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Articles 181 - 210 of 2339
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Growth Mindset Messaging In Stigma-Relevant Contexts: Harnessing Benefits Without Costs, Crystal L. Hoyt, Jeni L. Burnette
Growth Mindset Messaging In Stigma-Relevant Contexts: Harnessing Benefits Without Costs, Crystal L. Hoyt, Jeni L. Burnette
Psychology Faculty Publications
Growth mindsets are increasingly used to promote learning, development, and health. The increased popularity resulted in scrutiny and disputes about utility. The current work reviews a perspective critical to the debate. Namely, we focus on emerging research that examines both the favorable and potentially adverse consequences of growth mindset messaging in stigma-relevant contexts. This double-edge sword model merges the mindset perspective with attribution theory and the psychological essentialism literature. In stigmatizing contexts and in isolation, growth mindsets can indirectly predict lesspositive outcomes, via personal responsibility for the problem, but more positive outcomes, via expectations for the potential to manage …
[Introduction To] Black Lives And Bathrooms: Racial And Gendered Reactions To Minority Rights Movements., J. E. Sumerau, Eric A. Grollman
[Introduction To] Black Lives And Bathrooms: Racial And Gendered Reactions To Minority Rights Movements., J. E. Sumerau, Eric A. Grollman
Bookshelf
Black Lives and Bathrooms: Racial and Gendered Reactions to Minority Rights Movements examines how people respond to minority movements in ways that maintain existing patterns of racial and gender inequality. By studying the Black Lives Matter and Transgender Bathroom Access movement efforts, J.E. Sumerau and Eric Anthony Grollman analyze how cisgender white people define minority movements in relation to their existing notions of United States social norms; react to minority movements utilizing racial, classed, gendered, and sexual stereotypes that reinforce racism, sexism, and cissexism in society; and propose ways that racial and gender minorities could gain conditional acceptance by behaving …
“It’S My Metier”: The Failed Hero In Chinatown, Ann C. Hall
“It’S My Metier”: The Failed Hero In Chinatown, Ann C. Hall
Heroism Science
Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974) presents one of film’s most memorable failed heroes, Jake Giddes. Because of its grim ending, critics tend to conclude that it is an existential noir or a reflection on Polanski’s life and times, his escape from the Holocaust as a child, the death of his wife Sharon Tate, or political events such as Watergate and Vietnam. By examining the film as through the genre of tragedy, Giddes becomes a tragic, not failed, hero, a character who can show us how to suffer nobly.
Monomyth Or Monogamyth? Polyamory’S Conceptual Challenges To The Hero’S Journey, James K. Beggan
Monomyth Or Monogamyth? Polyamory’S Conceptual Challenges To The Hero’S Journey, James K. Beggan
Heroism Science
In the context of polyamorous relationships, a unicorn can be defined as a single, bisexual woman interested in forming a relationship with a heterosexual couple. Heroism scholars have suggested that the hero’s journey (or monomyth) can be used as a framework for understanding everyone’s life. By extension, it would be possible to frame the search for a receptive unicorn as a hero’s quest. Unicorn hunters are stigmatized by the general public for challenging the monogamyth, i.e., the monogamy norm. They are also criticized by the polyamorous community for privileging their own interests ahead of those of the women they are …
Lay Theories Of Heroism And Leadership: The Role Of Gender, Communion, And Agency, Crystal L. Hoyt, Scott T. Allison, Agatha Barnowski, Aliya Sultan
Lay Theories Of Heroism And Leadership: The Role Of Gender, Communion, And Agency, Crystal L. Hoyt, Scott T. Allison, Agatha Barnowski, Aliya Sultan
Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications
Whereas leadership is generally perceived as a masculine enterprise, heroism research suggests that people view heroes as similarly masculine, but having more feminine traits. We predicted that heroes will be evaluated higher than leaders in communion but not differ in agency. In Study 1, heroes were perceived to have higher communion and similarly high agency as leaders. In Studies 2 and 3, we replicated these trait ratings focusing on perceptions of typical heroes/leaders (S2) and personal heroes/leaders (S3). In Study 4, we showed that the greater level of communion associated with heroes is independent of their gender. In Study 5, …
Between The Bear And The Dragon: Multivectorism In Kazakhstan As A Model Strategy For Secondary Powers, Rachel Vanderhill, Sandra F. Joireman, Roza Tulepbayeva
Between The Bear And The Dragon: Multivectorism In Kazakhstan As A Model Strategy For Secondary Powers, Rachel Vanderhill, Sandra F. Joireman, Roza Tulepbayeva
