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Articles 661 - 686 of 686
Full-Text Articles in Accounting
Equity Incentives And Earnings Management, Qiang Cheng, Terry Warfield
Equity Incentives And Earnings Management, Qiang Cheng, Terry Warfield
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper examines the link between managers' equity incentives—arising from stock-based compensation and stock ownership—and earnings management. We hypothesize that managers with high equity incentives are more likely to sell shares in the future and this motivates these managers to engage in earnings management to increase the value of the shares to be sold. Using stock-based compensation and stock ownership data over the 1993–2000 time period, we document that managers with high equity incentives sell more shares in subsequent periods. As expected, we find that managers with high equity incentives are more likely to report earnings that meet or just …
What Determines Residual Income?, Qiang Cheng
What Determines Residual Income?, Qiang Cheng
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper investigates the determinants of residual income scaled by book value of equity, i.e., abnormal return on equity (ROE), by analyzing the impact of value-creation (economic rents) and value-recording (conservative accounting) processes on abnormal ROE. I rely on economic theories to characterize economic rents and develop an empirical measure—the conservative accounting factor—to capture the effect of conservative accounting. As expected, industry abnormal ROE increases with industry concentration, industry-level barriers to entry, and industry conservative accounting factors. Also as expected, the difference between firm and industry abnormal ROE increases with market share, firm size, firm-level barriers to entry, and firm …
Intellectual Capital Performance And Cash-Based Incentive Payments: Impact Of Remuneration Committee And Corporate Governance Features, Jean-Luc Wolfgang Mitchell Van Der Zahn, Inderpal Singh, Alistair Brown
Intellectual Capital Performance And Cash-Based Incentive Payments: Impact Of Remuneration Committee And Corporate Governance Features, Jean-Luc Wolfgang Mitchell Van Der Zahn, Inderpal Singh, Alistair Brown
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
No abstract provided.
Domestic And Foreign Earnings, Stock Return Variability, And The Impact Of Investor Sophistication, Dan Segal, Jeffrey L. Callen, Ole-Kristian Hope
Domestic And Foreign Earnings, Stock Return Variability, And The Impact Of Investor Sophistication, Dan Segal, Jeffrey L. Callen, Ole-Kristian Hope
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We examine the importance of foreign earnings relative to domestic earnings for a sample of U.S. multinationals using variance decomposition. Our methodology represents an alternative and complementary approach over the prior literature, which is based on traditional regressions and earnings response coefficients. We document that domestic earnings are more important in explaining the variance of unexpected returns than are foreign earnings and that the relative importance of domestic earnings is a decreasing function of investor sophistication. Last, we classify institutional investors as either short- or long-term oriented following Bushee [1998]. We find that the variance contribution of foreign earnings increases …
The Role Of Analysts’ Forecasts In Accounting-Based Valuation: A Critical Evaluation, Qiang Cheng
The Role Of Analysts’ Forecasts In Accounting-Based Valuation: A Critical Evaluation, Qiang Cheng
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper critically evaluates the use of analysts forecasts in accounting-based valuation. Specifically, I assess the usefulness and the limitation of analysts forecasts in predicting future earnings and in explaining the market-to-book ratio, in light of a comprehensive set of 22 explicit information items, including: economic rent proxies, conservative accounting proxies, earnings quality signals, transitory earnings proxies, industry characteristics, and risk and growth proxies. While analysts forecasts capture 45–83% of the information from these sources depending on model specifications, they do not appear to fully incorporate certain information items. In particular, proxies for conservative accounting and transitory earnings are incrementally …
The Effects Of Sfas 131 Geographic Segment Disclosures On The Valuation Of Foreign Earnings, Ole-Kristian Hope, Tony Kang, Wayne Thomas, Florin Vasvari
The Effects Of Sfas 131 Geographic Segment Disclosures On The Valuation Of Foreign Earnings, Ole-Kristian Hope, Tony Kang, Wayne Thomas, Florin Vasvari
