Architecture Commons^™

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Trumpet Directivity From A Rotating Semicircular Array, Samuel D. Bellows, Joseph E. Avila, Timothy W. Leishman

Directivity

The directivity function of a played musical instrument describes the angular dependence of its acoustic radiation and diffraction about the instrument, musician, and musician’s chair. Directivity influences sound in rehearsal, performance, and recording environments and signals in audio systems. Because high-resolution, spherically comprehensive measurements of played musical instruments have been unavailable in the past, the authors have undertaken research to produce and share such data for studies of musical instruments, simulations of acoustical environments, optimizations of microphone placements, and other applications. The authors acquired the data from repeated chromatic scales produced by a trumpet played at mezzo-forte in an anechoic …

Gamelan Gong Directivity Dataset, Samuel D. Bellows, Dallin T. Harwood, Kent L. Gee, Micah R. Shepherd

Directivity

No abstract provided.

Propagation Vs Intrusion: Islamic Influences In Medieval Georgia, Jake Hubbert

Studia Antiqua

No abstract provided.

Kemar Hats Head Orientation Directivity, Samuel D. Bellows, Timothy W. Leishman

Directivity

This directivity data set for a KEMAR head head-and-torso simulator (HATS) includes head orientations in 14 directions in 5° steps starting from 0° to 40° and then in 10° steps from 40° to 90°. The full spherical measurements followed at an a = 0.97 m radius with the mouth aperture at the spherical center. The sampling density and distribution followed the AES 5° dual-equiangular sampling standard, omitting the south pole (θ = 180°). Thus, each spherical directivity assessment included 36 polar-angle θ samples and 72 azimuthal-angle ϕ samples. The presented data include 22 1/3-octave bands, ranging from 80 Hz …

Tiny Homes: 3 Things You Need To Know, Eric J. Forbush

Marriott Student Review

Tiny Homes are a modern trend that many millennials are embracing. This article explores zoning laws, cost, and utilities to help you decide if the Tiny Home lifestyle is right for you.

Symbolism Of Temple Gates In Ancient Israel, Talitha Hart

Studia Antiqua

The gates of the city and the temple establish boundaries between inner and outer space, while also allowing access to an area that is clearly separated from its surroundings. Throughout ancient Israel, the city gate was seen as representing economic activity, belonging, justice, and strength. I would argue that the gate of the temple represented many of the same things and was seen in a similar way. I have decided to include the tabernacle, as well as both Solomon’s and Herod’s temples, in this analysis, as they seem to have been seen in a similar light even if they were …

Average Speech Directivity, Samuel D. Bellows, Claire M. Pincock, Jennifer K. Whiting, Timothy W. Leishman

Directivity

Speech directivity describes the angular dependence of acoustic radiation from a talker’s mouth and nostrils and diffraction about his or her body and chair (if seated). It is an essential physical aspect of communication affecting sounds and signals in acoustical environments, audio, and telecommunication systems. Because high-resolution, spherically comprehensive measurements of live, phonetically balanced speech have been unavailable in the past, the authors have undertaken research to produce and share such data for simulations of acoustical environments, optimizations of microphone placements, speech studies, and other applications. The measurements included three male and three female talkers who repeated phonetically balanced passages …

Comparison Of Wind Farm Layout Optimization Results Using A Simple Wake Model And Gradient-Based Optimization To Large-Eddy Simulations, Jared J. Thomas, Jennifer Annoni, Paul Fleming, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

The models used during wind farm layout optimization use simplifying assumptions that can alter the design space. Some characteristics of the simple models may negatively influence the resulting layouts. In this paper, we perform wind farm layout optimization using a simple wake model and compare the resulting improvements to large-eddy simulation (LES) results to confirm that the layout was actually improved. We begin by describing the models used, including changes specific for use with gradient-based optimization. We then compare our models’ output to previously published model and LES results. Using the models described, we performed gradient-based wind farm layout optimization …

Best Practices For Wake Model And Optimization Algorithm Selection In Wind Farm Layout Optimization, Nicholas F. Baker, Andrew P.J. Stanley, Jared J. Thomas, Andrew Ning, Katherine Dykes