Political Science Faculty Publications
Kazakhstan has followed a foreign policy of multivector diplomacy since its independence from the former Soviet Union. While multivectorism was a strategy of necessity in its early years, it has evolved to empower Kazakhstan to effectively protect its independence and negotiate its relationship with the great powers on its borders and further afield. After the 2014 Russian seizure of Crimea it is noteworthy that Kazakhstan has maintained positive relations with Russia while asserting its sovereignty and independent foreign policy. In this article we investigate how Kazakhstan has negotiated the rise of China, taking advantage of the economic opportunities it presents. …
Brazilian Maize Yields Negatively Affected By Climate After Land Clearing, Stephanie A. Spera, Jonathan M. Winter, Trevor F. Partridge
Brazilian Maize Yields Negatively Affected By Climate After Land Clearing, Stephanie A. Spera, Jonathan M. Winter, Trevor F. Partridge
Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications
To date, over 50% of the Brazilian Cerrado has been cleared predominantly for 11 agropastoral purposes. Here, we use the Weather Research and Forecasting model to run 15- 12 year climate simulations across Brazil with six land-cover scenarios: 1) before extensive land 13 clearing; 2) observed in 2016; 3) Cerrado replaced with single-cropped (soy) agriculture; 4) 14 Cerrado replaced with double-cropped (soy-maize) agriculture; 5) eastern Amazon replaced 15 with single-cropped agriculture; and 6) eastern Amazon replaced with double-cropped 16 agriculture. All land-clearing scenarios (2-6) contain significantly more growing season days 17 with temperatures that exceed critical temperature thresholds for maize. …
Do Education System Characteristics Moderate The Socioeconomic, Gender And Immigrant Gaps In Math And Science Achievement?, Katerina Bodovsk, Ismael Munoz, Soo-Yong Byun, Volha Chykina
Do Education System Characteristics Moderate The Socioeconomic, Gender And Immigrant Gaps In Math And Science Achievement?, Katerina Bodovsk, Ismael Munoz, Soo-Yong Byun, Volha Chykina
Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications
Using data from the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study for 45 countries, we examined the size of socioeconomic, gender, and immigrant status related gaps, and their relationships with education system characteristics, such as differentiation, standardization, and proportion of governmental spending on education. We find that higher socioeconomic status is positively and significantly associated with higher math and science achievement; immigrant students lag behind their native peers in both math and science, with first generation students faring worse than second generation; and girls show lower math performance than boys. A higher degree of differentiation makes socioeconomic gaps larger …
When Class Is Colorblind: A Race-Conscious Model For Cultural Capital Research In Education, Bedelia N. Richards
When Class Is Colorblind: A Race-Conscious Model For Cultural Capital Research In Education, Bedelia N. Richards
Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications
Sociologists of education frequently draw on the cultural capital framework to explore the ways in which educational institutions perpetuate inequality in schools and the larger society. However, these studies adhere to a white centered “class-based master-narrative,” to legitimize and perpetuate the assumption that racial differences are secondary manifestations of class-based structures. The class-based master-narrative elevates a one-dimensional view of inequality as rooted primarily in class-based stratification and downplays the fact that the economic elites who inhabit these dominant social positions are predominantly white. In this essay, I propose a race-conscious framework to challenge the colorblind assumptions and deficit perspectives inherent …
Operación Araña: Reflections On How A Performative Intervention In Buenos Aires’S Subway System Can Help Rethink Feminist Activism, Mariela Méndez
Operación Araña: Reflections On How A Performative Intervention In Buenos Aires’S Subway System Can Help Rethink Feminist Activism, Mariela Méndez
Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications
On July 31, 2018, Buenos Aires’s subway system was overtaken by a public intervention under the name “Operación Araña,” co-organized by Ni Una Menos - a feminist social movement focused on gender violence -, the Campaign for the Right to Legal, Safe, and Free Abortion, unionized metro workers, and more than seventy organizations, with the overall intention of affirming women’s autonomy and calling attention to several social issues with direct impact on their lives. This study weaves a series of reflections on some of the specific features of the Operación Araña intervention that can shed light on how and why …
