Digital Commons Network^™

The Role Of Non-State Actors In Enhancing Peacebuilding Among Women In Mount Elgon Region, Kenya, Cherotich Mung'ou

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

The African continent has borne the brunt of inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic conflicts. Consequently, there are many efforts aimed at rebuilding societies torn apart by conflicts in the African continent. This paper posits that non-state actors play great roles in fostering grassroots peace initiatives. This study examines the role of non-state actors in promoting peacebuilding among women in Mount Elgon region in Kenya following the aftermath of the 2006-2008 intra-ethnic conflict between the Soy and Ndorobo[1] clans of the Sabaot community. The conflict led to the formation of the Sabaot Land Defence force which inflicted harm on the residents. Furthermore, …

Processus De Démocratisation Et Polarisation D'Une Société. Une Analyse De La Crise Actuelle Au Burundi (Avril 2015-Juin 2016), Leonidas Ndayisaba

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Depuis avril 2015, le Burundi, pays de la Région des Grands Lacs africains, vit une crise politique consécutive à la candidature du Chef d’Etat à un troisième mandat selon l’opposition. Pourtant, après la conclusion de l’Accord d’Arusha pour la Paix et la Réconciliation au Burundi en août 2000, le pays avait connu une évolution politique majeure en répondant à deux questions majeures, à savoir la légitimité du pouvoir et la mise sur pied d’un ensemble de mécanismes institutionnels en vue de bannir le recours à la violence politique. L’auteur aborde dans cet article, de façon analytique et équilibrée, la crise …

Role Of Civil Society Organizations In Conflict And Post-Conflict Situations In Rwanda, Masabo Francois

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

This article explores the role of Civil Society Organizations in conflict and post-conflict situations that affected the Rwandan society. Their role is directly connected with the broad history of the country, their relationship with the regime on power and external donors, and their capacities to achieve their respective mission and vision. Different sources of information including primary data collected using a questionnaire demonstrated that CSOs in Rwanda are at middle level undermined by genocide ideology, lacking skills to empower constituencies and to allow them to participate in public policy formulation and implementation process. CSOs are experiencing financial and ideological dependence …

Social Cohesion Through Cooperative Contact: A Theoretical Perspective, Ezechiel Sentama

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

This paper aims to contribute to the theoretical debate when it comes to how to successfully achieve social cohesion after violent conflicts. Using the premises of contact hypothesis, and qualitative approach, the paper’s theoretical conclusions are drawn from the experience of the relational effects of contact, in the cooperative organization, between antagonistic groups in post-genocide Rwanda—genocide survivors and genocide perpetrators, as well as their respective family members. The paper discusses the nature, the form and the degree of the relational effects resulting from contact, in the cooperative organization, between post-genocide sides and suggests that, by virtue of its guiding values …

China And Africa’S Peace And Security Agenda: The Burgeoning Appetite, Oita Etyang, Simon Oswan Panyako

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

China and Africa have had contacts since time immemorial. It is, however, in the last two decades that China vastly increased its engagement with Africa, following the first Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) that took place in 2000 and the Beijing Summit held in 2006. China has skillfully utilized its international strategy of multipolarity and non-interference to champion its economic interests as well as its hegemonic quest. It is undeniable that China has heavily invested in Africa through Foreign Direct Investments (FDI), and infrastructure development. China has also increased its appetite on matters peace and security. …

Civil-Military Relations And The African Standby Forces' Multidimensionism, Francis Onditi, Pontian G. Okoth

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

The feasibility of a multidimensional African Standby Force (ASF) and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises (ACIRC) is uncertain. This is despite the existence of a policy framework initiating the ASF and regional mechanisms (RMs). The policy was adopted and adapted to assume a multidimensional configuration, in May 2003 and in 2004 respectively. More than ten years after its establishment, there exist an unconcluded debate on whether the ASF and the regional mechanisms have achieved the multidimensional status-military, civilians and police components. It is in this sense that reference to civil-military relations (CMRs) has become almost a cliché …

The Cost Of Inter-Ethnic Conflicts In Ghana’S Northern Region: The Case Of The Nawuri-Gonja Conflicts, Emmanuel Debrah, Seidu Alidu, Isaac Owusu-Mensah

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

The article assesses the socio-economic and human repercussions of one of the fiercest ethnic conflicts in Ghana’s Northern Region on people and society. While Ghana remains a stable democracy, sporadic ethnic and chieftaincy conflicts have been a recurrent feature of the political process. Analyzing data from survey opinions and interviews from wide spectrum of respondents, the study noted that the Nawuri-Gonja conflicts have destroyed the fabric of the society leaving behind squalor, breakdown of healthcare, education and psychological trauma. Women and children have suffered rape assaults and unprecedented high rate of mortality due to malnourishments respectively. The plights of these …