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Foreign operations are becoming increasingly important for U.S. companies. We investigate whether the market’s valuation of foreign earnings is a function of the firm’s geographic segment disclosures. Specifically, we examine the effects of an increase in the number of geographic segments disclosed and the inclusion of earnings measures in geographic segment disclosures following the adoption of SFAS 131. We find strong evidence that our proxies for increased disclosure are positively associated with the valuation of foreign earnings. Our results are robust to a number of sensitivity analyses. Taken together, our results suggest that the pricing of foreign earnings is associated …
The Impact Of Culture On Accounting Choices: Can Cultural Conservatism Explain Accounting Conservatism?, Tony Kang, Lian Fen Lee, Jeffrey Ng, Joanne Tay
The Impact Of Culture On Accounting Choices: Can Cultural Conservatism Explain Accounting Conservatism?, Tony Kang, Lian Fen Lee, Jeffrey Ng, Joanne Tay
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We explore the extent to which cultural conservatism explains accounting conservatism. Our primary measure for accounting conservatism is the magnitude of non-operating accruals, which are highly discretionary in nature. Culture permeates values and attitudes, and thus governs many aspects of human behavior. Hence it is likely to affect managers’ accounting choice behaviors. However, there is surprisingly little evidence on the association between the two types of conservatism in the literature. Using a sample of 800 firms originating from 21 countries during the nine-year period from 1993 to 2001, we find strong evidence that the managers in more conservative cultural environments …
Assessing The Relative Informativeness And Permanence Of Pro Forma Earnings And Gaap Operating Earnings, Nilabhra Bhattacharya, Erv Black, Ted Christensen, Chad Larson
Assessing The Relative Informativeness And Permanence Of Pro Forma Earnings And Gaap Operating Earnings, Nilabhra Bhattacharya, Erv Black, Ted Christensen, Chad Larson
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This study investigates whether market participants perceive pro forma earnings to be more informative and more persistent than GAAP operating income by analyzing a sample of 1,149 actual pro forma press releases. We find that pro forma announcers report frequent GAAP losses and are mostly concentrated in the service and high-tech industries. Our analyses of short-window abnormal returns and revisions in analysts’ one-quarter-ahead earnings forecasts indicate that pro forma earnings are more informative and more permanent than GAAP operating earnings. Our evidence suggests that market participants believe pro forma earnings are more representative of “core earnings” than GAAP operating income.
What Is The Social In Social Entrepreneurship?, Wee Liang Tan, John Williams, Teck Meng Tan
What Is The Social In Social Entrepreneurship?, Wee Liang Tan, John Williams, Teck Meng Tan
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
No abstract provided.
The Market Perception Of Corporate Claims, Qiang Cheng, Peter Frischmann, Terry Warfield
The Market Perception Of Corporate Claims, Qiang Cheng, Peter Frischmann, Terry Warfield
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper examines the economic substance of a broad range of securities by investigating their association with systematic risk and prices. The analysis is motivated by continuing security innovation and its impact on hybrid security reporting. Based on a sample of 2,617 firms that reported minority interests or preferred stock during 1993–1997, the results indicate that redeemable preferred securities (including trust preferred stock) are not viewed by the market as either debt or equity, suggesting dichotomous security classification may lack representational faithfulness. Inconsistent with their treatment in the financial statements, non-redeemable preferred stock and minority interests are viewed as debt-like …
Structural Analysis Of Audit Evidence Using Belief Functions, Hai Lu, Hai Lu
Structural Analysis Of Audit Evidence Using Belief Functions, Hai Lu, Hai Lu
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This article performs two types of analysis using Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions for evidential reasoning. The first analysis deals with the impact of the structure of audit evidence on the overall belief at each variable in the network, variables being the account balance to be audited, the related transaction streams, and the associated audit objectives. The second analysis deals with the impact of the relationship (logical "and" and "algebraic relationship") among various variables in the network on the overall belief. For our first analysis, we change the evidential structure from a network to a tree and determine its impact.
