Finance and Financial Management Commons^™

Esg And Intellectual Capital Efficiency: Evidence From Asean Emerging Markets, Etikah Karyani, Muhamad Resa Perdiansyah

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This study aims to investigate the impacts of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in total and individual performance (“E”, “S”, and “G”) on firms’ intellectual capital (IC) efficiency. The Value-Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) and Modified Value-Added Intellectual Coefficient (MVAIC) were used to measure IC efficiency. Meanwhile, the annual ESG index data from the ASEAN-4 were used to measure ESG from 2015 to 2020. The results show “E”, “S”, and “G” and total ESG positively affect firms’ efficiency in managing IC. In addition, the industry type moderates these relationships in terms of that banks have a greater influence than non-banks. Our …

A Comparison Of M&T Bank And Citizens Bank Net Income Changes During The Coronavirus Pandemic, Alex R. Glasier

Applied Economics Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on every aspect of life, particularly within the world of banking & finance. All banks saw sharp drops in their stock prices and net income, but my hypothesis is that larger, more established banks maintained more stability during 2020 than smaller banks. This paper analyzes the income statements and balance sheets of M&T Bank (an older, more well-established bank) and Citizens Bank (a less-established bank) during this difficult time.

The first part of my thesis describes similarities and differences between M&T Bank and Citizens Bank. I explain how these similarities and differences may …

Financial Statement Analysis Project: "The Big Simulation", Luna Y. Goldblatt, Joao Q. Chaves, Andrew M. Landman, Salmin B. Mwinjuma, Braden C. Vitelli

Open Educational Resources

This project uses real-world financial statements (for Best Buy Co. Inc. and Nvidia Corporation) and creates a role-playing game where students can choose to be one of 4 capital market participants: an innovator that designs a brand-new accounting system, a company that prepares its best version of financial statements, an investor that chooses its ideal portfolio stocks, and a forensic accountant that looks for evidence of earnings management. The project helps student learn to conduct financial statement analysis and appreciate the impact of these statements on company financial ratios and capital market performance.

Understanding Sentiment Through Context, Richard M.Crowley, M.H. Franco Wong

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine whether empirical results using text-based sentiment of U.S. annual reports depend on the underlying context, within documents, from which sentiment is measured. We construct a clause-level measure of context, showing that sentiment is driven by many different contexts and that positive and negative sentiment are driven by different contexts. We then construct context-level sentiment measures and examine whether sentiment works as expected at the context-level across four prediction problems. Our results demonstrate that document-level sentiment exhibits significant noise in prediction and suggest that document-level aggregation of sentiment leads to missed empirical nuances. The contexts driving sentiment results vary …

Digitalization And Tax-Motivated Income Shifting, Devenni Putri Fau, Lestari Kurniawati

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

Numerous studies show that the tax rate difference between parent and subsidiaries as well as among subsidiaries acts as the incentive for income shifting between multinational corporations (MNCs). Digital business models that emerged as an impact of digital transformation may exacerbate income shifting by MNCs. However, empirical studies to support the relation between digital business models and income shifting is still scarce. Thus, this study examined whether Indonesia’s foreign-owned manufacturing companies shift income in respect to its foreign-parent tax rate and if the level of digitalization exacerbates the practice. This study used the income-shifting approach by Hines and Rice (1994) …

Insider Trading Restrictions And Real Earnings Management: International Evidence, Jiwei Wang, Yuanto Kusnadi, Jiwei Wang, Yujie Wang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine the implications of insider trading restrictions on firms’ real activities earnings management in an international setting. Using a sample of 28 countries over the period from 1992 to 2007, we find evidence that is supportive of the substitution hypothesis, in that managers have incentives to substitute accruals earnings management for real activities earnings management. This effect is found to be more pronounced for firms in countries with more restrictive insider trading regulation. Our result is robust to alternative measures of real activities earnings man- agement and insider trading restrictions, alternative sub-samples, alternative regression specifi- cations, and controlling for …

Uncovering The Value Of Blockchain Applications In The World Of Finance, Qiang Cheng

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This article discusses the benefits of using blockchain in the context of asset-backed security (ABS) issuance: reducing information asymmetry between issuers and investors, reducing yield spread of ABS, disciplining credit rating agencies, increasing the quality of underlying assets, and reducing issuers’ risk exposure. Such benefits should apply to other blockchain applications in the world of finance.

