Political Science Commons^™

Corporate At-Tax On Africa: What African States Can Learn From The Oecd's Regime For Combatting Aggressive Tax Practices, Marilyn S. Onukwugha

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Aggressive tax practices are significantly detrimental to developing countries in Africa not just to their economies or the strengths of their legal frameworks, but also to the organizational structures needed for the operation of society and good quality of life in these countries. However, it is possible to reduce and reverse the detrimental effects of aggressive tax practices by employing an effective regime that tackles the issue. This article evaluates whether the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), successfully combats aggressive tax practices carried out by multinational enterprises (MNEs) and how the African Union may learn from the OECD's …

Plastic Waste In Africa, Extending The Problem And Ideas For Solutions, Shawgei Salah Ahmed Ismaeil

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Plastic waste has become a very complicated problem to solve, due to legal, environmental and international complexities that arise when dealing with issues related to compacting the harmful effect on health and environment, in Africa the problem is hard to solve, because there is no effective legislation and laws applied to oblige beneficiaries of production to recycle a fixed percentage of the total production of plastics, to reduce the impacts on marine life and wildlife. This paper draws attention to the alarming figures on the amount of plastic produced and the impact on the environment, in order to raise awareness …

Hurdle Negative Binomial Model For Motor Vehicle Crash Injuries In Namibia, Ndilimeke Shiyuka

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

The study was based on a quantitative research for all road crash injuries recorded from 2011-2016 secondary data, with number of injured persons per crash as the dependent variable. The Hurdle Negative Binomial two-way model looked at crashes with injuries=0 (Ordinary Ratio (OR)), and those with injuries >0 (Relative Ratio (RR)): crash type with vehicle to vehicle (OR=0.5), Cause of crash with driver behaviour (OR=0.1), and Time of crash with peak time (OR=0.3); Months of crashes with holiday month (RR=0.2) Day of crash with Weekend (RR =0.1) Region with Northern regions (RR= 0.3), Type of crash with vehicle by vehicle …

Impact Of Infrastructure On Trade: An Empirical Assessment By The Gravity Model In Ecowas, Kossi Edem Baita

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Increased trade is seen as one of the channels that can boost economic growth in ECOWAS. However, we are witnessing a relative decline in intra-ECOWAS trade. This relative weakness in intra-African trade is said to be due to trade barriers and obstacles, like the quality of infrastructure and transportation costs. In this paper, research is made into understanding the impact of infrastructure quality on trade in ECOWAS countries by referring to the gravity model. Estimates show that bilateral trade increases as the quality of infrastructure improves. Also, the results show that the value of bilateral trade increases with the size …

Education And Peaceful Coexistence Among Urban Refugee Children, Brenda Aleesi

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Education is a salient aspect of the peaceful coexistence of any society that cannot be ignored. This paper examines the role of education in aiding the peaceful coexistence of urban refugees in Uganda. Uganda continues to host refugees fleeing conflict, war and instability from countries in the Great Lakes region and the Horn of Africa. Refugees are given basic assistance in rural settlements. Urban refugees who choose to live in the urban areas amongst the host community do not receive basic assistance except a few on the urban caseload (with security and health problems). The information is drawn from qualitative …

Combating The Effects Of War Remnants In Africa: A Case Of Landmines In Zimbabwe, Fradreck Jockonia Mujuru

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

The war remnants especially landmines from the Zimbabwe Liberation struggle that ended in 1980 is killing, maiming and haunting the people and animals. With these landmines, the security of the people is at risk in seven major areas: Mukumbura, Musengezi, Mazowe, Sheba forest, Rusitu, Sango and Lusuku. Zimbabwe is said to be heavily contaminated with landmines. Though the demining missions with five different organisations have kick-started their operations, minute progress has been made. Landmines are destroying the lives of people and animals creating societies unsafe for development. Zimbabwe needs to engage in accelerated demining actions. Furthermore, she needs to correct …

Effects Of The Public Procurement And Disposal Act Of 2015 On The Financial Management Of Thes State Corporations In Kenya: A Case Study Of Agriculture And Food Authority, Andayi George Manasse

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

The objectives of the study was to find out the effects of Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act, 2015 (PPADA) on financial management in Kenya's State Corporations, a case study of the Agricultural and Food Authority (AFA). The specific objectives were: cost of goods and services procured transparency in the procurement processes, lead-time of procured goods, quality of goods procured affects the financial management of Agricultural and Food Authority. A descriptive study design was adopted for this study. Stratified sampling was employed in the study to pick out the management and other staff at AFA countrywide offices where a total …

Women Socioeconomic Status: The Repercussion Of Illiteracy, Case Study: Charlotte, Sierra Leone, Anthonette Quayee

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Illiteracy has affected women in Sierra Leone, by limiting their abilities to participate in governmental, domestic, and economic activities. As a result of the limited opportunities, women are faced with various challenges that impact their social livelihood. For example, women are deprived from making decisions in their homes because of low educational status. Sierra Leone has an adult literacy rate of 43.21%. The male literacy rate is 51.65% and the female literacy rate is 34.85%, creating a huge gap between both sexes (UNESCO, 2018). The impacts of illiteracy also affect youngsters, as early marriage takes the trend, and literacy programs …

Clash Of Interests? Conflicting Perspectives Of The State And Border Communities On Smuggling In Nigeria, Akhigbe Allwell O.

