Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Engaging Public Health Critical Race Praxis In Local Social Determinants Of Health Research: The Youth Health Equity And Action Research Training Program In Portland, Or—Yheartpdx, Ryan J. Petteway, Lourdes Gonzalez

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

The social determinants of health (SDH) have long been considered a core mechanism through which racial health inequities are (re)produced and incubated in the U.S. Moreover, scholars have expressly—and appropriately—named structural racism as a precursor to inequities associated with SDH. However, while research on racial health inequities—SDH-related or otherwise—continues to grow, communities of color remain grossly underrepresented as public health researchers and practitioners. Additionally, although SDH are experienced in a very local sense, much research and practice fails to more deeply and thoroughly engage and center local community knowledges. Thus, much work around SDH and racial health inequities presents, ironically, …

Comparison Of Unmet Health Care Needs In Children With Intellectual Disability, Autism Spectrum Disorder And Both Disorders Combined, K. Haller, Adrienne Stolfi, John Duby

Medical Education Faculty Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the unmet health care needs of children with intellectual disability (ID) compared with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and whether access to health insurance coverage is a contributing factor. Children with ID may be masked in the health care system due to increased diagnosis and awareness of ASD. The needs, unmet needs and insurance coverage of children with ID alone, ASD alone, and co-occurring ID and ASD were assessed in this study.

Methods: The 2016 to 2019 United States' Census Bureau National Survey of Children's Health was used to determine …

J Mich Dent Assoc July 2022

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Monthly, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and feature articles to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists! In this July 2022 issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover feature on negotiating reimbursement rates with PPO contracts.
• A cover feature on guarding against employee embezzlement.
• A 10-Minute EBD on rampant caries management and prevention with ADHD patients taking stimulant medications.
• A Back Page look at the 2022 MDA award winners.
• News you need: an Editorial, guidance on dental practice cybersecurity, and regular department …

How Does Parents' Social Support Impact Children's Health Practice? Examining A Mediating Role Of Health Knowledge, Paulin Tay Straughan, Chengwei Xu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Background: Many existing studies have found that social support and health knowledge positively affect an individual's health status. However, it is still unclear how parents’ social support and health knowledge influence their children’s obesity. The present study hypothesizes that parents’ health knowledge has a mediating effect on the relationship between social support and children’s health practice regarding weight management. Methods: To test the hypothesis, we conducted a questionnaire survey in Singapore and collected a nationally representative sample of 1488 household responses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) via Stata was used to examine the indirect effects of parents’ social support on children’s …

Association Between Suicide Rate And Human Development Index, Income, And The Political System In 46 Muslim-Majority Countries: An Ecological Study, S. M. Yasir Arafat, Marthoenis Marthoenis, Murad Khan, Mohsen Rezaeian

Brain and Mind Institute

Very little has been researched assessing the relationship between the suicide rate and the ecological perspectives of the country, especially in the Muslim majority countries. We aimed to determine the association between suicide rate and the ecological parameters of 46 Muslim majority countries. We extracted the Muslim majority countries and their suicide rate, income distribution, distribution of the WHO region and continents, and Human Development Index (HDI). We assessed the correlation of the proportion of Muslim populations, the total population of the countries, number of suicides, continent, income group, political system, and HDI score with the suicide rate. The median …

Health Inequities As Measured By The Eq-5d-5l During Covid-19: Results From New York In Healthy And Diseased Persons, Erica I. Lubetkin, Di Long, Juanita A. Haagsma, Mathieu F. Janssen, Gouke J. Bonsel

Publications and Research

Introduction: The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic caused considerable psychological and physical effects in healthy and diseased New Yorkers aside from the effects in those who were infected. We investigated the relationship between known risk-enhancing and health-promoting factors (social and medical), comorbidity indicators, and, as the primary outcome, health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: Between April 22 and May 5, 2020, a market research agency (Dynata) administered a digital survey including the EQ-5D-5L and items related to individual characteristics, social position, occupational and insurance status, living situation, exposures (smoking and COVID-19), detailed chronic conditions, and experienced access to care to …

Solution Focused Brief Therapy And Vicarious Resilience In Bolivian Protective Family Services Workers, Marcos Pérez Lamadrid, Adam S. Froerer

Journal of Solution Focused Practices

Vicarious resilience (VR) is defined as the positive effects caregivers experience within their personal lives, their work lives, and within their worldview as a whole, that come from witnessing the resilience that clients demonstrate in facing their traumatic experiences. This research study is a quasi-experimental pilot study about how solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) influences the vicarious resilience of family protective system (SLIM) workers in Bolivia. The Vicarious Resilience Inventory (VRI) was administered in a pretest/posttest design for an experimental group (applying SFBT) and a control group (training as usual). Both groups experienced an increase in vicarious resilience, but the …