A Psychological Profile Of The Digitized Economy: Who Buys Cryptocurrencies, Nfts, And Meme-Stocks (And Why)?, Nicole Wolfe

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

As the global digital economy continues to grow in interest and financial worth, it is imperative to harvest data to gain early information on this nuanced economy. Already, we have witnessed billions of dollars in losses and wins at the blink of an eye, encouragement to invest from well-known celebrities and politicians, and high anxiety from the newness, power consumption, and potential outcomes of this nuanced system. Stemming from the lack of solid evidence in this emerging field, we hope to gain more insight on the early players and variation within the digitized economy. Similarly, we hope to identify specific …

Deshkan Ziibi Conservation Impact Bond Replication, Si Zhe Yuan

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

Description of the work that I did the summer and its respective outcomes.

Do Analysts’ Eps Forecasts Obey Benford’S Law? An Empirical Analysis, Clarence Goh

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Benford’s law gives the expected frequencies of digits in tabulated data. In this study, I investigate the extent to which a sample of analysts’ earnings per share (EPS) forecasts obey Benford’s law. I conduct Benford’s law’s second digit and last-two digits tests on a sample of analyst EPS forecasts of S&P 500 firms from 1998 to 2018. Overall, I find that analysts’ EPS forecasts obey Benford’s law’s second digit test but do not obey the last-two digits test. These findings suggest that while analysts do not engage in number invention, they do engage in rounding when making EPS forecasts.

A Primer On The Income Tax Consequences Of The Ncaa’S Name, Image And Likeness (Nil) Earnings For College Athletes, Marena M. Messina, Frank M. Messina

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

NCAA domestic college athletes can now financially benefit from their name, image, and likeness (NIL). The purpose of this article is to “educate” athletes on the new NIL rules in financial literacy. With new NIL income flowing to athletes, federal income tax consequences of these transactions must be addressed. This article results in a detailed introduction to the applicable federal tax rules regarding NIL income for athletes to stay in compliance with those laws. From understanding NIL income, to how the tax formula works, what tax forms apply, and what taxes may be due, this article provides a comprehensive toolkit …

The Terrorist Laffer Curve:Rationality And Insurgency In Iraq, 2004-2008, Dennis S. Edwards

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

While the original framework by Arthur Laffer focused on tax rates and the resulting revenue from such taxation, the Laffer curve has been applied to other studies in behavior as well. This paper details evidence of a Laffer curve in Iraq with respect to terrorist violence and Iraqi public support of that violence against the U.S.-led coalition forces. As insurgents began killing more Iraqi citizens in their attacks on U.S.-led forces, the increased lethality caused initial support of such violence to erode. As a result, the high-level terrorist hierarchy has suggested that its operatives reduce lethality and indiscriminate bombings.

Red Flags And Risks: Unpleasant Surprises When An Office Manager Suddenly Leaves, David Harris Cpa

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Losing an office manager can pose significant challenges for dental practices. This article delves into the red flags and potential risks that may accompany an office manager's sudden departure, shedding light on the importance of understanding the circumstances surrounding their exit. The article highlights how embezzlement can be a reason behind unexplained departures and emphasizes the need to assess the situation more deeply. It explores account ownership issues that can hinder practice owners from accessing crucial business information, particularly in embezzlement investigations. The article recommends proactive measures for practice owners to secure access to vital accounts to prevent potential issues …

A Better Model? Testing Of Fama And French Six-Factor Model In Pakistan, Mehak Younus

Business Review

This study examines the performance of the Fama and French six factor model and the alternative six-factor model in explaining anomalous return patterns using a broad sample of the Pakistani stock market from 2000 to 2017. This study is the first to test the applicability of these models in Pakistan and their performance in explaining anomalous returns. There are 11 anomalies taken, which proved to be significant in the Pakistani market. The GRS test is used with other time-series measures to check the power of the given models in explaining one-way sorted quintile portfolios. The results reveal that both models …

