Physical Therapy Commons^™

An Objective Measure For The Assessment And Management Of Fluid Shifts In Acute Major Burns, Pippa Kenworthy, Michael Phillips, Tiffany L. Grisbrook, William Gibson, Fiona M. Wood, Dale W. Edgar

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Major burns are life threatening. Fluid resuscitation is required for survival to maintain intravascular volumes and prevent hypovolemic shock. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been recognised as a potential method of monitoring fluid shifts after burn and in other disease states. The aims of this study were to examine the reliability of BIS across different dressing conditions and electrode positions, establish the influence of Acticoat™ on BIS variable measures and determine the validity of whole-body BIS to assess net fluid shift in the presence of moderate to major burns.

Methods: An observational longitudinal cohort study was conducted from December 2014 …

Evaluation Of Older People's Knowledge, Awareness, Motivation And Perceptions About Falls And Falls Prevention In Residential Aged Care Homes: A Tale Of Two Cities, Jacqueline Francis-Coad, Tessa Watts, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Gerwyn Panes, Howard Griffiths, Michelle Anderson, Tracy Williams, Beth Griffiths, Debbie Nobre, Anne-Marie Hill

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Falls prevention strategies can only be effective in reducing falls amongst older people if they are adopted and enacted in their daily lives. There is limited evidence identifying what older people in residential aged care (RAC) homes understand about falls and falls prevention, or what may limit or enable their adoption of strategies. This study was conducted in two countries and explored older people’s knowledge and awareness of falls and their preferences, opportunities and motivation to undertake falls prevention strategies. A cross-sectional survey was administered to participants (N = 70) aged 65 years and over, living in six RAC homes …

Impact Of Tailored Falls Prevention Education For Older Adults At Hospital Discharge On Engagement In Falls Prevention Strategies Postdischarge: Protocol For A Process Evaluation, Chiara Naseri, Steven M. Mcphail, Julie Netto, Terrence P. Haines, Meg E. Morris, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Leon Flicker, Den-Ching A. Lee, Jacqueline Francis-Coad, Anne-Marie Hill

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: Older adults recently discharged from hospital have greater incidence of adverse events, functional decline, falls and subsequent readmission. Providing education to hospitalised patients on how to prevent falls at home could reduce postdischarge falls. There has been limited research investigating how older adults respond to tailored falls prevention education provided at hospital discharge. The aim of this study is to evaluate how providing tailored falls prevention education to older patients at the point of, and immediately after hospital discharge in addition to usual care, affects engagement in falls prevention strategies in the 6-months postdischarge period, including their capability and …

Reducing Falls In Older Adults Recently Discharged From Hospital: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Chiara Naseri, Terry P. Haines, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Steven Mcphail, Meg E. Morris, Leon Flicker, Julie Netto, Jacqueline Francis-Coad, Den-Ching A. Lee, Ronald Shorr, Anne-Marie Hill

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Older adults are known to have increased falls rates and functional decline following hospital discharge, with substantial economic healthcare costs. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the evidence for effective falls prevention interventions in older adults recently discharged from hospital.

Methods: Literature searches of six databases of quantitative studies conducted from 1990 to June 2017, reporting falls outcomes of falls prevention interventions for community-dwelling older adults discharged from hospital were included. Study quality was assessed using a standardised JBI critical appraisal tool (MAStARI) and data pooled using Rev-Man Review Manager®

Results: Sixteen studies (total sample size N= 3,290, from …

Investigating Falls In Adults With Intellectual Disability Living In Community Settings And Their Experiences Of Post-Fall Care Services: Protocol For A Prospective Observational Cohort Study, Portia Ho, Caroline Bulsara, Shane Patman, Max Bulsara, Jenny Downs, Anne-Marie Hill

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Falls among older adults with intellectual disability (ID) are recognised as a serious health problem potentially resulting in reduced health-related quality of life and premature placement in residential care. However there are limited studies that have investigated this problem and thus falls rates among older adults with ID remain uncertain. Furthermore, people with ID rely heavily on familial and professional care support to address health problems, such as after having a fall. No studies have explored the post-fall care that people with ID receive.