Conflict Of Interest In Exploitation And Utilisation Of Transboundary Natural Resources On Lake Victoria, Edmond M. Were

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

The management of Lake Victoria as a “regional common” is expected to adhere to the global principles of transboundary natural resource management. However, national interest and power asymmetry amongst riparian states buoyed by external demand have overwhelmed global and regional norms leading to incessant exploitation of the common resources. This paper uses idealist and realist perspectives of power relations to inform the analysis of conflicting interests in transboundary natural resource exploitation. It partly relies on 2012-2013 primary data from purposively selected Beach Management Units in Kenya and Uganda and secondary data from regional fisheries institutions. Notwithstanding the normative value of …

Beyond The Mato Oput Tradition: Embedded Contestations In Transitional Justice For Post-Massacre Pajong, Northern Uganda, David-Ngendo Tshimba

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Human beings to a great extent are what community stories narrate about them. This paper is informed by an ethnological field research carried in one of the remotest villages of Mucwini Sub-county in Kitgum district, northern Uganda, scrutinizes people’s stories as they echo concerns about justice from different perspectives of victimhood in the aftermath of a Lord’s Resistance Army-commanded massacre which claimed the lives of 56 people in a night, the majority of whom (21) were from the Pajong clan. After a decade, all direct violent confrontations have no doubt ceased, however, the search for peace still is utterly skewed …

La Gouvernance Des Mémoires Au Rwanda Au Travers Du Dispositif « Ingando »: Une Analyse Critique Des Représentations Sociales, Eric Ndushabandi

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

The objective of this paper is to understand the place of memory in the post conflict society reconstruction. The main objective of this paper is to understand how Rwanda is managing the past and the genocide memory through “Ingando”, this kind of solidarity camps organized for all social categories. This paper builds its argument from findings of a doctoral research conducted on “Ingando”. The Ingando framework constitutes one of major mechanisms through which the post genocide Rwandan government has attempted to create one “common interpretation of the past” or a “national collective memory” as part of the nation building agenda. …

Accord De Paix Et Processus De Transformation Des Conflits Au Burundi, Leonidas Ndayisaba

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Après des décennies de conflits et d’instabilité politique, l’escalade du conflit interne burundais conduit aux négociations de paix d’Arusha (Tanzanie) de 1998 à 2000 entre les principales parties au conflit. Le résultat fut la conclusion de l’Accord d’Arusha pour la Paix et la Réconciliation au Burundi (AAPRB) signé le 28 août 2000. Prônant un esprit d’inclusion et de partage du pouvoir entre acteurs politico-ethniques burundais, l’Accord sera complété par un accord additionnel prévoyant une période de transition de 2001 à 2005 suivie de l’organisation d’élections générales en 2005. Il fut donc appliqué progressivement, tandis que des groupes rebelles, le Front …

The Role Of History And Political Studies In Post-Genocide Reconstruction And Development, Charles Kabwete Mulinda

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

This paper argues for complementarity between social sciences, such as history and political studies on the one hand, and science and technology on the other hand. It insists that Africa and Rwanda in particular need the discipline of history in conjunction with science and technology in order to teach knowledge that is complete and to target African renaissance, that is, sustainable development and sustainable peace.

It also makes an advocacy for History and Political Science disciplines because of particular crises that those programmes are currently facing at the National University of Rwanda (NUR). But it does also put those crises …

Notions D`Education À La Culture De La Paix, Laurent Nkusi

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Processus De Démocratisation Dans La Région Des Grands Lacs: Poids Du Passe Et Perspectives, Eric Nsanzubuhoro Ndushabandi

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Cette réflexion à pour objet d’analyser les processus de démocratisation dans la Région des grands lacs. Elle se limite sur les enjeux, les défis liés au passé et les progrès de ces processus de démocratisation dans trois pays de la Région des Grands Lacs à savoir la République Démocratique du Congo, le Rwanda et le Burundi. Cette délimitation se justifie par les liens géographiques, historiques, socio-économiques et politiques que ces trois pays ont en commun. Le multipartisme fut développé depuis la fin des conférences nationales de 1990-1991 au lendemain de la conférence de la baule qui a prescrit à tous …

Elections Presidentielles De 2010 Au Rwanda : Progres Et Perspectives, François Masabo

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Introduction, François Masabo

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Les Droits Et Les Marches Linguistiques Au Rwanda, Straton Rurangirwa

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Public Holidays In Post-Independence Rwanda: A Historical Reading Of Some Speeches, Charles Kabwete Mulinda