Storytelling For Fundraising: Assessing The Impact Of Personal Stories On Donation Behavior, Kate Mccarthy
Storytelling For Fundraising: Assessing The Impact Of Personal Stories On Donation Behavior, Kate Mccarthy
Jepson School of Leadership Studies Research Symposium
In fundraising, some nonprofits have sought to channel the power of personal stories by including them in appeal letters. Are stories an effective tool in soliciting donations? In this study, participants read one of three appeals from an unnamed abortion fund. Two conditions contained a personal story, either an “unapologetic” or a “safe, legal, rare” narrative, about a woman who underwent an abortion; one condition did not include a story. Participants were then asked questions regarding the appeal and the organization before being given a “bonus” dollar, and offered the option of donating a portion of that to an abortion …
Systems Of Meaning In Place Attachment, Emily Routman
Systems Of Meaning In Place Attachment, Emily Routman
Geography and the Environment Capstone Projects
Numerous scholars agree that contact with natural landscapes has benefits for the landscape and the person experiencing them, including increased environmentally-responsible behaviors as well as psychological, cognitive, physiological, and social benefits. People develop a sense of place in outdoor landscapes while experiencing the physical environment, and sense of place is strengthened by place attachment – one’s emotional ties to a place. According to Williams and Patterson (1999), place attachment is perceived through four systems of meaning: 1) aesthetic/inherent, 2) goal-directed/instrumental, 3) cultural/symbolic, and 4) individual/expressive. The present study sought to understand which of these four systems of meaning are the …
Memorialization On College Campuses Today, Virginia Thornton
Memorialization On College Campuses Today, Virginia Thornton
Geography and the Environment Capstone Projects
This study uses the theoretical basis of placemaking and memorialization to examine the placement of memorial landscapes on college campuses. The research is based in case study analysis of other college campuses. It looks specifically at where and what is memorialized and what elements of placemaking are incorporated. The main postulate of my research is that the location of the memorialization of the suspected slave burial ground and history of slave labor on Richmond’s campus is appropriately placed in the Eco-corridor. The research suggests this postulate is not true, as the majority of other memorials have been placed in more …
Stormwater Management For A Healthier Campus Watershed: The Value-Add Of Green Stormwater And Watershed Management To The University Of Richmond’S Campus Landscape, Nia Cambridge
Geography and the Environment Capstone Projects
Increasing competitiveness, educational opportunities and available funding, investment in sustainable infrastructure can be an immense value-add to the modern-day college campus. This paper explores the use of green low impact development to mitigate the effects of stormwater runoff on the University of Richmond (UR) campus. Rich in sediment, nutrients, heavy metals, bacteria and other organic matter, stormwater runoff is one of the main non-point sources of pollution in urban water bodies and a key area of opportunity for UR to improve stewardship to the nearby James River. A review of academic and industry literature was conducted to determine whether or …
Liking And Listening: Impression Formation And Information Processing In Presidential Debates, Lauren H. O'Brien
Liking And Listening: Impression Formation And Information Processing In Presidential Debates, Lauren H. O'Brien
Jepson School of Leadership Studies Research Symposium
Participants were asked to watch, listen to, or read a transcript of the opening statements from the first presidential debate of 1960 between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon. Afterwards, participants were asked to recall three moments in the debate, both list and identify quotes from each candidate, and indicate impressions of each candidate’s personality. My research aimed to see if there is any connection between debate format, how participants process information, and how participants form impressions of a leader’s personality. I hypothesized that participants who listened to the debate would best process information. While there were few situations where …
Learning To Check Yourself: Improving Civic Engagement Through Duties, Better Voting Practices, And Combatting Group Loyalty, Katherine Brumond
Learning To Check Yourself: Improving Civic Engagement Through Duties, Better Voting Practices, And Combatting Group Loyalty, Katherine Brumond
Jepson School of Leadership Studies Research Symposium
