golf course community. Primary research is performed and analyzed concerning four Myrtle Beach area golf course communities. The study shows that primary home ownership, retirement, membership of the golf course, and prestige of the golf course are all positively associated with usage of the golf course. The results of the study may be …

The Effect Of Golf Course Location On Housing Value, Jeffrey J. Pompe, James R. Rinehart

The Coastal Business Journal

Structural and locational characteristics are known to affect housing prices, and numerous studies have explored many of these characteristics. However very little empirical information was available on the effect of golf course location for improved property. Two recent studies find that building on a golf course adds 7 to 8 percent to the value of property. However, we find that for a private development on a barrier island, building a villa or single family home on a golf course does not have any significant impact on price. Specific locational factors may explain this unexpected result.

Effects Of A Demand-Valve Scuba Regulator On Cardiorespiratory Response During Submaximal Exercise Under Normobaric Conditions: A Preliminary Investigation, Christopher R. Kovacs Ph.D., Camille Dhom B.S.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

SCUBA diving fatalities are often related to cardiac events triggered by stress linked to equipment. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a SCUBA regulator on cardiorespiratory exercise at a submaximal workload. Ten participants (mean = 21.5 yrs; s.d. = 1.16) completed two submaximal exercise tests at 1 ATA; one while breathing normally and a second while breathing directly from a demand valve SCUBA regulator. Total time to test completion (TOT), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and arterial oxygen levels were all assessed. No significant differences between conditions were found …

Eyes Save Lives Water Safety Program For Parents And Caregivers: Program Design And Pilot Evaluation From Southern California, Rachel Love-Smith, William A. Koon, Lauren Tabios, Scott M. Bartell

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Despite expert consensus and evidence-based preventative strategies against drowning, limited formal study exists on translating recommendations into practical and effective interventions. This paper describes the design of an education-based drowning prevention intervention and reports results from a pilot evaluation of the program’s effect on self-reported water-safe behaviors, attitudes, self-efficacy, and knowledge. Parents and caregivers attending children’s swim lessons in July and August 2018 participated in a brief water-safety education program. A pre-post-test design evaluated "Theory of Planned Behavior" indicators to assess for changes. We found significant increases in scores related to water safety knowledge, attitudes on maintaining arms reach distance …

Pilgering Researchers Or Researching Pilgrims: Experiences From Four Student Projects On The Camino De Santiago 2016-2019, Andreas Braun

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Between 2016 and 2019, I accompanied four student groups on the Camino de Santiago - however the planned 2020 project was cancelled due to the coronavirus epidemic. In this article, I describe the project, its planning, its implementation, and its conclusion, as well as some experiences and impressions of the participating students on the basis of an ethnographical approach. The projects presented have two objectives: on the one hand, to teach the students qualitative and quantitative research methods in a delimited, protected environment, and on the other hand, to introduce the students to the fascination of pilgrimage and the Camino …

Analytics In Hospitality And Tourism: Online Travel Reviews, Estela Marine-Roig

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

User-generated content, shared with other users through social media, has increased considerably in the previous decade. In particular, the content generated by travelers, mainly online travel reviews (OTRs), has grown dramatically. This abundant recorded information has served as a basis for conducting numerous researches on big data and social media analytics. Reviewers share their OTRs on travel-related websites including peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation platforms and online travel agencies (OTAs). The aim of this chapter is to offer an overview of the state of the art of hospitality and tourism analytics based on OTRs, and explore the possibilities of gaining insight, through …

Transdisciplinarity In Experience Design: A Global Survey Of Higher Ed Programs In Exd/Xd, Yvonne Houy

Creative Collaborations

In our age of ubiquitous devices and digital media it is the perceived value of the end-to-end experience that brings people to a place. Designing inspiring and emotionally engaging end-to-end experiences requires experts in a wide range of disciplines committed to an interdisciplinary collaboration that can arrive at transdisciplinary design - the sum becomes greater than its parts.

Civil engineering, hospitality, business, psychology, digital User Experience (UX) design, and experience data analysis need to be seamless integrated with the fine and performing arts and design fields:

• Architecture, interior, landscape and sound design actively engage the senses.

• Graphic and fine arts …

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