An Investigation Of Goodwill Accounting Policy Choice Within A Specific Knowledge Framework, Pearl H. N. Tan
An Investigation Of Goodwill Accounting Policy Choice Within A Specific Knowledge Framework, Pearl H. N. Tan
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This study, using Singapore data, investigates the relationship between Chief Executive Officers' (CEO) specific knowledge and the accounting method choice on capitalisation of goodwill. International Accounting Standard 22 (1987), applicable in Singapore in 1996, the year of the study, permits a choice between capitalisation with subsequent amortisation and immediate write-off of goodwill to reserves. This study proposes a positive relationship between human capital specificity of CEOs and the recognition of purchased goodwill on the balance sheet. Specific knowledge is unique to firms and is acquired through experience. Given that specialised assets arise from firm-specific circumstances, firm-specific knowledge potentially explains the …
Using Computer Generated Assignments To Enhance Learning, Themin Suwardy
Using Computer Generated Assignments To Enhance Learning, Themin Suwardy
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The assignment generator is a unique way of offering intellectual stimulation to students by providing them with different assignment data sets based on the same assignment specification. Due to the nature of first year accounting subjects, it is important to give students a major assignment that encompasses the full accounting cycle from journalising transactions through to preparing financial statements. Unfortunately, if all students have the same assignment specifications, the assignment is highly duplicable and the process may be seen to encourage cheating. The assignment generator provides unique assignments for each student and thus is one way of addressing the potential …
Virtual Auditing Agents: The Edgar Agent Challenge, Kay M. Nelson, Alex Kogan, Rajendra P. Srivastava, Miklos Vasarhelyi, Hai Lu
Virtual Auditing Agents: The Edgar Agent Challenge, Kay M. Nelson, Alex Kogan, Rajendra P. Srivastava, Miklos Vasarhelyi, Hai Lu
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Intelligent agents can be used as agents of organizational change. This potential exists in the domain of accounting audit, where much of what is currently done manually in batch mode could be done continuously and on-line. We discuss the use of intelligent Internet agents as a way of changing and expanding audit practices in the virtual world. A quality/service framework is presented that suggests ways that accounting firms can evolve in this era of on-line opportunities. The EDGAR Agent is presented as an example of an intelligent Internet agent that gathers financial information. The challenges involved in the development of …
On Business Education In Singapore: The Past, The Present And The Future, Teck Meng Tan, Kwong Sin Leong, Yang Hoong Pang
On Business Education In Singapore: The Past, The Present And The Future, Teck Meng Tan, Kwong Sin Leong, Yang Hoong Pang
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Examines the developments in business education in Singapore and directions for its development. Post-graduate programs; Status of management education at universities; Broadening of education in Singapore universities.
Instructional Case: Worldwide Shipping Corporation Ltd: Early Or Late Adoption Of A New International Accounting Ssandard?, Pearl Tan, Peter Lee
Instructional Case: Worldwide Shipping Corporation Ltd: Early Or Late Adoption Of A New International Accounting Ssandard?, Pearl Tan, Peter Lee
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The management of Worldwide Shipping Corp. Ltd. is confronted with a dilemma when a new international accounting standard on leases is introduced which contains a transitional provision allowing firms to defer implementation for a period of 4 years. Students are required to put themselves in the position of managers who have to weigh the adverse impact of early adoption of the new accounting standard against a responsibility for fair financial reporting. The case aims to provide students with a better understanding of the impact of off-balance sheet transactions on a firm's financial statements. The case requires students to examine implications …
Moderating Effects Of Tolerance For Ambiguity And Risktaking Propensity On The Role Conflict-Perceived Performance Relationship: Evidence From Singapore Entrepreneurs, Hai Yap Teoh, See Liang Foo
Moderating Effects Of Tolerance For Ambiguity And Risktaking Propensity On The Role Conflict-Perceived Performance Relationship: Evidence From Singapore Entrepreneurs, Hai Yap Teoh, See Liang Foo
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This study investigates the effects of tolerance for ambiguity and risktaking propensity in mediating the relationships between role conflict and perceived performance among 70 entrepreneurs in small and medium-sized businesses in Singapore. Entrepreneurial activity has been widely recognized as a major factor driving Singapore's economic development. Further insights therefore can be gained by this study, which addresses the above issues from the perspective of Singaporean entrepreneurs. As founders of their enterprises, entrepreneurs are often involved with many aspects of activities that create a high potential for conflict, having to play multiple roles, coping with competing and conflicting demands, and overcoming …
Managing Risk In Information Technology Project: A Case Study Of Tradenet, Boon Siong Neo, Kwong Sin Leong
Managing Risk In Information Technology Project: A Case Study Of Tradenet, Boon Siong Neo, Kwong Sin Leong
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The development and implementation of IT (Information Technology) projects are plagued with problems of cost and time overruns, technical inadequacy, inability to meet user requirements, lack of utilization and failure to achieve anticipated benefits. These problems occur to some projects and not to others because 1) IT projects have different profiles of risk, and 2) IT projects risks have been managed more or less effectively. This paper synthesizes the literature into four classes of risks and applies it to evaluate TradeNet, an EDI-based trading system implemented in Singapore in 1989. Through a case study of TradeNet, we derived a typology …
Auditing Practices In Singapore, See Liang Foo
Auditing Practices In Singapore, See Liang Foo
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The accounting profession in Singapore plays an important part in the country's economy because it ensures foreign investors' confidence that their investments are audited by competent, independent, and credible auditors. The emergence of joint stock companies in Singapore was made possible by the Indian Joint Stock Companies Act of 1857. The Act requires every company to maintain proper accounting and other records which will explain sufficiently the transactions and financial position of the company and to enable true and fair profit and loss account and balance-sheet and any documents required to be attached thereto to be prepared from time to …
The Determination Of Audit Fees: Analysis In The Singapore Context, Lay Chin Low, Pearl Hock Neo Tan, Hian Chye Koh
The Determination Of Audit Fees: Analysis In The Singapore Context, Lay Chin Low, Pearl Hock Neo Tan, Hian Chye Koh
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Presents information on a study which addressed the issue of audit fees determination in the audit services market in Singapore. Research design and methodology; Contributions and limitations of audit models; Conclusions.