Faculty Publications

This paper presents the results of two case studies regarding the wind farm layout optimization problem. We asked members of the computational optimization and wind communities to take part in the studies that we designed. Nine individuals participated. Case study 1 considered variations in optimization strategies for a given simple Gaussian wake model. Participants were provided with a wake model that outputs annual energy production (AEP) for an input set of wind turbine locations. Participants used an optimization method of their choosing to find an optimal wind farm layout. Case study 2 looked at trade-offs in performance resulting from variation …

The Destruction Of Cultural Heritage In The Yemen Conflict: Legal Implications And State Responsibility, Benjamin Passey

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

Since 2015, a violent war has waged in Yemen between rebel forces and a Saudi Arabian led coalition. This conflict has resulted in thousands of civilian casualties, an unparalleled humanitarian crisis, and the flagrant disregard and violation of international humanitarian law. A silent victim of the conflict is Yemen's millennia-old cultural heritage. Dozens of ancient monuments, historical buildings, and museums have been systematically targeted and destroyed by the coalition in unprecedented acts of cultural warfare. This paper examines the culpability of the Saudi led coalition in committing war crimes, the role of the United States in the conflict, and the …

Dame Zaha Hadid, Architect: Her History, Style, And How They Uniquely Qualified Her To Design The Guangzhou Opera House, Allison Foster

AWE (A Woman’s Experience)

This paper provides a brief background on the accolades of Dame Zaha Hadid, architect, and expresses the significance of her international acclaim in light of being a woman architect. Hadid’s experiences developing into a successful, professional architect, despite existing gender and cultural minority biases working against her, are compared to the city of Guangzhou’s economic success, despite a history of foreign occupation. Hadid’s personal experiences of working and living in areas with strong multicultural influences relate to Guangzhou’s multicultural population, as it exists as a hub for immigration and trade into mainland China. Hadid’s personal style, as inspired by her …

The Precepts Of Zion And Joseph Smith's City Of Zion Plan: Major Influences For The Planning Of Nauvoo, Marjorie E. Eddy

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis addresses the archaeological question of the relationship between city planning and belief systems. It examines the extent to which the city plan of Nauvoo, Illinois, was influenced by the four precepts of Zion as outlined by Joseph Smith, the first President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. These precepts are considered as unity, order, economic equality, and leadership. The City of Zion plan as developed by Joseph Smith was the basis for many cities, including Nauvoo. The Zion plan is examined to determine the influences of the four precepts of Zion on city planning. Specifically, …

The Impact Of The Physical And Cultural Geography Of Southeastern Utah On Latter-Day Settlement, Sally Timmins Mandurino

Theses and Dissertations

The Latter-day Saint settlements in southeastern Utah, namely Bluff, Monticello and Blanding, were impacted by the physical and cultural geography of the area. These geographic elements hindered, and in some cases prevented, the Latter-day Saint colonizers from fulfilling the seven basic principles of Latter-day Saint expansion and colonization in the Great Basin. The impacts of physical geography were the geology, the climate, the soil and the rivers and streams. The impacts of cultural geography were the Navajo Indian Tribe, the Paiute Indian Tribe, and the criminal element. This thesis discusses the geographic elements of the area, how they impacted the …

The Geographical Landscape Of Tabernacles In The Mormon Culture Region, Crystal Wride Jenson

Theses and Dissertations

Although tabernacles do not hold the sacred meaning of Mormon temples, they are symbolic landmarks of the culture of the early Mormon Saints. Tabernacles were once an integral part of each community in which they were located. They were often the main buildings in the community, reflecting the coherent, orderly nature of a Mormon town. Today, many of the original tabernacles have been torn down and others are under the threat of destruction.