This project examines civic engagement. It is divided into three chapters: apathy, voting, and group loyalties. In the first section, I derive two duties, a duty to care and a duty to reason well, that serve as a framework for community engagement aimed at facilitating moral progress. In the second section the main topic is voting. Voting as it currently stands poses several difficulties when conforming to the duties of caring and reasoning well. Instead of arguing for abstaining from voting, I argue for strategies that we can vote well by being more rational. The third section of this project …
A License To Kill: The Institutional Failure Of The Legal System To Hold Police Accountable, Eliana Fleischer
A License To Kill: The Institutional Failure Of The Legal System To Hold Police Accountable, Eliana Fleischer
Jepson School of Leadership Studies Research Symposium
In recent years, police shootings of unarmed African American men have become nationally visible. With few exceptions, the police officers involved in those shootings have escaped any criminal penalties. This paper addresses the question: Why is it that so few police officers are convicted after shooting unarmed African Americans? This paper takes an interdisciplinary approach in answering this question. First, prosecutorial power and lack of accountability allow prosecutors to advocate for accused police officers to further their own career prospects. Second, the Supreme Court has adapted the qualified immunity and excessive force doctrines to become nearly all-encompassing legal shields for …
The University Of Richmond: Leadership During Crisis, Gabby Beneducci, Josie Bossidy, Ben Castellano, Lexi Cobbs, Phoebe Cook, Westen Doran, Caroline Dzenitis, Taylor Fine, Evie Hanson, Sophia Hartman, Maha Hassan, Katelyn Inkman, Grace Jamin, Matt Kalady, Mimi Laws, Regan Mccrossan, David Nadwodny, Kathryn Reda, Savon Smith, Brian Taylor, Arden Tierney, Lauranett L. Lee
The University Of Richmond: Leadership During Crisis, Gabby Beneducci, Josie Bossidy, Ben Castellano, Lexi Cobbs, Phoebe Cook, Westen Doran, Caroline Dzenitis, Taylor Fine, Evie Hanson, Sophia Hartman, Maha Hassan, Katelyn Inkman, Grace Jamin, Matt Kalady, Mimi Laws, Regan Mccrossan, David Nadwodny, Kathryn Reda, Savon Smith, Brian Taylor, Arden Tierney, Lauranett L. Lee
Student Publications
Throughout history, we have experienced numerous points of difficulty, tension, and conflict. Although they vary widely in their cause, context, and intensity, these points in history are considered times of crisis. How humans have reacted to these events and moments having created influential turning points in human history. This presentation explores various crises in American history, and the role of leaders and leadership during these times. This presentation looks at these crises, past and present, from the perspective of the collegiate institution, specifically, the University of Richmond.
Dead Wolf To Red Wolf: Virginia Reintroduction Habitat Suitability, Hector Gomez
Dead Wolf To Red Wolf: Virginia Reintroduction Habitat Suitability, Hector Gomez
Environmental Studies Senior Seminar Projects
Red wolves (Canis Rufus) are the most endangered species of red wolves. All red wolves currently in the wild are in the Albemarle Peninsula in North Carolina. Red wolf population in the Albemarle decreased from a peak of around 113-149 wolves in 2014 to 15-17 wolves in 2021. Most red wolf mortalities for this wild population occurred from anthropogenic causes such as accidental shooting, poaching, and vehicle strikes. The purpose of this study is to assess the suitability of the Delmarva Peninsula as a potential reintroduction site for another red wolf population. To do so I analyzed the land cover, …
William James's Use Of Temperaments And Types, David E. Leary
William James's Use Of Temperaments And Types, David E. Leary
Psychology Faculty Publications
What did William James mean when he claimed that the history of philosophy is “to a great extent” a “clash of human temperaments”? Did this mean that philosophers, in his estimation, are bound to represent one or the other type, or orientation, associated with various generalized philosophical positions? Did it mean that philosophers were necessarily, in his terminology, either “tender-minded” or “tough-minded”? And if philosophical arguments are, in fact, expressions of physiological factors, through what means do these factors achieve expression? What, in sum, did James mean to imply when he invoked the concept of “temperament” and used the related …
Self-Directed Universalists: Social Heroes And Value-Oriented Challenges To Authority, Michael Condren
Self-Directed Universalists: Social Heroes And Value-Oriented Challenges To Authority, Michael Condren
Heroism Science
This study investigates the role of values in the actions of social heroes, which previous research has suggested may play a role in motivating principled challenges to authority. Kelman and Hamilton’s (1989) orientation to authority framework was used to identify when value-oriented challenges to authority – suggestive of later social heroism – first emerged in their lives, and the values associated with those behaviors. Analyses of archival interviews with 15 leaders of a social activist group found that all participants acted on a value orientation to authority, and they considered these actions to be important experiences in their development as …
