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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy of Science
New Thinking About Models, Aaron Alexander Kruk
New Thinking About Models, Aaron Alexander Kruk
Theses and Dissertations
Contemporary philosophers of science have been wholly concerned with understand- ing models through their ability to represent their target systems. According to these ‘representationalists’ understanding how models represent will answer the foremost philosophical questions pertaining to scientific models. I propose a new way to think about models. I argue that two of the functions that models preform, explanation and exploration of their target systems, are codependent on one another. That is, a model is capable of explanation if, only if, and because it is capable of exploration (and vice versa). From this codependency, it follows that we need not (and …
The L1-Norm Regularized L1-Norm Best-Fit Line Problem And Applications, Xiao Ling
The L1-Norm Regularized L1-Norm Best-Fit Line Problem And Applications, Xiao Ling
Theses and Dissertations
The best-fit subspace or low-rank approximation of a data matrix revolves
around the norm approximation technique. l2-norm criterion is probably the most
widely used norm for fitting subspaces. As the computational power increases, the
l1-norm analogue has recently gained attention from the academic community. It is
widely agreed that the l1 norm is insensitive to outliers, compared to its l2 variant.
Because of the polyhedral structure interrelated with linear programming (LP),
the l0 norm is commonly relaxed into the l1-norm problem to induce sparsity in
models. In this work, we examine …
Beyond Mental And Physical Pain: A Non-Reductive Account Of Suicide, Aya Aly Ragheb
Beyond Mental And Physical Pain: A Non-Reductive Account Of Suicide, Aya Aly Ragheb
Theses and Dissertations
What is the stigma behind our understanding of suicide? What causes this stigma? Should suicide only be viewed in relation to physical pain, as medicine often views it, or mental pain, as psychiatry views it? Or is it a more complex phenomenon? Can we think of suicide as a rational act that is, on the one hand, independent of pain, without, on the other hand, reducing it to mental illness? I will argue that if we can, we can give a less reductive account of suicide. In this paper, we shall attempt to give an answer to the above questions …
Examining The Notion Of The Boundary Object In Information Systems: The Transdisciplinary Oeuvre Of Cognitive Science, Laura Elien Ridenour
Examining The Notion Of The Boundary Object In Information Systems: The Transdisciplinary Oeuvre Of Cognitive Science, Laura Elien Ridenour
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the transdisciplinary area of cognitive science, and was framed around the sociological notion of the boundary object. Harmonizing theoretical and technical approaches, methods introduced in this work moved beyond qualitative study practices traditional to boundary object theory work to a mixed-methods data-driven approach. Bibliometric Web of Science data, enriched with National Science Foundation (NSF) journal classifications, formed the foundation from which a seed-and-expand dataset were created from journals containing the string cogni* and their cited articles for the years 2006-2016. This two-tiered dataset allowed for the analysis of boundary-spanning interdisciplinary concepts, as identified by noun phrases, and …
Non-Empirical Modelling And Theorizing: Scientific Progress In Particle Physics, Cristin Cain Chall
Non-Empirical Modelling And Theorizing: Scientific Progress In Particle Physics, Cristin Cain Chall
Theses and Dissertations
Particle physics (and other fundamental physics research, including searches for a theory of quantum gravity) faces a problem when it comes to acquiring experimental evidence. Many theories and models make predictions that cannot be tested with current, or even prospective technology. Yet these fields continue to develop, with new models and theories regularly being introduced, scrutinized, changed, and discarded. My project aims at examining the way theories and models are constructed, adapted, and assessed in fields that lack the empirical evidence that usually grounds such tasks. I will focus on two prominent examples: string theory and attempts to explain electroweak …
Maximally Contiguous Simples, Steven Canet
Maximally Contiguous Simples, Steven Canet
Theses and Dissertations
Much of the recent work done in mereology has been focused on answers to Ned Markosian’s Simple Question: What are the necessary and jointly sufficient conditions for an object’s being a simple i.e. a thing with no parts? In this paper, I analyze Markosian’s own answer, The Maximally Continuous View (MaxCon), and highlight a few of the strongest objections against that answer. I then argue that the objections only arise because Markosian assumes problematic conceptions of spacetime and matter. After updating each assumption with our best physics, I arrive at my own view, which I call the Maximally Contiguous View …
Nominalization And Interpretation: A Critique Of Global Nominalization Criteria, Jason Alen Dewitt
Nominalization And Interpretation: A Critique Of Global Nominalization Criteria, Jason Alen Dewitt
Theses and Dissertations
Nominalization is the process which removes abstract objects from our scientific theories. But what makes a proposed nominalization a good or successful one? In the paper “Is It Possible to Nominalize Quantum Mechanics,” Otávio Bueno develops criteria for any successful nominalization. In the present work, I discuss one of these criteria that I call the “interpretation criterion.” It claims that a nominalization of a scientific theory should be neutral with regards to the interpretations of that theory. I argue that the interpretation criterion is problematic, and that it should be replaced with an alternative criterion of nominalization. I first explicate …
Tumor Suppressor Mir-489 Regulates Proliferation, Autophagy And Overcomes Drug-Resistance In Breast Cancer, Mithil Soni
Tumor Suppressor Mir-489 Regulates Proliferation, Autophagy And Overcomes Drug-Resistance In Breast Cancer, Mithil Soni
Theses and Dissertations
Despite decades of extensive research, breast cancer remains an untamable disease due to complexity and heterogeneity of disease. It is for this very reason, most efforts targeting a single pathway did not yield satisfactory results. Discovery of a novel therapeutic agents targeting multiple pathways, such as miRNAs, holds promise for future cancer therapy. This study was aimed to explore therapeutic potential of one such microRNA, miR-489. In the first study, we identified autophagy as a novel pathway targeted by miR-489 and reported ULK1 and LAPTM4B to be a direct of miR-489 target. We showed that miR-489 mediated autophagy inhibition and …
Rationality, Parapsychology, And Artificial Intelligence In Military And Intelligence Research By The United States Government In The Cold War, Guy M. Lomeo
Theses and Dissertations
A study analyzing the roles of rationality, parapsychology, and artificial intelligence in military and intelligence research by the United States Government in the Cold War. An examination of the methodology behind the decisions to pursue research in two fields that were initially considered irrational.
What Science Doesn't Need To Know: Scientific Realism, Anti-Realism And The Continuum Of Knowledge, Jonathan Noble Bema Schult
What Science Doesn't Need To Know: Scientific Realism, Anti-Realism And The Continuum Of Knowledge, Jonathan Noble Bema Schult
Theses and Dissertations
In this paper, I characterize and criticize a recently articulated anti-realist defense, P. Kyle Stanford’s new induction over the history of science. I demonstrate that his position relies on a strong epistemological distinction between common sense knowledge and scientific knowledge. I argue that no such strong distinction exists and thus his anti-realism either collapses into realism or global skepticism. I also explore implications of this collapse for the belief/acceptance distinction and conclude that it is untenable only to accept our theories.
How To Think About Indiscernible Particles, Daniel Joseph Giglio
How To Think About Indiscernible Particles, Daniel Joseph Giglio
Theses and Dissertations
Permutation symmetries which arise in quantum mechanics pose an intriguing problem. It is not clear that particles which exhibit permutation symmetries (i.e. particles which are indiscernible, meaning that they can be swapped with each other without this yielding a new physical state) qualify as "objects" in any reasonable sense of the term. One solution to this puzzle, which I attribute to W.V. Quine, would have us eliminate such particles from our ontology altogether in order to circumvent the metaphysical vexations caused by permutation symmetries. In this essay I argue that Quine's solution is too rash, and in its place I …