Method: This research will be carried out in two phases using a convergent mixed methods …

Mental Wellbeing In Non-Ambulant Youth With Neuromuscular Disorders: What Makes The Difference?, Vivienne Travlos, Jenny Downs, Andrew Wilson, Dana Hince, Shane Patman

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

The physical and social challenges associated with neuromuscular disorders may impact mental wellbeing in non-ambulant youth during the more vulnerable period of adolescence. This cross-sectional survey investigated non-ambulant youths’ mental wellbeing and relationships with physical health, participation and social factors. The conceptual model was the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Thirty-seven youth aged 13 – 22 years old (mean age 17.4 years; n = 30 male; n = 24 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) and their parents provided biopsychosocial data through a comprehensive self-report questionnaire. The primary outcome measure was the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Relationships between …

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques For Chronic Pain, Neil E. O'Connell, Louise Marston, Sally Spencer, Lorraine H. Desouza, Benedict M. Wand

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Stimulating the brain without surgery in the management of chronic pain in adults

Bottom line: There is a lack of high-quality evidence to support or refute the effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for chronic pain.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the brain has been used to address a variety of painful conditions. Various devices are available that can electrically stimulate the brain without the need for surgery or any invasive treatment. There are five main treatment types: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in which the brain is stimulated by a coil applied to the scalp, cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) in …

Expert Consensus For Respiratory Physiotherapy Management Of Mechanically Ventilated Adults With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Delphi Study, Lisa Van Der Lee, Anne-Marie Hill, Shane Patman

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Rationale and aims: Patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) are frequently admitted to an intensive care unit. Physiotherapy may be provided to optimize respiratory function; however, there is significant variability in clinical practice and limited research directing best practice for this cohort. This study aimed to determine expert consensus for best physiotherapy practice for invasively ventilated adults with CAP.

Method: A modified Delphi technique involved an international expert panel completing three rounds of an online questionnaire. The initial 35‐statement questionnaire, based on a systematic literature review and survey of current clinical practice, covered physiotherapy assessment and treatment of intubated patients with …

Grip And Muscle Strength Dynamometry In Acute Burn Injury: Evaluation Of An Updated Assessment Protocol, Paul M. Gittings, Dana A. Hince, Benedict M. Wand, Fiona M. Wood, Dale W. Edgar

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

External stabilization is reported to improve reliability of hand held dynamometry, yet this has not been tested in burns. We aimed to assess the reliability of dynamometry using an external system of stabilization in people with moderate burn injury and explore construct validity of strength assessment using dynamometry.

Participants were assessed on muscle and grip strength three times on each side. Assessment occurred three times per week for up to four weeks. Within session reliability was assessed using intraclass correlations calculated for within session data grouped prior to surgery, immediately after surgery and in the sub-acute phase of injury. Minimum …

The Translation, Validity And Reliability Of The German Version Of The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire, Katja Ehrenbrusthoff, Cormac G. Ryan, Christian Gruneberg, Benedict Wand, Denis J. Martin

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) claims to assess disrupted self-perception of the back. The aim of this study was to develop a German version of the Fre-BAQ (FreBAQ-G) and assess its test-retest reliability, its known-groups validity and its convergent validity with another purported measure of back perception.

Methods: The FreBaQ-G was translated following international guidelines for the transcultural adaptation of questionnaires. Thirty-five patients with non-specific CLBP and 48 healthy participants were recruited. Assessor one administered the FreBAQ-G to each patient with CLBP on two separate days to quantify intra-observer reliability. Assessor two administered the FreBaQ-G to each patient …

Is Heavy Eccentric Calf Training Superior To Wait-And-See, Sham Rehabilitation, Traditional Physiotherapy And Other Exercise Interventions For Pain And Function In Mid-Portion Achilles Tendinopathy?, Myles Murphy, Mervyn Travers, William Gibson

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is prevalent amongst athletic and non-athletic populations with pain, stiffness and impaired function typically reported. While different management options exist, loading protocols remain the best available intervention and have been shown to be effective in the management of AT. Trials investigating loading in AT have used a variety of different protocols, and recent narrative reviews suggest that no protocol is superior to another when comparing outcomes in pain and function. However, there has been no systematic review or meta-analysis completed to determine this. Furthermore, the narrative review did not consider wait-and-see or sham interventions, thus …

Trunk Musculoskeletal Response In Maximum Voluntary Exertions: A Combined Measurement-Modeling Investigation, F. Ghezelbash, Z. El Ouaaid, A. Shirazi-Adl, A. Plamondon, N. Arjmand

Études primaires

Maximum voluntary exertion (MVE) tasks quantify trunk strength and maximal muscle electromyography (EMG) activities with both clinical and biomechanical implications. The aims here are to evaluate the performance of an existing trunk musculoskeletal model, estimate maximum muscle stresses and spinal forces, and explore likely differences between males and females in maximum voluntary exertions. We, therefore, measured trunk strength and EMG activities of 19 healthy right-handed subjects (9 females and 10 males) in flexion, extension, lateral and axial directions. MVEs for all subjects were then simulated in a subject-specific trunk musculoskeletal model, and estimated muscle activities were compared with EMGs. Analysis …

Influence Of Muscle Strength On Mobility In Critically Ill Adult Patients On Mechanical Ventilation, Audrey R. Roberson

