Nursing Midwifery Commons^™

Routine Episiotomies Without Consent, Komal Abdul Rahim, Nasreen Rafiq

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Psychological Distress On The Emerging Cause Of Infertility, Faiza Kausar

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Background: Infertility is a growing issue of the recent era, and it represents significant crises for most couples. Psychological distress has often been suggested as a cause of unexplained infertility. Male infertility accounts for 40% of all infertility problems, while female infertility accounts for 40% of all infertility problems; others are unexplained. Previous studies have indicated that stress and depression negatively impact various infertility parameters in both partners. To determine the relationship between infertility and psychological distress and the level of different types of stress among infertile couples, and to relate the significant stressors responsible for worsening infertility or …

Labor Companionship: A Concept Of Doula Care, Arisha Amin, Rabab Vadivala

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

A labor companion is a person who offers consistent individualized support to laboring women. Doula care is defined as the care which an individual provides of physical, social, and emotional support during pregnancy, labor, birth, and the postnatal period (1). Doulas help women ease their anxiety, and pain and address their concerns with comfort, care, and respect. Doulas help in cherishing a mother and child bonding helps in initiate breastfeeding and provide an emotional bond throughout the birthing time. It helps in reducing cesarean sections, and high-risk pregnancies and minimizes infant and maternal mortalities. The purpose of the study is …

Women’S Barriers To Use Of Midwives During Birth: An Integrative Literature Review, Chelsea Petersen

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

No abstract provided.

Trying To Cover The Sun With Your Thumb: A Critical Ethnography Of Maternity Care Provision In Rural Northern New Mexico, Abigail Reese

Nursing ETDs

Access to maternity care is disappearing for women across rural America. In the state of New Mexico, women often travel long distances to access hospitals and providers that offer childbirth services, as these resources are concentrated primarily in metropolitan areas. Although data on provider distribution is available, very few studies have explored the maternity care access crisis from the perspectives of the midwives and physicians who work in rural areas. The purpose of this critical ethnographic study was to explore barriers and facilitators to the provision of childbirth services from providers’ perspectives with the intent of informing policy debates around …

Trying To Cover The Sun With Your Thumb: A Critical Ethnography Of Maternity Care Provision In Rural Northern New Mexico, Abigail Reese

Shared Knowledge Conference

Access to maternity care is disappearing for women across rural America. In New Mexico, women often travel long distances in order to access hospitals and providers that offer childbirth services, as these resources are primarily concentrated in metropolitan areas. Although data on provider distribution is available, very few studies have explored the maternity care access crisis from the perspectives of the midwives and physicians who work in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to the provision of childbirth services from providers’ perspectives with the intent of informing policy debates around the maintenance of …

Nursing And #Metoo, Nasreen Rafiq, Shyrose Sultan, Afsheen Hirani, Samreen Verasiya, Zainish Hajani, Neelam Rafiq

School of Nursing & Midwifery

The year 2018 revealed a number of sexual harassment stories into public conversation as part of the #MeToo movement. The campaign has relatively spread across all professions and work industries. Today, the society is already hypersensitive towards sexual talks, and the campaigns such as #MeeToo make it even more difficult to overlook these stories; it has challenged the demarcation of important and superfluous accusations which gives rise to various ethical dilemmas. Therefore, the #MeToo movement becomes significant to evaluate both sides of a coin, and assess a situation from various ethical paradigms in order to reach an ethically acceptable solution.

The Intersection Of School Corporal Punishment And Associated Factors: Baseline Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial In Pakistan, Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja, Rozina Karmaliani Professor, Judith Mcfarlane, Rozina Somani, Saleema Gulzar, Tazeen S. Ali, Zahra Shaheen Premani, Esnat D. Chirwa, Rachel Jewkes

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Violence against youth is a global issue; one form of youth victimization is school corporal punishment. We use baseline assessments from a cluster randomized controlled trial to examine the prevalence of school corporal punishment, by gender, and the relationship to levels of peer violence at school, parent corporal punishment, youth food security and youth academic performance and school attendance in Pakistan. Forty homogenous public schools in the urban city of Hyderabad, Pakistan were chosen for randomization into the trial evaluating a youth violence prevention intervention. 1752 6th graders, age 11-14 years, were selected as the target population. Since schools are …

Comparison Of Undergraduate Educational Environment In Medical And Nursing Program Using The Dreem Tool, Salima Farooq, Rehana Rehman, Mehwish Hussain, Jacqueline Maria Dias

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Introduction: Educational environment (EE) in a health educational institute can bring about an enduring impact on the students' motivation, knowledge, critical thinking along with their social life. Therefore, identifying strengths and the need for change in the education environment is vital for the enhancement of the students' learning.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the perceptions of nursing and medical students about their EE in a private university, Karachi Pakistan.
Methodology: Data from two cross-sectional studies of 884 students from both medical and nursing schools of Aga Khan University was acquired and analyzed. EE was measured by …

Maternal Mortality In Non-Hispanic Black Women, Amelia Major

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: The United States has the highest maternal mortality among all developed countries, among these mothers, non-Hispanic black women are three times more likely than women of any other racial group to die from pregnancy-related causes.

Purpose: To investigate racial disparities among pregnant women who die from pregnancy related causes (maternal mortality) and determine possible interventions to improve outcomes.

Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted to analyze peer-reviewed articles published from 2007 to 2018; a computerized search of literature was performed using Cumulative Index to Nursing and Health Literature (CINAHL), Proquest Nursing and Allied Health Sources, …

A Pilot Study Exploring Nursing Knowledge Of Depression And Suicidal Ideation In Kenya, Timothy Muga, Gladys Mbuthia, Samwel Gatimu, Rachel Rossiter

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Nurses play key roles in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and referring persons with mental disorders. This cross-sectional study assessed mental health literacy (depression and suicidal ideation) among nurses in a private urban referral hospital in Kenya. Nurses read a vignette and answered questions regarding diagnosis, treatment/interventions, and related attitudes and beliefs. Thirty-seven nurses (12 males) completed the questionnaire. Three correctly identified the diagnosis and 23 identified depression only. Although 75% noted the symptoms were extremely distressing, fear, and stigma were common reactions. This highlights challenges in mental health promotion/prevention in Kenya, and suggests continuous nursing education and curriculum enhancement is needed.

Health In Surroundings: Application Of The Theory Of Environment In Nursing Practice, Nasreen Rafiq

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Nursing practices are guided by theoretical frameworks which provide functional basis to nursing care. This paper discusses the application of Nightingale’s theory of environment in nursing practices. The theory highlights and explains 13 environmental cannons which include ventilation, cleanliness of walls/rooms, light, noise, personal cleanliness, bed and bedding, and taking food. Florence exquisitely explains the influence of environmental health on patients wellbeing. The application of the theory in nursing practices will help to understand and reflect the direct relation of environment on patients health.

Physicians’ And Nurses’ Perspectives On The Importance Of Advance Directives In Tertiary Care Hospitals, Nasreen Panjwani, Raisa B. Gul, Fauziya Ali, Robyna Irshad Khan

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: This study aimed to explore and identify the nurses’ and physicians’ views about Advance Directives and identified their perspectives on its importance, in the context of Pakistan.
Methodology: Using a purposive sample, six physicians and seven nurses from two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi participated in the study. Data was collected using semi structured interviews that were transcribed verbatim. The interviews were coded and categorized manually. Analysis of the data drew four categories: roles of physicians and nurses in the End of life care, challenges they faced while taking end of life care decisions; their perspectives about Advance Directives, …

Journey Interrupted: A Phenomenological Exploration Of Miscarriage, Marit A. Watson, Vanessa D. Jewell, Sarah L. Smith

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Miscarriage is a significant life event that impacts occupational performance, identity, and competence and that influences perceptions of motherhood. Because of the lack of social rituals often attributed to the death of a loved one, miscarriages may result in disenfranchised grief, which impedes coping.

Methods: This phenomenological study explored the impact of miscarriage on relationships, perceptions of motherhood, and the meaning of occupation in the context of grief. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews (N = 4) and completion of a brief demographic questionnaire. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and reviewed to ensure accuracy. Using inductive thematic …

Dose-Response Of Cotton Dust Exposure With Lung Function Among Textile Workers: Multitex Study In Karachi, Pakistan, Naureen Akber Ali, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Zafar Fatmi, Iqbal Azam Syed

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Cotton dust exposure among textile mill workers lead to impaired lung function. However, only few studies have investigated the dose-response relationship between cotton dust and lung function.
Objective: To determine the dose-response relationship between cotton dust exposure and lung function among textile workers.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2016 and included 303 adult male textile workers from spinning and weaving sections of 5 mills in Karachi, Pakistan. We collected data through a translated version of the American Thoracic Society respiratory questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78A) and using spirometry. Mill-level airborne cotton dust was measured …

Determinants Of Inadequate Provision And Utilization Of Post Abortion Care Services In Pakistan, Marina Baig, Kiran Mubeen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Access to safe abortion services remain a challenge in many low and middle income countries like Pakistan. Evidence suggests that Pakistan shares a huge burden of abortion related morbidities and mortalities. Timely provision of Post Abortion Care (PAC) services could assist in preventing maternal deaths associated with unsafe abortions. However, there are certain socio-cultural, financial and political factors that restricts the provision and utilization of effective PAC services. This paper explores these determinants and suggest recommendations for policy and practice to promote PAC services in Pakistan.

Asian Midwifery In 2018, Rafat Jan, Edwin Van Teijlingen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

No abstract provided.

Relationship Of Family Members’ Support With Practice Of Community Midwives In Rural Sindh, Pakistan, Farida Shah, Farhana Shahid, Jamila Haider, Syfoor Ali, Bibi Ara, Misri Bano

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Background: Pakistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Community Midwives (CMWs) were introduced in 2006 as a new cadre of birth attendants who would bring midwifery services to rural areas by being based in designated communities. The CMWs face many obstacles and retaining them in practice is a challenge. This study aimed to examine whether there was a relationship between family support and CMWs retention in midwifery practice. We hoped to learn about influences on retention that might improve the Maternal Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) programme.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in …

Gender Inequalities And Childbearing: A Qualitative Study Of Two Maternity Units In Nepal, Lesley Milne, Jillian C M Ireland Ms, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Vanora Hundley, Padam P. Simkhada

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

The role and status of women in South Asian countries like Nepal are widely recognised to be lower than that of men. This gender inequality can be found throughout all levels of society. Our study is about the influence of gender on pregnancy and childbirth, which are very much in the female domain in South Asia, both at home and in health facilities.
A mixed-method, qualitative research study was undertaken in two birthing facilities in Kathmandu Valley to examine barriers to women accessing these services from the perspective of hospital staff. Thematic analysis identified seven subthemes related to gender, namely: …

Physical And Psychological Violence Against Married Men In District Dir (Lower), Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan, Hizbullah Khan, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Aamir Abdullah, Shadbehr Shahid

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.