Substance Abuse and Addiction Commons^™

The Influence Of Recreation Engagement On Adolescent Health-Risk Behaviors, Krista Thomas

All Dissertations

The number of adolescents who engage in suicidality is staggering. Adolescence is a unique developmental period where engagement in health-risk behaviors is prominent. Factors influencing engagement in suicidality are vast and occur both internally and externally in the adolescent. Substance use during adolescence has shown an association with increased suicidality. Similarly, bullying, both cyberbullying and in-person bullying, have contributed to adolescent suicidality. Alternatively, recreation engagement has yielded benefits in both psychosocial and physical health for adolescents. However, limited research has identified that engaging in recreation can minimize suicidality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how substance use, …

Comparing Substance Use Outcomes By Sexual Identity Among Women: Differences Using Propensity Score Methods, Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe, Laurie Drabble, Libo Li, Cat Munroe, Amy A. Mericle, Karen F. Trocki, Tonda L. Hughes

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Differences in alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use by sexual identity vary across samples of women recruited using different sampling methods. We used propensity score (PS) weighting methods to address two methodological questions: (1) Do disparities between sexual minority women (SMW) and heterosexual women persist when differences in risk and protective factors are similarly distributed between groups, and (2) Does accounting for SMW-specific resiliency factors impact differences between non-probability samples of SMW? Methods: Four samples included SMW from a longitudinal study with a nonprobability sample (n = 373), a national general population panel sample (n = 373), …

The Effect Of Transfer Of Care Protocol On The Rehospitalization Rates In Psychiatric Patients, Fernando Guillen Msn, Cnp, Pmhnp-Bc

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The problem involved the transition of psychiatric care from long psychiatric hospitalizations to community-based psychiatric treatment which has developed into shorter inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations, which in turn has developed into a significantly higher number of individuals being readmitted within one year of inpatient discharge.

PICOT: In adult patients undergoing inpatient acute psychiatric care (P), how does the use of a transfer of care protocol (I), compared to current transfer of care practice (C), affect the rate of readmission within 30 days for inpatient acute psychiatric care (O), in 10 weeks?

Evidence: The evidence from an extensive literature review …

Evaluating Sbirt In A Behavioral Health Urgent Care, Christina L. Williams

Dissertations

Background: Adolescent substance use (SU) is a major health concern. Most youth who engage in alcohol and other SU do not meet criteria for SU disorder (SUD). Nonetheless, evidence shows SU during adolescence impacts cognitive, social, and emotional development, increases risk of physical injury, and may progress to SUD in adulthood. Only half of clinicians properly screen adolescents for SU; those identified with SUD often receive no intervention. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based intervention to address this problem. The purpose of this project was to evaluate implementation of SBIRT using CRAFFT 2.1+N, a SU …

Prevalence Of Health-Risk Behaviors And Mental Well-Being Of Asean University Students In Covid-19 Pandemic, Hanif Abdul Raman, Areekul Amornsriwatanakul, Khadizah H. Abdul-Mumin, Denny Agustiningsih, Surasak Chaiyasong, Michael Chia, Supat Chupradit, Le Quang Huy, Katiya Ivanovitch, Ma. Henrietta Teresa O. De La Cruz

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

The prevalence of epidemiological health-risk behaviors and mental well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic, stratified by sociodemographic factors in Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) university students, were examined in the research. Data were collected in March–June 2021 via an online survey from 15,366 university students from 17 universities in seven ASEAN countries. Analyzed data comprised results on physical activity, health-related behaviors, mental well-being, and sociodemographic information. A large proportion of university students consumed sugar-sweetened beverages (82.0%; 95%CI: 81.4, 82.6) and snacks/fast food daily (65.2%; 95%CI: 64.4, 66.0). About half (52.2%; 95%CI: 51.4, 53.0) consumed less than the recommended daily …

Respiratory Effects Of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone And Its Analogue Taltirelin On Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression, Marijke H Algera, Joseph F Cotten, Monique Van Velzen, Marieke Niesters, Martijn Boon, Daniel S Shoham, Kaye E Dandrea, Rutger Van Der Schrier, Albert Dahan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of Cannabis Use Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Julia Butt, Mandy Wilson, Jocelyn Jones, Simon Lenton

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

The health effects of cannabis use may not always be seen as a high priority for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. However, the impact of cannabis use on physical and mental health can have significant consequences. It is known that the use of high potency cannabis has increased over the last two decades, with a corresponding increased risk to health. In particular, young people are at increased risk of experiencing harms to mental health. Physical harms to health include effects on the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, an increased risk of cancer, and in-utero effects from maternal use. The review …