Biodiversity Disclosure Of Indonesian Companies And The Role Of The Board Of Commissioners, Ahmad Hambali, Desi Adhariani

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The environmental damage that occurs on a large scale has an impact on reducing biodiversity. Biodiversity has an important role that is useful for human life and plays a central role in economic development. This condition makes various parties aware of their role in preventing further damage. Companies, whether directly or indirectly, owe a great deal to the environment. This study seeks to examine the role of the Board of Commissioners as proxied by the size of the Board of Commissioners, the proportion of Independent Boards, and the proportion of women on the Board of Commissioners as a corporate governance …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Tax Objection Review In Indonesia’S Tax Authority, Yuli Trisnawati, Siti Nuryanah

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

An evaluation of the effectiveness of tax objection review by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) is required due to the increasing number of tax disputes that continue to litigation and a low winning rate for DGT in tax court (approximately 40%). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of reviewing tax objections at DGT using Campbell's Effectiveness Theory (1989) with criteria of programs and goals success, program satisfaction, inputs and outputs conformity, and overall goal achievement. This is case study research with a qualitative method presented in a descriptive analysis. Data was collected through documentation, interviews, and satisfaction surveys. …

University Social Responsibility From The Transformative Ecofeminism Perspective, Luky Patricia Widianingsih, Iwan Triyuwono, Ali Djamhuri, Rosidi Rosidi

The Qualitative Report

This study aims to find conceptual innovations, with a focus on the scope of University Social Responsibility in the perspective of transformative ecofeminism. The basic belief that guides action in this research is the transformative worldview. The research approach is based on feminism with the data collection process carried out by observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and FGDs. The two data research rigour strategies chosen were to maintain the credibility (internal validity) and reliability of the research data through triangulation of techniques and sources and to carefully review the documentation of research procedures/protocols and databases. The presentation of data and the …

Impairment Recognition And Revaluation– China Publicly Listed Companies, Ying Wang

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The advent of SFAS 142 and IAS 36 regarding handling of asset impairment has spawned research into how these standards influence whether an impairment loss is recorded. Deferred tax items in China have three major components: temporary tax and financial reporting differences in depreciation; impairment losses; and previous losses, which can be carried forward for five years for tax purposes. While the temporary differences in depreciation typically defer taxes and create deferred tax liabilities, impairment losses and previous losses create deferred tax assets because they are not deductible in the current period for tax purposes. A deferred tax asset is …

Will More Technology In Accounting Become Another Barrier To Attracting And Retaining Black Students To The Profession?, Darlene Booth-Bell, Kristen E. Broady, Axsel Brown

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

Automation in the form of drones, machine learning, computer vision, robotic process automation, artificial intelligence, and robotic software applications will continue to increase productivity and reduce the need for some workers. While there may not be an immediate reduction in accounting professionals, data analytics has begun to shift the primary skill sets needed for accountants in the United States and abroad. In this paper, we identify and discuss the main challenges the profession faces in attracting black students to the profession. Additionally, we present a theoretical discussion of the challenge of ensuring that as more accounting work moves from traditional …

Analysis Of The Comovement Of Unemployment In Midwestern States, Tammy Rapp Parker

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The current paper investigates the interrelatedness of twelve Midwestern states through the comovement of unemployment rates. Due to their geographic location, we would anticipate similarities and comovement among macroeconomic variables. The results show that although most of the bivariate pairings do show a relationship. Five of the sixty-five pairings show no indication of cointegration among their unemployment rates. Each of these five pairings includes North Dakota. The paper investigates geographic and socioeconomic similarities between these states to try to explain these results.

Baumol And Bowen Cost Effects In Research Universities, Robert E. Martin

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

We estimate cost models for both public and private research universities and use partial differentials from these models to estimate different cost effects. The results suggest both Baumol’s cost disease and Bowen’s revenue theory drive cost higher and that Bowen effects are larger than Baumol effects. Tight revenue since 2008 reversed some declines in productivity and accelerated the trend in economizing on the use of tenure track faculty. This behavior under loose and tight revenue constraints is consistent with Bowen’s revenue theory.