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Since independence, Rwandan governments have made it a culture to commemorate some events considered as important. These include the dates of 28 January in remembrance of the Gitarama proclamation of the Republic and abolition of Monarchy on 28 January 1961; 25 September to commemorate the victory of Party of Movement of Emancipation of Hutu (PARMEHUTU) victory of legislative elections, and 1 July to celebrate the Rwandan independence that took place on 1 July 1962. Other important dates include the 1^st of January of each year when the Head of State used to address the nation and the 5^{th …}

The Importance Of Language Studies In Conflict Resolution, Amini Jean De Dieu Ngabonziza

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

After the genocide perpetuated against Tutsi, the government of Rwanda took on the path to rebuild the country. Education became Rwanda’s priority in order to recover the lost human resource capacity. The government also focused on unity and reconciliation to create harmony among Rwandans. Science and technology has been advanced as one of the key solutions to Rwanda’s development needs. This promotion of science and technology has led to a lack of appreciation of language studies, arts, and humanities in general. As a result, the importance of language studies in the country’s growth and its role in conflict resolution has …

Egalite Du Genre Dans Le Processus De La Stabilisation De La S/Region Des Grands Lacs : Quels Enjeux Dans Le Processus Electoral 2011 En Rdc?, Vincent Muderhwa Barhatulirwa

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

La question du genre m’intéresse car ‘l’institutionnalisation sociale des différences des sexes va au cœur du politique, et donc au cœur de la paix’. La stabilité socio-économique et politique de la Sous-Région dépendra de la promotion du genre. Le point de départ de cette réflexion consistera à faire une analyse du contexte. D’abord, faire découvrir que la plupart des Etats fonctionnent comme un système social patriarcal imbu des cultures et des traditions marginalisant les femmes par des formes de langage qui les dévalorisant et les décourageant à jouer un rôle dans le domaine public. Ensuite, essayer de comprendre comment les …

Mission

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Contributors

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Genocide In Darfur: Investigating Atrocities In The Sudan. Edited By Samuel Totten And Eric Markusen. New York, Ny: Routledge, 2006., Rafiki Ubaldo

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Genocide, Denial, And Domination: Armenian-Turkish Relations From Conflict Resolution To Just Transformation, Henry C. Theriault

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

This article presents a critical analysis of the general “conflict resolution” approach for improving Turkish-Armenian relations, the latter of which completely broke apart as a result of the Ottoman Turk Genocide of the Armenians (1915-1923). In doing so, it examines past and present Armenian-Turkish relations underlying the approach. Ultimately, the author argues that the forms of the “conflict resolution” model typically proposed and pursued cannot address the root causes of the problems inherent in Turkish-Armenian relations and thus cannot succeed in resolving those problems. The author concludes with recommendations that he believes could lead toward a meaningful resolution of the …

The Release, Transfer And/Or Use Of Imprisoned Criminals And/Or Known Gangsters During The Commission Of Acts Potentially Leading Up To Genocide: A Clear And Unmistakable Early Warning Signal Of A Failed State - Some Preliminary Thoughts, Samuel Totten

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

The Responsibility To Protect And Preventing Genocide In The Twenty-First Century, Herbert Hirsch

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

As the new century rolls on, as genocide continues in places such as Darfur and the old slogans such as “never again” and others retain the ring of insincerity, new prescriptions emerged as to how genocide is to be prevented in this 21st century. Already, however, the century is not so new and neither are the prescriptions. In order to fully understand the newest of the new ideas, The Responsibility to Protect, it must be placed within the context of international politics and a brief history of prevention in the late Twentieth Century.

Why Men Participate: A Review Of Perpetrator Research On The Rwandan Genocide, Cyanne E. Loyle

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

In “Why Men Participate: A Review of Perpetrator Research on the Rwandan Genocide,” Cyanne E. Loyle provides a thought-provoking analysis of the existing state of the genocide perpetrator literature. Relying on fieldwork conducted in Rwanda over the past several years, her research contributes to the development of a unified theory of participation in genocide (that is, who participates and why) that can be examined and applied across case.

The Rwandan Genocide: Why Early Warning Failed, Gregory H. Stanton

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Early warnings of the Rwandan genocide were ignored because policy makers perceived it as a "civil war," denied the facts, and decided not to intervene, preventing U.S. and U.N. lawyers from calling the killing "genocide." Early reinforcement of UNAMIR could have saved hundreds of thousands of lives, but "group-think" precluded consideration of direct military intervention by the U.S. and allied forces, though they were near Rwanda and rescued their own nationals. Unwilling to financially and militarily support a reinforced UNAMIR, the U.S., U.K. and U.N., the Security Council ordered UNAMIR to leave Rwanda; because they did not consider Rwandan lives …

Cover & Front Matter

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.

Editors' Introduction

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

No abstract provided.