Sex Differences In Locomotor Activity And Behavioral Sensitization In Rats Administered Fentanyl, Jessica J. Lee, Nareen Sadik, Cameron Davidson Phd, Majd Yahya, Josie Zdun, Shane Perrine Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Opioid overdoses have continued to increase, and women have experienced a greater rate of increase than males. Preclinical studies demonstrate marked sex differences in addiction-related behaviors, with females being more vulnerable due to a potential role of estradiol. We sought to understand how the estrous cycle, as a proxy measure of estradiol, influences sex differences in the sensitizing effects of fentanyl. In this ongoing study, we used male and female rats to investigate potential sex effects of fentanyl (20µg/kg subcutaneously) administration for 14 days and a forced abstinence period of 13 days on behavioral sensitization via locomotor activity (LMA) following …

Utilizing Primary Care To Engage Patients On Opioids In A Psychological Intervention For Chronic Pain, Sikander Chohan, Lyuba Gavrilova Bs, Leah Hect, Kristi Autio, Erin Tobin, Brian K. Ahmedani, Lisa R. Miller-Matero

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Chronic pain is commonly encountered in primary care. It is often treated with opioids, which can cause overdose and death. Psychological interventions are an effective alternative, yet difficulty engaging patients with opioid prescriptions has led to their underutilization. Offering these interventions in primary care settings may alleviate this barrier.

Objective: Determine whether opioid prescriptions are related to patients engaging in a brief psychological intervention for chronic pain management in primary care.

Study Design: Secondary analysis of a pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT) of a 5-session psychological intervention for chronic pain. Patients with chronic pain (N= 220) were approached to …

Experiences Seeking Meaningful Employment For Individuals With Substance Use Disorder In York County Maine, Tyler Egeland Ba, Mark Richards Bs Bs, Evelyn Ali Bs, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Two focus groups and one interview conducted in November 2021 collected information from a total of six respondents regarding theiremployment experiences in York County as individuals receiving treatment for substance use disorder. The guided discussion coveredtopics related to resources and services for finding employment opportunities, experiences obtaining meaningful employment, andpotential barriers and facilitators to maintaining employment. The interview and focus groups were facilitated and analyzed byexperienced researchers from the Catherine Cutler Institute at the University of Southern Maine. For more information, please contact Lindsey Smith at [email protected]

Nh Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment Program (Dsrip): Key Findings From The Summative Evaluation Report, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Deborah Thayer Mba, Katie Rosingana Ba, Rachel M. Gallo Mph, Catherine Mcguire Bs, Evelyn Ali Mph, Katharine Knight Mph, Chinonye Anumaka, Tyler Egeland Ba, Mark Richards Bs, Karen Pearson Mlis

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment (DSRIP) programs are part of the broader Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Section 1115 Waiver programs and provide states with significant funding to support system transformation efforts. CMS approved New Hampshire’s five-year Building Capacity for Transformation Section 1115(a) Medicaid Demonstration Waiver in 2015. The overall goal of the DSRIP Demonstration is to improve the care for New Hampshire’s Medicaid Beneficiaries with behavioral health disorders by addressing workforce and infrastructure shortages, improving care transitions, and integrating physical and behavioral health. This condensed report highlights key findings from the NH DSRIP summative evaluation report. For …

Summative Evaluation Report By The Independent Evaluator For The New Hampshire Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment (Dsrip) Program, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Deborah Thayer Mba, Katie Rosingano Ba, Rachel M. Gallo Mph, Catherine Mcguire Bs, Evelyn Ali Mph, Katharine Knight Mph, Chinonye Anumaka Od, Mph, Tyler Egelund Ba, Mark Richards Bs, Karen Pearson Mlis, Ma

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Delivery System Reform Incentive Payment (DSRIP) programs are part of the broader Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Section 1115 Waiver programs and provide states with significant funding to support system transformation efforts. CMS approved New Hampshire’s five-year Building Capacity for Transformation Section 1115(a) Medicaid Demonstration Waiver in 2015. The overall goal of the DSRIP Demonstration is to improve the care for New Hampshire’s Medicaid Beneficiaries with behavioral health disorders by addressing workforce and infrastructure shortages, improving care transitions, and integrating physical and behavioral health. This report is the final summative evaluation report on New Hampshire's DSRIP program. For …

2022 Community Needs Assessment Of Klamath County Residential Services And Housing Needs, Karen Cellarius, Aliza Tuttle, Jennifer Blakeslee

Regional Research Institute for Human Services

The PSU Regional Research Institute for Human Services (RRI) was asked by Klamath Basin Behavioral Health (KBBH) and the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) to conduct a community-wide needs assessment focusing on residential services and housing needs for populations that (1) Have behavioral health needs, and (2) Identify with a community experiencing inequities in access to health care resources.