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Smuggling has been a signature of African borders. The study takes a critical look at the issue of smuggling in the Imeko border community of Nigeria that is situated at the Benin border. It examines the perspectives of the state and the border communities and uses the Onion method of Conflict Analysis to determine the actual needs of both parties and how they could be met. While the government sees it as a crime that robs the state of its much-needed resources, the border communities consider smuggling to be legitimate trade relations with their kinsmen across the border as a …

The Consumption Gaps Between The Poor And The Non-Poor Households In Malawi: A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis, Endington Wa Kavuli

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

So far, most of the literature for example, Bokosi (2006), Mukherjee and Benson (2003) etc. has focused on determinants of poverty but they have ignored the fact that consumption differences exist between the poor and the non-poor population in the society. This study therefore, is set out to investigate the poor and the non- poor welfare inequalities in Malawi based on fourth Integrated Household Survey. It has been found that socio-economic and demographic factors do influence household consumption in both the poor and the non- poor. In addition, the B-O decomposition has helped in identifying the differences in the per …

Market Efficiency Theory In African Markets, Boubacar Amadou

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

African financial markets accommodate fewer international investors due to several reasons including its weak status in the market efficiency hypothesis. Studies have confirmed this along the years; however, the slow but steady evolution in these markets can also be noticed. This study covers eight (8) African financial markets and tests them under weak form in the market's efficiency forms. This form has been divided into three (3) categories based on the random walk concept (RW3, RW2 and RW1). Results show that only two (2) markets – Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) and Uganda Stock Exchange (USE) – were able to meet …

The Expensive Commodity Of Education In Africa Versus Customer Experience, Mboungou Mouyabi Seke

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Moving into the time of the customer, the landscape of education has changed globally, including its model of leading business. The observation through the crystal of market-exchange in Africa shows students as customers and universities as service providers. For the reason that a business cannot exist without its customers, and higher education institutions are concentrating on the best way to win new business through multiple channels, customer experience arises to create value. It is within this context that this paper looks at higher education as an expensive commodity in Africa versus Customer eXperience. It also raises issues for talk and …

Decoupling Neoliberal Ideologies With American Governance And Civics, Henry J. Deluca

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Lasting neoliberal ideologies that emerged from the Reagan era have set a precedent for how American society is to understand itself in relation to American governance and economics. At its core, neoliberalism is rooted in the belief of free markets, laissez-faire economics, and federal deregulation. Using moral egoism as its grounding normative ethic and federal deregulation as its means of achieving its goal, this economic approach fails to account for our governments ability to protect the well being and needs of citizens. Furthermore, neoliberalism completely disregards the need for ecological health and stagnates our ability to mitigate the effects of …

States Of Discontent: State Crises, Party System Change, And Inclusion In South America, Samuel Handlin

Political Science Faculty Works

Latin America’s recent inclusionary turn centers on changing relationships between the popular sectors and the state. Yet the new inclusion unfolds in a region in which most states are weak and prone to severe pathologies, such as corruption, inefficiency, and particularism. The first part of the chapter outlines an argument, developed at more length elsewhere, regarding how “state crises” helped drive the consolidation of three distinct party system trajectories among the eight South American countries where the Left would eventually win power. The second part of the chapter argues that these trajectories differed in three ways that likely conditioned how …

Bio-Spatial Policing In Theory And Practice: Examining Impacts And Resistance Through Mobilities And Children's Everyday Life, Emily Kaufman

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

Despite decades of reforms and technological innovations, increasing evidence shows that state securitization disproportionately harms already racially, spatially, and socio-economically marginalized communities. My research investigates uneven impacts of state securitization, from punitive welfare programs to school surveillance to policing. Across sites, I focus on scales, voices and the everyday lived experiences often left out of scholarly discourse and sensational media. In the current climate of growing awareness and scholarship on police violence, my dissertation addresses three less-studied areas: 1) the interplay between racial, gendered, spatial, and technified police practices; 2) how these practices impact the everyday lives of those racially …

Does China Engage In Debt-Trap Diplomacy?, Shalendra Sharma, Xiangge Lin

Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Arts And Culture Data Brief: 2021 Los Angeles Public Opinion Survey, Thomas And Dorothy Leavey Center For The Study Of Los Angeles

StudyLA Data Briefs

ABOUT THIS STUDY

The 2021 Los Angeles Public Opinion Survey conducted by StudyLA involved 20-minute telephone sessions and online and face-to-face surveys with 2,003 adults (845 phone, 911 online, and 247 face-to-face) living in Los Angeles County. The survey was conducted in English, Spanish, Mandarin, and Korean from January 4th to February 15th, and respondents were asked a range of questions about quality-of-life perceptions and various civic issues. The margin of error is ±3.0% for the entire sample.