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Description, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Description, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Event Description
To launch Women’s History Month, a series of feminist flash mob interventions took place at the University of Richmond on Wednesday, March 4, 2020 organized by professors Patricia Herrera and Mariela Méndez who team-taught the bilingual course "Gender, Race, and Performance Across the Americas." These flash mobs were inspired by “Un violador en tu camino,” a performance-based protest against gender violence created by the Chilean feminist collective Lastesis. “A Rapist in Your Path” was first staged in Valparaíso, Chile, in, 2019. Soon after, it went viral, and has been performed by women all over the world. Students from six different …
Campus Route Map For The Feminist Flash Mob Intervention, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Campus Route Map For The Feminist Flash Mob Intervention, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Route Map
This map provides the route followed by the students for the Feminist Flash Mob Intervention on the University of Richmond campus.
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Ur Collegian Article, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Ur Collegian Article, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention – UR Collegian Article
No abstract provided.
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Posters
Posters created by University of Richmond student participants for the Feminist Flash Mob Intervention on March 4, 2020.
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Posters
Posters created by University of Richmond student participants for the Feminist Flash Mob Intervention on March 4, 2020.
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Posters, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Posters
Posters created by University of Richmond student participants for the Feminist Flash Mob Intervention on March 4, 2020.
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Handout, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Feminist Flash Mob Intervention - Handout, Patricia Herrera, Mariela Méndez
Intervention Handout
To launch Women’s History Month, a series of feminist flash mob interventions took place at the University of Richmond on Wednesday, March 4, 2020 organized by professors Patricia Herrera and Mariela Méndez who team-taught the bilingual course "Gender, Race, and Performance Across the Americas." These flash mobs were inspired by “Un violador en tu camino,” a performance based protest against gender violence created by the Chilean feminist collective Lastesis. “A Rapist in Your Path” was first staged in Valparaíso, Chile, in, 2019. Soon after, it went viral, and has been performed by women all over the world.
Students from six …
Zeroing In On Heroes: Adolescents’ Perceptions Of Hero Features And Functions, Elaine L. Kinsella, Alison English, Jennifer Mcmahon
Zeroing In On Heroes: Adolescents’ Perceptions Of Hero Features And Functions, Elaine L. Kinsella, Alison English, Jennifer Mcmahon
Heroism Science
Recent research has revealed that having a personal hero can offer psychological resources to adults, particularly during challenging times. Yet we know little about the role that heroes play in the lives of adolescents – a period of human development when challenges are plentiful, and adolescents are increasingly open to the influence of others outside the family unit. In the present study, adolescent perspectives were sought on types and characteristics of heroes, and the psychological and social functions provided by heroes for young people. Four focus groups were conducted with adolescents (N = 22) aged 15 to 17 years at …
Ethical Concerns Of Heroism Training, Brian R. Riches, Matt Langdon, Ari Kohen
Ethical Concerns Of Heroism Training, Brian R. Riches, Matt Langdon, Ari Kohen
Heroism Science
Heroism training programs originated in the mid-2000s with the goal to “Train everyday heroes” (Heroic Imagination Project, 2017). Most participants of these programs are students between the ages of 10 and 20. Anecdotal and empirical evidence suggests that these programs may create more courageous and prosocial people (Heiner, 2018; Kohen & Sólo, 2019), however there is very little discussion in the emerging academic field of heroism science about the potential ethical concerns of training minors to be heroes (Beggan, 2019; Franco & Zimbardo, 2016; Franco et al., 2017). Heroic action is inherently risky, and while training programs currently discuss mortality …