La Productivite Des Professeurs De Comptabilite Au Canada: Depouillement De 10 Publications Specialisees, 1976-1989, A. Richardson, John Joseph Williams
La Productivite Des Professeurs De Comptabilite Au Canada: Depouillement De 10 Publications Specialisees, 1976-1989, A. Richardson, John Joseph Williams
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Les auteurs examinent dans le texte qui suit la productivité des professeurs de comptabilité canadiens en procédant au dépouillement des articles ayant paru dans 10 publications avec comité de lecture entre 1976 et 1989 inclusivement. Ils recensent le nombre d'articles rédigés par les professeurs attachés à des établissements canadiens en les classant par sujet, qu'il s'agisse de textes théoriques ou pratiques, et selon la publication dans laquelle ces articles ont paru. Les auteurs ont precédé à la compilation de statistiques sommaires permettant d'évaluer la productivité globale et la productivité par auteur dans les établissements représentés et de déterminer les 10 …
Differential Perceptions In Auditing Terms, Pearl Tan, Hian Chye Koh, Aik Meng Low
Differential Perceptions In Auditing Terms, Pearl Tan, Hian Chye Koh, Aik Meng Low
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper investigates the differences in the relative perceptions of auditing terms among groups of accountants, bankers and students. Perceptual models were constructed using multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis techniques. The models derived therefrom indicate that there are no major inter-group differences in the relative perceptions of auditing terms. This study does not therefore support the hypothesis that the “expectation gap” between users and preparers of the audit report are caused by semantical problems.
Integrating Zero-Base Budgeting With Management-By-Objectives: An Empirical Inquiry, John Joseph Williams, James D. Newton, Eric A. Morgan
Integrating Zero-Base Budgeting With Management-By-Objectives: An Empirical Inquiry, John Joseph Williams, James D. Newton, Eric A. Morgan
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Popular arguments in the management literature advocate the implementation congruity and complementarity of zero-base budgeting (ZBB) with an established management-by-objectives (MBO) system. The present study examined management perceptions on 28 ZBB implementation variables for MBO users and non-MBO users which were gathered from 153 managers at two hierarchical levels within a single private sector organization. Results from both univariate and multivariate tests indicate that ZBB implementation was not facilitated by the existence of an MBO system for either lower level management or for upper level management. The evidence obtained here strongly suggests that the purported conventional rationale underlying ZBB coupling …
Designing A Budgeting System With Planned Confusion, John Joseph Williams
Designing A Budgeting System With Planned Confusion, John Joseph Williams
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The article explores the potential virtues of dual budgeting processes coexisting within a single budgeting information system for organizations experiencing changing environments. The treatment of discretionary cost activity in the traditional budgeting process is discussed and a comparison of the effectiveness of the techniques of zero-based budgeting and traditional budgeting is presented. Using both approaches simultaneously is said to hold potential for combining the best of both methods, but the cost-effectiveness of such a dual budgeting process is noted as a limiting factor.
Stochastic Dominance And Information Value, Young Koan Kwon, John C. Fellingham, D. Paul Newman
Stochastic Dominance And Information Value, Young Koan Kwon, John C. Fellingham, D. Paul Newman
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Incentives for producing and disseminating information have been analysed in many different contexts. Kihlstrom [6], for example, develops a Bayesian framework to analyze the properties of demand functions for information about product quality. From an entirely different perspective, Spence [8, 91 demonstrates the private value of “signalling” information. Similarly, Wilson [lo] considers the value to the firm of producing technological information and the effect of such production on equilibrium theory.
Bounded Energy-Finite Solutions Of Delta U=Pu On A Riemannian Manifold, Young Koan Kwon, J. Schiff, L. Sario
Bounded Energy-Finite Solutions Of Delta U=Pu On A Riemannian Manifold, Young Koan Kwon, J. Schiff, L. Sario
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
The classification of Riemann surfaces with respect to the equation Δu = Pu (P^O, PΞ£ 0) was initiated by Ozawa [13] and further developed by L. Myrberg [8,9], Royden [14], Nakai [10,11], Sario-Nakai [15], Nakai-Sario [12], Glasner-Katz [3], and Kwon-Sario [7].