Tax Management, Ownership Structure And Corporate Governance, Ying Wang, Scott Butterfield

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

We use 2010-2018 publicly listed Chinese company data to analyze how ownership structure and corporate governance affects tax management. Our results indicate that diverse ownership structure might lower a company’s tax rates, whereas traditional corporate governance measures, such as board size, independent board member percentage and duality of CEO serving as chair do not affect tax.

2017 Tax Cuts And Corporate Investment And Financing Decisions: An Empirical Investigation, Rakesh Duggal

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 1917 (TCJA) amended the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and significantly lowered the corporate tax rate, in addition to providing other tax incentives to spur corporate investments. The TCJA has the potential to impact corporate cash flows and corporate investment and financing decisions. In response to the TCJA, firms could enhance their capital expenditure budgets, return excess capital to shareholders, and/or hold excess capital for better opportunities in the future. Using S&P 500 firms as a sample, this study finds no statistical difference in the actual corporate taxes paid in the post-and pre-TCJA …

Differentiated Banking In India: The Road Ahead, Akshay Kumar Mishra

Management Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Orientation Program On Teacher's Performance, Akshay Kumar Mishra

Management Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Short Interest And Corporate Investment: Evidence From Supply Chain Partners, Xia Chen, Guojin Gong, Shuqing Luo

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Short interest contains valuable information about a firm’s business fundamentals. We investigate whether such information affects business partners’ real investment decisions in the supply-chain setting. We predict and find that a supplier’s future investments (including inventory, R&D, and tangible asset investments) decrease with its customer’s current short interest. This negative relation is stronger when the supplier faces greater difficulty in assessing its customer’s business fundamentals and when short interest is more likely to indicate longlasting deterioration in the customer’s fundamentals. Additional analysis does not support the alternative explanation that the supplier adjusts investments in response to unfavorable information obtained via …

Can Financialization Save Nature? The Case Of Endangered Species, Diane-Laure Arjalies, Delphine Gibassier

Business Publications

The current biodiversity loss is dramatic. Over the past 50 years, more than 68% of the mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish on earth have disappeared, putting the planet's survival and its inhabitants – including human beings – at risk (WWF, 2020). Financialization, or the transformation of nature into financial assets, is increasingly proposed as a solution to the biodiversity crisis. Proponents of financialization believe that assigning a monetary value to nature will incentivize human beings to protect habitats and their species. This article offers a four-mechanism model of nature’s financialization, explaining why it is virtually impossible to financialize nature. …

Spring/Summer 2022

Business Exchange

Business Education Reimagined; Scholarship Honors Legacy of Professor Sandra Shelton; Revised Bachelor’s in Business Degree Curriculum Debuts This Fall; School of Accountancy & MIS Names New Director; Sulin Ba Appointed Driehaus College of Business Dean; Real-World Consulting Projects Prepare Students for Careers; Alumnus Brian Ruben: “Paying It Forward Is the DePaul Way”

A More Efficient And Effective Objective Measure Of Financial Disclosure Quality: Omissions Of Seven Key Financial Statement Variables, Ying Zhang

Dissertations - ALL

This dissertation research includes three Chapters. Chapter One proposes a new and simple measure of financial reporting quality. Chapter Two and Chapter Three apply this new measure to examine the association between financial reporting quality and firms' internal governance issues, such as internal control quality and a possible outcome of internal control weakness (ICW), financial restatements.In Chapter One of the thesis, I propose a parsimonious, theory-based and empirically-supported measure of missing variables, REPORT. Chen et al. (2015) proposes a measure of disclosure quality, DQ, based on missing financial statement variables. DQ includes hundreds of items and is complex to program. …

Case Studies In Accountancy, Michael Keene

Honors Theses

Case Studies in Accountancy is a compilation of case studies completed in fulfillment of ACCY 420. My cases are titled as followed: A Tale of Two Cities, Financial Statements, Presidential Debate, Tax Cuts and Job Act and Taxodus, Professional Interview, Financial Crisis, Case Competition Amazon Overview, Case Competition Amazon Audit Analyst, Case Competition Amazon Tax Advisor, Case Competition Amazon Advisory Consultant and Case Competition Amazon’s Equity Position. These cases covered a variety of topics in the world of accountancy as well as touching on our personal lives. In the first semester of the course, cases were typically individual before moving …