Theses and Dissertations

Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting are prone to develop muscle weakness and the causes are multi-factorial. Muscle strength in adult, critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation decreases with immobility. The influence of muscle strength on different muscle groups and its influence on progressive mobility in the adult, critically ill patient on mechanical ventilation has not been examined. Identifying muscle strength in this patient population can benefit overall muscle health and minimize muscle deconditioning through a progressive mobility plan. The objective of this dissertation was to describe muscle strength in different muscle groups and to describe the influence …

An Innovative Use Of Technology And Associative Learning To Assess Prone Motor Learning And Design Interventions To Enhance Motor Development In Infants, Tanya Tripathi

Theses and Dissertations

Since the introduction of the American Academy of Pediatrics Back to Sleep Campaign infants have not met the recommendation to “incorporate supervised, awake “prone play” in their infant’s daily routine to support motor development and minimize the risk of plagiocephaly”. Interventions are needed to increase infants’ tolerance for prone position and prone playtime to reduce the risk of plagiocephaly and motor delays. Associative learning is the ability to understand causal relationship between events. Operant conditioning is a form of associative learning that occurs by associating a behavior with positive or negative consequences. Operant conditions has been utilized to encourage behaviors …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation And Psychometric Properties Of The Thai Version Of The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 (Promis-29), Polake Rawang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Abstract Purpose To culturally adapt the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 into Thai (T-PROMIS-29) and evaluate the reliability and validity of the culturally adapted questionnaire. Methods The translation was performed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) translation guidelines. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability at a 1-week interval for the translated measure were computed. Construct validity was evaluated by computing correlations between the T-PROMIS-29 scores and selected SF-36 and Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) scale scores for both convergent and discriminant validity. Results The study sample comprised of 241 participants with chronic low back pain. Internal consistencies were …

Effect Of Individual Height And Testing Methods On Outcome Of The Forward Functional Reach Test, Jill Elaine Heitzman

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: With falls a leading cause of injuries among those over age 65, early recognition of risk is imperative to reduce rising rates. The Forward Functional Reach test (FFRT) (Duncan et al., 1990) is frequently used to identify fall risk, however, the variability in cut values found in the research may be related to height and reach strategies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if FFRT is affected by an individual’s height and if bilateral reach to height ratio could more accurately identify fall risk.

Methods: Sixty-six participants (60 and older) were recruited from a senior center …

Influence Of A Post-­Graduate Physical Therapy Residency Program On Clinical Reasoning, Professional Development, And Career Advancement In Nairobi, Kenya, Shala Cunningham

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Problem Statement

Residency programs that emphasize clinical reasoning and manual therapy can provide a means to optimize the outcomes of physical therapy without the need for or access to expensive equipment. The residency format of continuing education could allow physical therapists in developing countries access to specialty training and ongoing mentorship. However, there are limited studies that investigate the influence of residency training on the progression of clinical reasoning, professional development, and career advancement.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was threefold. The first objective was to describe the outcome of a post-graduate orthopaedic manual therapy residency program on development …

Predictors Of Shoulder Injuries In Female Collegiate Swimmers, Eric Lee Lippincott

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Competitive swimmers frequently injure their shoulders. The risk factors for shoulder injuries in competitive swimmers have not been clearly identified. The primary purposes of this study were to describe the characteristics of female collegiate swimmers at the onset of a swim season, identify the risk factors of shoulder injury in female collegiate swimmers, characterize the swim volume of female collegiate swimmers, and determine if swim volume is a predictor of shoulder injury.

A prospective longitudinal cohort multi-center design was utilized. Female collegiate swimmers [n=53, mean age=19.3+/– 1.2] from four NCAA Division II universities were recruited to participate in this study. …

Use Of A Telerehabilitation Delivery System For Fall Risk Screening, Robert W. Nithman

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Problem: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicates that falls are the “leading cause of injury death and the most common cause of nonfatal injuries and hospital admission for trauma among people ages 65 and older.”1 Falls can have significant economic consequences to the individual and payer sources. To address these consequences, telerehabilitation was hypothesized to be a suitable supplement for fall screening efforts. Several sources concluded that support for synchronous telerehab was underdeveloped in the literature. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the acceptability, feasibility, reliability, and validity of telehealth-delivered fall screening among community-dwelling older …

Impact Of An Exercise Program On Stress, Fatigue, And Quality Of Life For Individuals Living With Primary Immunodeficiency Disease, Kerri Sowers

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: There are over 300 Primary Immunodeficiency diseases (PID) that are a result of a genetic or idiopathic dysfunction of any aspect of the immune system. These conditions result in a higher frequency of infections, autoimmune conditions, or malignancies. Moderate intensity exercise is thought to help the immune system, while high intensity exercise may have a negative impact on immune function. The impact of exercise on individuals with an impaired immune system due to PID is not yet understood. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a low to moderate intensity exercise program would have an effect …