Rehabilitation and Therapy Commons^™

Diagnostic Statistical Manual 5 Changes To The Autism Diagnostic Criteria: A Critical Moment For Occupational Therapists, Rondalyn Varney Whitney, Heather Miller-Kuhaneck

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Changes in the soon to be released Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) – 5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2012) bring new opportunities for occupational therapy, but the profession must prepare for the impact these changes forecast. While well positioned to capitalize on newly defined specifications of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and the elevation of sensory processing difficulties to a core feature of the disorder, the profession must be alert to the potential downside of the pending changes. The more stringent diagnostic rubric will likely exclude a significant number of individuals currently eligible for therapeutic and academic services. Autism will be defined as …

Ot-Pep: Development Of A Professional Education Paradigm For Occupational Therapy, Christine E. Wright

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

This study aims to determine the fundamental tenets that define the occupational therapy education process, and to develop a professional education paradigm that corresponds to those principles. Interpretive phenomenology with Heideggerian hermeneutic philosophy was used to explicate the paradigmatic themes embedded in the occupational therapy body of knowledge. The results yielded the Occupational Therapy Professional Education Paradigm (OT-PEP), which is organized around three core concepts: Adaptive thinking, reflection, and creation of meaning. The OT-PEP is important to occupational therapy because it addresses the elements of the education process that are reflective of the philosophical underpinnings of the profession and brings …

Examining The Sensory Profiles Of At-Risk Youth Participating In A Pre-Employment Program, Chi-Kwan Shea, Robyn Wu

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

The purpose of this study is to use Dunn’s model of sensory processing to investigate the sensory profiles of youth participating in a community-based occupational therapy pre-employment program. The youth participants had been involved in the juvenile justice system and were placed on probation. The study analyzed data from the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) questionnaires (Brown & Dunn, 2002) completed by 79 youth participants. Analysis of the participants’ scores on the AASP showed statistically significant differences from the norm in two quadrants; the delinquent youth scored lower in Sensation Seeking and higher in Sensation Avoiding. The delinquent youth participants demonstrated …

Enhancing Social Skills In Adolescents With High Functioning Autism Using Motor-Based Role-Play Intervention, Sharon A. Gutman, Emily I. Raphael-Greenfield, Neal Carlson, Rachel Friedman, Amanda Iger

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

The purpose of this pilot study was to collect pilot data evaluating whether a motor-based role-play intervention using a canine animal assistant can enhance social skill use in two adolescents with HFA. A single subject ABA design across two participants was used. The intervention consisted of four 1-hour sessions over 4 weeks. The quality of social interaction was measured by the Evaluation of Social Interaction (ESI) administered at baseline and the 3-month probe. Frequency of targeted social skill use was measured during baseline, intervention, and probe phases. Participant 1 experienced statistically significant increases in both ESI scores (p = …

Associations Of Physiological Factors, Age, And Sensory Over-Responsivity With Food Selectivity In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Michelle A. Suarez, Nickola W. Nelson, Amy B. Curtis

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among physiological factors, age, sensory over-responsivity (SOR) and food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

METHODS: One hundred forty-one parents of children with ASD were recruited through a national autism organization, Autism Speaks, to fill out a survey regarding their child’s mealtime behavior. Survey contained items to measure the severity of food selectivity behavior, the presence of physiological factors (i.e., reflux, constipation, food allergies and the need for a specialized diet) and sensory over-responsivity (SOR). Results were analyzed using Chi Square, ANOVA and logistic regression.

RESULTS: No …

Exploring The Depths Of Health Literacy Are We Teaching This And Why Does It Matter?, Susan Toth-Cohen, Phd, Otr/L, Tracey Vause-Earland, Ms, Otr/L

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Background: Why does Health Literacy Matter?

• Healthcare practitioners often work with older persons with low health literacy without realizing that this issues limiting the success of their interventions. They may also lack awareness of the serious impact that low health literacy can have, since it is associated with lower reported health status, increased hospitalizations, and increased morbidity (Levasseur & Carrier, 2011).
• The current US healthcare system places increase demands on consumers to manage their own health (Smith & Gutman, 2011).
• Educators in the health professions must instill a sense of responsibility in future practitioners to understand the important role they …

Activating Healthcare Advocates: A Collaboration Between Npa And The Ihi Open School, Ashlee Goldsmith, Md, Valerie Pracilio, Mph, Cpps

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

Presented at: National Physician's Alliance National Conference in Alexandria Virginia.

