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Articles 121 - 135 of 135
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Effect Of Early Hearing Loss On Bobwhites’ Responses To Pure Tones: A Possible Animal Model Of Prelingual Deafness, Bethany Leanne Magee
The Effect Of Early Hearing Loss On Bobwhites’ Responses To Pure Tones: A Possible Animal Model Of Prelingual Deafness, Bethany Leanne Magee
Dissertations, 2014-2019
This study aimed to look at the behavioral responses of Bobwhite quail to pure tone stimuli by measuring peep suppression. We also considered if a duration of early hearing loss would affect Bobwhite’s responsiveness to the tones. Bobwhites were tested individually at all different ages post hatch day. The pure tones were presented at several different intensity levels and peep suppression was calculated as a measure of responsiveness to the stimuli. Mock trials were conducted as a measure of control to determine the birds’ typical peep rate. Some of the Bobwhite quail were injected with gentamicin 0-1 post-hatch day in …
A Comparison Of Vibrotactile And Air Puff Stimulation For Inducing Swallowing, Kathryn Diane White
A Comparison Of Vibrotactile And Air Puff Stimulation For Inducing Swallowing, Kathryn Diane White
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two types of non-invasive, sensory stimulation on increasing the rate of swallowing and for inducing cortical activity associated with swallowing. The types of stimulation investigated were vibrotactile stimulation to the external throat area surrounding the laryngeal tissues and oral air puff stimulation to the anterior faucial pillars. A functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system measured relative changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) in cortical sensorimotor regions as an indirect measure of brain activity. The experiment included 16 healthy adult participants between the ages of 28 and 60 …
Normal And Mutant Murine Auditory Brainstem Responses (Abrs), Kristin Shearer
Normal And Mutant Murine Auditory Brainstem Responses (Abrs), Kristin Shearer
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Spatial organization and topographic maps begin in the periphery and are preserved throughout the central auditory system. The Eph and ephrin family of signaling proteins is involved in the patterning and arrangement of auditory afferents which code information about frequency, intensity, and time. The present study utilizes the ABR as a physiological measure of the electrical potentials occurring in the brainstem following acoustic stimulation. We recorded this measure following click and tone pip stimulation in ephrin-B3 and EphA4 deficient mice at 2-3 months of age and compared them to wild type controls. Significant findings included elevated auditory thresholds, prolonged latency …
Do Different Methods Of Hearing Aid Information Delivery Influence Knowledge Acquisition?, Lindsey Ann Parr
Do Different Methods Of Hearing Aid Information Delivery Influence Knowledge Acquisition?, Lindsey Ann Parr
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The main purposes of this study were to examine whether or not there was a difference in knowledge acquisition as a function of training method (these included: face-to-face session, DVD, and pamphlet); to determine which information included in hearing aid orientation was commonly known prior to training and which showed the most learning after training; and to evaluate which training method is the most popular among participants. A sample of 65 young college students with no prior hearing aid experience completed a pre- and post-multiple-choice test of hearing aid knowledge and gave their opinion of the hearing aid orientation immediately …
The Effects Of Age On The Mismatch Negativity Response To Differences In Place Of Articulation, Meredith Robotti
The Effects Of Age On The Mismatch Negativity Response To Differences In Place Of Articulation, Meredith Robotti
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The Mismatch negativity (MMN) response measures the auditory system’s response to change in stimulus. This measurement can be used to identify if the auditory system can physiologically discriminate two speech sounds. To date, studies that have recorded MMNs in response to differing place of articulation show conflicting data. One possibility for the conflicting results is due to the lack of carefully controlled stimuli. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in amplitude and latency between adult and infant MMN responses when manipulating place of articulation for speech. Additionally, this study sought to determine if all adults showed …
Perceived Occlusion And Comfort In Receiver-In-The-Ear Hearing Aids, Sara A. Conrad
Perceived Occlusion And Comfort In Receiver-In-The-Ear Hearing Aids, Sara A. Conrad
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Purpose: In this study participants rated self-perceived occlusion and physical comfort for receiver-in-the-ear (RITE) hearing aids with different sizes of standard domes. Perceived occlusion was rated across listening and own voice conditions. Method: Twenty-one older adults with hearing impairment were fitted with bilateral RITE hearing aids and tested with three dome size conditions: open, plus, and power domes, and one control condition: the participants' own aids. Participants ranked self-perceived occlusion across the dome size conditions as well as across listening and own voice conditions, and also ranked level of physical comfort across dome sizes. Results: Self-perceived occlusion increased as dome …
Headturn Preference Of 10-Month Infants For Familiar And Unfamiliar Signs, Steven Thomas Kulsar
Headturn Preference Of 10-Month Infants For Familiar And Unfamiliar Signs, Steven Thomas Kulsar
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Most deaf babies born in the United States are born into hearing families and show a developmental lag in spoken language acquisition, reading, writing, and social development when compared to deaf babies of deaf parents or hearing babies of hearing parents, due to limited language access. A modified headturn paradigm has been devised to assess infant preference to various familiar and unfamiliar ASL stimuli, to determine parallels between auditory-spoken and visual-spatial languages. If visual perception of first signs parallels auditory perception of first words, we would expect infants exposed to ASL as their native language to show a preference for …
Investigating Motor Training In People Who Stutter Using Fnirs, Kristen Michelle Johnson
Investigating Motor Training In People Who Stutter Using Fnirs, Kristen Michelle Johnson
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