The first tabernacles built in the Mormon Culture Region were constructed in the 1850s. They were large meetinghouses built for the purpose of holding large general meetings. …

The Effect Of The Rivalry Between Jesse Knight And Thomas Nicholls Taylor On Architecture In Provo, Utah: 1896-1915, Stephen A. Hales

Theses and Dissertations

The development of the downtown business district of Provo, Utah has closely followed the orderly growth envisioned by its founders. However, one early change in the city's layout had a profound effect on the direction of Provo's development. In 1852, Brigham Young moved the site of the Provo tabernacle from its original location in the designated public square to a location on the fringes of the earliest city boundaries. The result of this action was a sometimes heated controversy among residents regarding the city's true public center. As commercial development reached a peak between 1896 and 1915, the controversy erupted …

County-Level Land Use Planning Policies And Regulations Impacting The Pattern Of Settlement In Utah County, Utah, Erik A. Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

Utah County has the second largest county population in the State of Utah and ranks 16th out of 29 in total land area. Over 90% of the County's quarter of a million residents live in the area known as Utah Valley, a relatively narrow strip of land situated between the Wasatch Mountains and Utah Lake. In addition to a large population, most of which was realized during the 1970s, Utah Valley also contains the bulk of the County's important agricultural land. Not surprisingly, the expanding population in Utah Valley has created competition between agricultural and urban uses for limited land …

Early Mormon Woodworking At Its Best: A Study Of The Craftsmanship In The First Temples Of Utah, Thomas Weston Welch

Theses and Dissertations

The original intent of this paper was to examine early mormon pioneer woodworking. Upon investigation, however, it was discovered that there is one type of early utah mormon woodworking about which very little has been written and which includes some of the best efforts of these early craftsmen. This woodworking is the interior work done in the construction of the early mormon temples. This paper will attempt to document the state of early pioneer craftsmanship and show examples of this work.

"The Church And Colonel Saunders": Mormon Standard Plan Architecture, Martha Sonntag Bradley

Theses and Dissertations

In the years 1920-80 the Mormon Church developed, expanded and refined an architectural program based on the concept of the standard plan. Standard plan buildings were selected, individualized and built for local ward units under the direction of the Church Building Department which created uniform standards of quality and appearance across the worldwide Church and created a tangible link between foreign members and the central Church.

Although functional and financial considerations directed virtually all design decisions and formed the operative basis of the program other elements also determined the nature of the Mormon approach to building. Growth, in the membership, …

A Geographic Study Of Stone Houses In Selected Utah Communities, Barry M. Roth

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis will investigate the spatial location of stone houses and the areal differentiation of several characteristics of stone houses in selected communities. Some differences in cultural and historical factors and in types of building stone, quarries and quarrying techniques will be studied. The thesis will also investigate why stone houses are still in existence and things that owners, residents, and others like and dislike about them.

Form-Function Relationships In The Development Of Lds Church Architecture, Ebbie Lavar Davis

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the functions: ordinances, meetings, programs of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints on the development of the physical plant. Inversely, the effect of Church house forms on the development of Church function was investigated. It was found that:
1. In Latter-day Saint Church development, form has always followed function.
2. Function has influenced form to a great extent. Priesthood, meeting, or other program needs are a prime factor in changing the form and design of Church buildings.
3. Form has influenced function only insofar as the physical …

The Beehive House: Its Design, Restoration And Furnishings, Judy Butler Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

This study has been an attempt to examine the design, restoration and furnishings of the Beehive House to determine the degree to which the home was accurately restored, and to learn more about the key furnishings within the home.
The answers to four questions have formed the body of the thesis:
1. What was the historical background of the Beehive House to the times of its restoration?
2. To what extent is the structural restoration authentic to the time of Brigham Young?
3. What items were originally found in the Beehive House?
4. To what extenet are the furnishings appropriate …

A Historical Analysis Of Cove Fort, Utah, Larry C. Porter

Theses and Dissertations

With the passage of years a succession of families called Cove Fort their home. Members of these households served as agents for the facility and supervised its operation. A view of the personalities and occurrences associated with the various occupants is a necessary part of understanding that which has transpired at the site.

The purpose of this thesis has been to gather and record that information which is currently available on the subject of the Fort. Each succeeding year diminishes the prospects of preserving certain valuable aspects of the history of that establishment which have not been previously committed to …