The assessment was conducted in collaboration with KBBH and other community partners. Data sources included key informant interviews, written surveys of individuals impacted by mental health challenges and/or housing needs, and focus groups with representatives from underserved communities in Klamath County, Oregon. …

Data-Driven Analysis Of Drug And Substance Abuse Rates Across The Varying Regions In The United States Of America, Reem Saleh

University Honors Theses

Drugs and substance abuse is one of the leading causes of death for adolescents in the United States. The consequences of using these drugs are profound and can cause both damage to one's physical and psychological health. The rates of drug abuse in the United States continue to increase over the years. This paper analyzes the trends in rates of drug abuse in the four regions in the United States. It looks at the rates in cocaine, cigarettes, marijuana, and tobacco. A preliminary analysis was done to look at the trend in rates followed by an ARIMA time series model …

A Systematic Review Of Substance Use And Substance Use Disorder Research In Kenya, Florence Jaguga, Sarah Kanana Kiburi, Eunice Temet, Julius Barasa, Serah Karanja, Lizz Kinyua, Edith Kamaru Kwobah

Anaesthesiology, East Africa

Objectives: The burden of substance use in Kenya is significant. The objective of this study was to systematically summarize existing literature on substance use in Kenya, identify research gaps, and provide directions for future research.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted in line with the PRISMA guidelines. We conducted a search of 5 bibliographic databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Professionals (CINAHL) and Cochrane Library) from inception until 20 August 2020. In addition, we searched all the volumes of the official journal of the National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol & Drug Abuse …

Social Worker Student’S Anxiety, And Alcohol Consumption During The Covid-19 Pandemic, David Adler

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic has been extremely impactful on a vast majority of the population, either from losing a possible loved one, or the pandemonium that arose in its wake. The purpose of this study is to better understand how much of an impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on social worker students’ mental health, specifically, how it has affected their levels of stress, anxiety, and levels of alcohol consumption. This study is significant because the pandemic has had a substantial impact on the mental health of so many individuals, and it is important to research just how large these effects …

Association Of Alcohol Use And Physical Activity With Body Mass Index In Mexican-Origin Adults, Natalia I Heredia, Qiong Dong, Shine Chang, Lorna H Mcneill

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies across racial/ethnic groups indicate that physical activity (PA) and alcohol consumption are positively associated, and that alcohol consumption is negatively associated with body mass index (BMI), but this relationship is less often evaluated in Hispanics. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between alcohol consumption, PA, and BMI in Hispanic adults.

METHODS: In this secondary data analysis of a Mexican-American cohort, we collected self-reported PA, alcohol consumption, and demographics, and measured height and weight. Linear regression assessed the association between PA and alcohol consumption with BMI, controlling for covariates. Total sample for analyses was n …

Are Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (Trh) And Analog Taltirelin Viable Reversal Agents Of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression?, Marieke Hyke Algera, Joseph F Cotten, Monique Van Velzen, Marieke Niesters, Martijn Boon, Daniel S Shoham, Kaye E Dandrea, Rutger Van Der Schrier, Albert Dahan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is a potentially life-threatening complication of opioid consumption. Apart from naloxone, an opioid antagonist that has various disadvantages, a possible reversal strategy is treatment of OIRD with the hypothalamic hormone and neuromodulator thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). In this review, we performed a search in electronic databases and retrieved 52 papers on the effect of TRH and TRH-analogs on respiration and their efficacy in the reversal of OIRD in awake and anesthetized mammals, including humans. Animal studies show that TRH and its analog taltirelin stimulate breathing via an effect at the preBötzinger complex, an important respiratory rhythm generator …

Implementing Adverse Childhood Experience Screening In An Intensive Outpatient Mental Health Program, Bryan Amaro

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACES) are linked to damaging events which happen to people when we are young (0-18). ACEs are connected to a phenomenon known as the toxic stress response which can later become the root etiology for many mental health, substance abuse and chronic medical health complications our society faces. ACEs affect all populations and do not discriminate across socioeconomic, racial, ethnic, gender, or geographic lines. Roughly two thirds of Americans have experienced at least one ACE. This project seeks to perform ACE screening at an Intensive Outpatient behavioral health center by screening for ACEs upon all admissions into …

The Association Between Loneliness With Increased Mental Health Problems And Substance Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Richmond, Virginia, Angela C. Liu, Connor Cox, Mariam Sankoh, James Clifford, Courtney T. Blondino, Chanel Bea, Chimere Miles, Kim Young, Sherika Gillison-Chew, John Richardson-Lauve, Candice Turner, Elizabeth Prom-Wormley

Virginia Journal of Public Health

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant psychological distress among U.S. adults leading to increased rates of adverse mental health symptoms and substance use. This study aims to evaluate the consistency of the association between loneliness and increased mental health problems and substance use in Richmond, VA during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods. Data were collected in two phases: 1) internet-based surveys from August 2020 to March 2021 (N=327) and 2) paper-pencil surveys from May to October 2021 (N=225). Logistic regression was used to test the association between loneliness and increased mental health and substance use, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and …