This pilot study investigated motor learning and neuroplasticity in persons who do and do not stutter before and after participation in a phonation onset training protocol. Outcomes included phonation onset time and percent change in oxygenation level of hemoglobin using fNIRS in prescribed brain areas as a result of training. The authors hypothesized that people who stutter (PWS) would 1) exhibit a breakdown in auditory perception to motor production interactions, 2) demonstrate a difference in the way in which they perceive and learn motor information compared to someone who does not stutter (nPWS), and 3) exhibit reduced brain activity correlations …
An Exploration Of Swallowing Stimulation In The Infant, Sarah Elizabeth Hegyi
An Exploration Of Swallowing Stimulation In The Infant, Sarah Elizabeth Hegyi
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The purpose of this study was twofold: to determine the effects of two types of non-invasive, peripheral sensory stimulation on the frequency of infant swallowing and to explore the cortical activation patterns in response to stimulation in the somatosensory and motor regions of the brain during infancy, between 2-4 months and 7-9 months of age. The two different forms of mechanical stimulation investigated include pacifier stimulation to the lips and oral cavity and vibrotactile stimulation via the external throat area to the laryngeal tissues. The study represents a prospective, repeated experimental research design. Investigators utilized an accelerometer and an inductive …
The Effect Of Kalman Weighted Filtering And In-Situ Pre-Amplification On The Accuracy And Efficiency Of Abr Threshold Estimation, Julie Kathleen Wheeler
The Effect Of Kalman Weighted Filtering And In-Situ Pre-Amplification On The Accuracy And Efficiency Of Abr Threshold Estimation, Julie Kathleen Wheeler
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) are important for acquiring frequency specific information for determination of the degree and type of hearing loss for infants and difficult-to-test populations when behavioral audiometry cannot be carried out. This study investigated the effects of Kalman weighted filtering and in-situ pre-amplification employed by the Vivosonic Integrity V500 ABR system on threshold accuracy and efficiency in an environment of high physiologic noise in comparison to a conventional ABR system which employs a standard artifact rejection paradigm. Auditory brainstem responses were collected using the Vivosonic ABR system and a conventional ABR system both in quiet and in noise …
Comparison Of Speech Intelligibility Over The Telephone Using A Hearing Aid Micorphone And Telecoil, Phillip K. Bond
Comparison Of Speech Intelligibility Over The Telephone Using A Hearing Aid Micorphone And Telecoil, Phillip K. Bond
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The purpose of the current study is to determine if the smaller, modern hearing aid has affected the speech intelligibility over the telephone using a telecoil and hearing aid microphone. Six hearing impaired listeners were situated in a quiet office and were asked to repeat aloud Connected Speech Sentences (CST) they heard through the telephone while wearing their hearing aid in telecoil only mode, microphone only mode, and without their hearing aid. The CST sentences were presented in three different signal-to-noise ratios (Quiet, +10dB, & +5dB) with the recorded speech babble of the CST test. It was discovered that the …
Effect Of Real-Ear Verification On Hearing Aid Benefit, Sarah K. Sporck
Effect Of Real-Ear Verification On Hearing Aid Benefit, Sarah K. Sporck
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Real-ear measurements have been proven to be the most accurate measure of hearing aid verification. However, many audiologists find real-ear to be too time consuming to use consistently. One popular reason for underutilizing real-ear verification is the use of first fitting algorithms provided on manufacturer programming software. However, the predicted fittings provided on the software are not an accurate means of providing what is recommended by popular prescriptive formulas (Hawkins and Cook, 2003; Aarts and Caffee, 2005). The main reason for this discrepancy is that the software does not take into account individual anatomical differences, i.e. ear canal volume and …
Objective And Subjective Evaluation Of Wind Noise Reduction In Digital Hearing Aids, Sheena Kate Jessee
Objective And Subjective Evaluation Of Wind Noise Reduction In Digital Hearing Aids, Sheena Kate Jessee
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Wind noise is problematic for hearing aid users who enjoy outdoor activities. Not only is it annoying, it can create distortion by overloading the microphone and masking signals that hearing aid users desire to hear. Some hearing aid manufacturers offer wind noise reduction in addition to general noise reduction (WNR + NR) for clinicians to manipulate in their software. This study compares objective and subjective measures of wind noise reduction as well as subjective measure of intelligibility obtained using various hearing aid manufacturers and noise reduction settings while HINT sentences were played in the presence of constantly generated wind. Significant …
Effects Of Speech Signal Type And Attention On Acceptable Noise Level In Elderly, Hearing-Impaired Listeners, Jennifer Susan Mundorff
Effects Of Speech Signal Type And Attention On Acceptable Noise Level In Elderly, Hearing-Impaired Listeners, Jennifer Susan Mundorff
Dissertations, 2014-2019
The primary objective of this study was to determine if acceptable noise levels (ANLs) in elderly, hearing-impaired listeners were dependent on speech intelligibility and listener attention levels. Acceptable noise levels (ANLs), expressed in decibels, is defined as the maximum background noise level that is acceptable while listening to and following a story. Connected speech test (CST) sentences were recorded with clear speech, conversational speech and temporally altered, fast-rate speech. Thirty-five, elderly, hearing-impaired individuals (61-97 years, M=75) with symmetrical, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss participated. Most comfortable listening levels (MCL) and background noise level (BNL) measurements were completed for each speech stimulus …
The Co-Development Of Manual And Vocal Activity In Infants, Holly Meadowsweet Koegler
The Co-Development Of Manual And Vocal Activity In Infants, Holly Meadowsweet Koegler
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Manual and vocal actions in humans are coupled throughout the lifespan, from the anticipatory opening of the mouth as the hand moves to meet it in natal development to the more sophisticated co-expressive gesture of the proficient communicator (Iverson & Thelen, 1999). By adulthood, the systems supporting both speech and manual actions of gesture are so wholly integrated that the expression of both actions together is seamless and effortless (Gentilucci & Nicoladis, 2008). Both systems, though controlled by different muscles moving different articulators, exhibit parallels in their development and organization (Meier & Willerman, 1995). The manual control supporting gesture emerges …