ABOUT THIS REPORT

The following report presents responses pertaining to all substantive questions about arts and culture. Survey results are presented in …

Race Relations Data Brief: 2017-2021 Los Angeles Public Opinion Survey, Thomas And Dorothy Leavey Center For The Study Of Los Angeles.

StudyLA Data Briefs

ABOUT THIS STUDY

The 2021 Los Angeles Public Opinion Survey conducted by StudyLA involved 20-minute telephone sessions and online and face-to-face surveys with 2,003 adults (845 phone, 911 online, and 247 face-to-face) living in Los Angeles County. The survey was conducted in English, Spanish, Mandarin, and Korean from January 4th to February 15th, and respondents were asked a range of questions about quality-of-life perceptions and various civic issues. The margin of error is ±3.0% for the entire sample.

ABOUT THIS REPORT

Survey results are reported in two sections: (1) questions related to race and racial disparities, where questions are crossed …

การแก้ไขปัญหาโจรสลัดในช่องแคบมะละกา: สิงคโปร์กับรัฐที่อยู่นอกกรอบอนุสัญญาระหว่างประเทศว่าด้วยการปราบปรามการกระทำที่ผิดกฎหมายต่อความปลอดภัยของการเดินเรือ ค.ศ. 1988, ภูภัฎ โรจน์ตระกูล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการดำเนินการและความร่วมมือในการจัดการปัญหาโจรสลัดและการปล้นเรือของสิงคโปร์ร่วมกับรัฐชายฝั่งในช่องแคบมะละกา จากการศึกษาด้วยการวิเคราะห์เอกสารและใช้กรอบแนวคิดเกี่ยวกับระบอบระหว่างประเทศในฐานะที่เป็นจุดประสานความร่วมมือเพื่อบรรลุเป้าหมาย ถึงผลประโยชน์ร่วมกันของรัฐ และงานวิจัยได้ข้อค้นพบดังนี้ ประการที่หนึ่ง ปัญหาโจรสลัดเป็นปัญหาที่ประเทศใดประเทศหนึ่งไม่อาจแก้ไขให้สำเร็จได้ถ้าหากไม่ได้รับความร่วมมือจากประเทศอื่น ๆ เพราะโจรสลัดและการปล้นเรือใช้ทะเลที่เป็นน่านน้ำระหว่างประเทศเป็นเส้นทางปฏิบัติการต่อเป้าหมาย ระบอบระหว่างประเทศที่เรียกว่า อนุสัญญาระหว่างประเทศว่าด้วยการปราบปรามการกระทำที่ผิดกฎหมายต่อความปลอดภัยของการเดินเรือ ค.ศ. 1988 (SUA Convention) จึงได้จัดตั้งขึ้นมาเพื่อวางกรอบประสานความร่วมมือระหว่างประเทศสำหรับแก้ไขปัญหาดังกล่าว และประการที่สอง ประเทศที่ตั้งอยู่ในช่องแคบมะละกา มีเพียงสิงคโปร์ที่เป็นภาคีอนุสัญญาฯ ในขณะที่อินโดนีเซีย มาเลเซีย และไทย มิได้เข้าร่วมเป็นสมาชิกของระบอบระหว่างประเทศดังกล่าว เพราะกังวลว่าอาจกระทบต่ออธิปไตยและอัตตาณัติในการดำเนินนโยบายของตน แต่สิงคโปร์สามารถประสานความร่วมมือกับรัฐชายฝั่งเหล่านี้ได้ ในรูปแบบข้อตกลงระดับทวิภาคี และระหว่างหน่วยงานฝ่ายปฏิบัติของสิงคโปร์กับของรัฐชายฝั่งแต่ละประเทศ ประการที่สาม แม้ระบอบระหว่างประเทศจะไม่ได้มีผลบังคับต่อประเทศที่มิได้เป็นสมาชิก แต่ประเทศที่เป็นสมาชิกสามารถปรับหลักการ บรรทัดฐาน และมาตรการดำเนินการหลายอย่างที่ระบอบระหว่างประเทศวางไว้เป็นกรอบอันเป็นที่ยอมรับในระดับนานาชาติ มาเป็นแนวทางประสานความร่วมมือกับประเทศที่มิได้เป็นสมาชิก ดังเช่นที่สิงคโปร์สามารถประสานความร่วมมือเพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาดังกล่าว

Components Of War: How Combat Shapes Political Behavior, Travis W. Endicott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

After military service is over, veterans are left to try to acclimate to their new lives. They take the lessons learned through their military career and they apply it to their daily life. One area of veteran life that remains understudied is the way that military service, combat experience specifically, alters political attitudes and behavior. The main focus of this dissertation is to understand the way that military combat alters political attitudes among military veterans. Instead of analyzing military veterans as one homogenous group, I separate veterans by combat experience. Building from the military psychology literature on combat trauma, I …