AIM

To facilitate opportunities for interdisciplinary learning and aligning the missions of the two organizations, we organized an educational program for current and future healthcare professionals focused on the relationship between quality and cost using the Top 5 lists to promote good stewardship in clinical practice, initially developed by the NPA, as a tool to initiate collaboration.

Extreme Levels Of Noise Constitute A Key Neuromuscular Deficit In The Elderly, Niklas König Ignasiak

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Fluctuations during isometric force production tasks occur due to the inability of musculature to generate purely constant submaximal forces and are considered to be an estimation of neuromuscular noise. The human sensori-motor system regulates complex interactions between multiple afferent and efferent systems, which results in variability during functional task performance. Since muscles are the only active component of the motor system, it therefore seems reasonable that neuromuscular noise plays a key role in governing variability during both standing and walking. Seventy elderly women (including 34 fallers) performed multiple repetitions of isometric force production, quiet standing and walking tasks. No relationship …

Self-Perceptions Of Proximal Stability As Measured By The Functional Movement Screen, Thomas Palmer, Dana Howell, Car L G Mattacola, Kert Viele

Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy Faculty and Staff Research

This mixed method study was designed to investigate self-perceptions before and after experiencing an activity that dynamically and statically challenges proximal stability of the pelvis, spine, and trunk. Twenty-eight, healthy Division II female soccer and volleyball collegiate players (17 soccer, 11 volley-ball) completed a self-reported Tegner activity scale, pretest questionnaire and posttest interview. A self-perceived numeric rating of the athletes’ proximal stability and performance on a functional movement screen (FMS) were recorded. A guided interview was used to examine the self perceptions of proximal stability after the FMS testing session. Differences and correlations between the pretest and posttest ratings of …

Assessing The Psychometric Properties Of Both A Global And A Domain-Specific Perceived Quality Of Life Measure When Used With Youth Who Have Chronic Conditions, Janette Mcdougall, Virginia Wright, Megan Nichols, Linda Miller

Occupational Therapy Publications

The purpose of this paper was to assess the psychometric properties of the Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) and the Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS) when used with youth who have chronic conditions. Baseline data from a longitudinal study examining predictors of changes in perceived quality of life (PQOL) for youth with chronic conditions were used. SLSS and BMSLSS data were collected on over 400 youth aged 11–17 using youth self-report and parent proxy-report versions. Internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure were examined for both versions. Extent of agreement and magnitude of differences between youth and parent …

Proposal For A Clinic Based Model Of Physical Therapist Consultation In A Geriatric Outpatient Clinic, Rania Karim, Patricia A. Higgins, Thomas R. Hornick

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe the role of a certified geriatric physical therapist (PT) in a geriatric outpatient clinic.

Methods: This pilot study used a model in which a geriatric certified doctor of physical therapy (DPT) provided consultations one afternoon a week for patients in the Outpatient Geriatric Clinic at the Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC). Data collection included reason for referral, DPT’s interventions, and clinicians’ and patients’ perceptions.

Results: Over 7 months, the DPT consulted on 25 male patients ranging from 65 to 91 years, with a mean age …

Influence Of Knee Flexion Angle And Age On Triceps Surae Muscle Fatigue During Heel Raises, Kim Hébert-Losier, Anthony G. Schneiders, José A. García, S. John Sullivan, Guy G. Simoneau

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Hébert-Losier, K, Schneiders, AG, García, JA, Sullivan, SJ, and Simoneau, GG. Influence of knee flexion angle and age on triceps surae muscle fatigue during heel raises. J Strength Cond Res 26(11): 3134–3147, 2012—The triceps surae (TS) muscle-tendon unit is 1 of the most commonly injured in elite and recreational athletes, with a high prevalence in middle-aged adults. The performance of maximal numbers of unilateral heel raises is used to assess, train, and rehabilitate TS endurance and conventionally prescribed in 0° knee flexion (KF) for the gastrocnemius and 45° for the soleus (SOL). However, the extent of muscle selectivity conferred through …

Longitudinal Documentation Of Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein And Patient-Reported Outcomes In Collegiate Soccer Athletes Over The Course Of An Athletic Season, Johanna M. Hoch, Carl G. Mattacola, Heather M. Bush, Jennifer M. Medina Mckeon, Timothy E. Hewett, Christian Lattermann

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) is a biomarker for cartilage degradation. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) are used to document postinjury recovery and may be used to prospectively identify changes in the course of a season. It is unknown what effect intense, continuous physical activity has on sCOMP levels and PRO values in athletes over the duration of a soccer season.

HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to longitudinally document sCOMP levels and to determine whether changes in PROs occur in collegiate soccer athletes during a season. The hypotheses tested were that sCOMP levels and PRO scores would remain …

Using Dual Tasks To Test Immediate Transfer Of Training Between Naturalistic Movements: A Proof-Of-Principle Study, Sydney Y. Schaefer, Catherine E. Lang

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Theories of motor learning predict that training a movement reduces the amount of attention needed for its performance (i.e. more automatic). If training one movement transfers, then the amount of attention needed for performing a second movement should also be reduced, as measured under dual task conditions. The purpose of this study was to test whether dual task paradigms are feasible for detecting transfer of training between two naturalistic movements. Immediately following motor training, subjects improved performance of a second untrained movement under both single and dual task conditions. Subjects with no training did not. Improved performance in the untrained …

The Long-Term Impact Of Physical And Emotional Trauma: The Station Nightclub Fire, Jeffrey C. Schneider, Nhi-Ha T. Trinh, Elizabeth Selleck, Felipe Fregni, Sara S. Salles, Colleen M. Ryan, Joel Stein

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Survivors of physical and emotional trauma experience enduring occupational, psychological and quality of life impairments. Examining survivors from a large fire provides a unique opportunity to distinguish the impact of physical and emotional trauma on long-term outcomes. The objective is to detail the multi-dimensional long-term effects of a large fire on its survivor population and assess differences in outcomes between survivors with and without physical injury.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: This is a survey-based cross-sectional study of survivors of The Station fire on February 20, 2003. The relationships between functional outcomes and physical injury were evaluated with multivariate regression models …

Neuromagnetic Activity In The Cerebral Cortex Is Modulated By Locomotor-Like Movements Produced During Pedaling, Sheila M. Schindler-Ivens, Ruth M. Swedler, Brian D. Schmit, Sylvain Baillet

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Engaging Students In Interprofessional Collaboration: A United States-Japan Exchange, Susan Toth-Cohen, Noriyoshi Asai, Susan Wainwright, Miki Sakamoto, Frances Gilman, Kenneth Covelman, Annalisa Synnestvedt

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Overall Purpose of Exchange

Kitasato University and Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson School of Health Professions To promote mutual understanding and friendship, to promote cooperation and progression in the education and research of health sciences at Kitasato University and Thomas Jefferson University

Started in 1992 by Dr. Shirley Greening Chair, Department of Bioscience Technology, TJU and Dr. Takeda former medical director of cytotechnologist program and former pathologist at TJUH developed a relationship for faculty exchange with Dr. Hiroyuki Kuramoto, PhD former chair of the OB-GYN dept. at Kitasato School of Medicine

1997: official exchange agreement for Jefferson and Kitasato University students …

Reconsidering And Re-Conceptualizing Kinesiology, T. G. Johnson

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this article is to delineate a more humanistic view of kinesiology by drawing on the rich, but often overlooked, phenomenology of movement literature (Arnold, 1979; Brown & Payne, 2009; Merleau-Ponty, 1962). Brown and Payne (2009) maintain that "phenomenology is a reaction against...the scientization of [kinesiology] that sees its conceptualization, contextualization, representation, and legitimation primarily as a science" (p. 423). By drawing on the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1962) and Peter Arnold (1979), I argue that kinesiology is not only a scientific discipline charged with creating and disseminating scientifically-based knowledge, but also a field of study that encompasses …

Effective Mentoring In Physical Therapy : Approaches For Residency Training, Anne E. O'Donnell

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate how physical therapy mentors instill clinical judgment and competence during residency training. The researcher investigated effective mentoring behaviors and techniques in physical therapy residency training. SUBJECTS: Participants included physical therapy residency faculty, physical therapy residents currently enrolled in U.S. residency programs credentialed by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), and resident graduates (ie, within the past 2 years) from APTA programs. METHOD: A quantitative survey design was used to gain information about effective mentoring behaviors and techniques of physical therapy residency faculty who foster clinical expertise in physical therapy residents. Two online surveys were …

Physical Therapy News, Volume 2, Issue 1, College Of Health Professions

Physical Therapy News

No abstract provided.