Vaccine Hesitancy And Betrayal Aversion, Abdelaziz Alsharawy, Esha Dwibedi, Jason Aimone, Sheryl Ball

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The determinants of vaccine hesitancy remain complex and context specific. Betrayal aversion occurs when an individual is hesitant to risk being betrayed in an environment involving trust. In this pre-registered vignette experiment, we show that betrayal aversion is not captured by current vaccine hesitancy measures despite representing a significant source of unwillingness to be vaccinated. Our survey instrument was administered to 888 United States residents via Amazon Mechanical Turk in March 2021. We find that over a third of participants have betrayal averse preferences, resulting in an 8-26% decline in vaccine acceptance, depending on the betrayal source. Interestingly, attributing betrayal …

Vaccine Hesitancy And Betrayal Aversion, Abdelaziz Alsharawy, Esha Dwibedi, Jason Aimone, Sheryl Ball

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The determinants of vaccine hesitancy remain complex and context specific. Betrayal aversion occurs when an individual is hesitant to risk being betrayed in an environment involving trust. In this pre-registered vignette experiment, we show that betrayal aversion is not captured by current vaccine hesitancy measures despite representing a significant source of unwillingness to be vaccinated. Our survey instrument was administered to 888 United States residents via Amazon Mechanical Turk in March 2021. We find that over a third of participants have betrayal averse preferences, resulting in an 8-26% decline in vaccine acceptance, depending on the betrayal source. Interestingly, attributing betrayal …

Distress Tolerance: Prospective Associations With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Outcomes In Adults With Posttraumatic Stress And Substance Use Disorders, Anka A Vujanovic, Heather E Webber, Shelby J Mcgrew, Charles E Green, Scott D Lane, Joy M Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Distress tolerance (DT; perceived or actual ability to tolerate aversive physical or emotional states) is related to both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and substance use disorders (SUD). This investigation evaluates self-report and behavioral measures of DT as potential predictors of PTSD and SUD cognitive-behavioral therapy outcomes. Participants included 41 treatment-seeking adults (53.7% women; 73.2% African American; Mage= 44.90, SD = 9.68) who met at least four symptoms of DSM-5 PTSD and DSM-IV substance dependence, assessed via structured interviews. At baseline (pre-treatment), participants completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), Mirror-Tracing Persistence Task (MTPT), Breath Holding task, and Paced Auditory …

Complex And Simple Appendicitis: Restrictive Or Liberal Postoperative Antibiotic Exposure (Casa Relax) Using Desirability Of Outcome Ranking (Door) And Response Adjusted For Duration Of Antibiotic Risk (Radar): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel Dante Yeh, Gabrielle E Hatton, Claudia Pedroza, Gerd Pust, Alejandro Mantero, Nicholas Namias, Lillian S Kao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: After appendectomy for simple or complicated appendicitis, the optimal duration of postoperative antibiotics (postop abx) is unclear and great practice variability exists. We propose to compare restrictive versus liberal postop abx using a hierarchical composite endpoint which includes patient-centered outcomes and accounts for duration of antibiotic exposure.

METHODS/DESIGN: Participants with simple or complicated appendicitis undergoing appendectomy are randomly assigned to either restricted or liberal strategy. Eligible subjects declining randomization will be recruited to enroll in an observation only cohort. The primary endpoint is an ordinal scale of mutually exclusive clinical outcomes with within-category rankings determined by duration of antibiotic …

The Relationship Between The Field-Shifting Phenomenon And Representational Coherence Of Place Cells In Ca1 And Ca3 In A Cue-Altered Environment, Jeremy Miciak, Yusra Ahmed, Phil Capin, David J Francis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Few studies have systematically investigated the reading skill profiles of English Learners (ELs) in late elementary school, a critical developmental period for language and literacy and the most common grades for initial identification with specific learning disabilities (O’Connor et al., 2013). We investigated the reading skill profiles of 331 ELs in 3rd and 4th grades, including ELs with and without risk for dyslexia due to significant deficits in word and pseudo-word reading accuracy and fluency. We utilized latent profile analysis and factor mixture modeling to investigate: (1) the nature and distribution of reading skill profiles; (2) whether these …

Telerounding: A Scoping Review And Implications For Future Healthcare Practice, Natasha N Ludwig, Amanda E Child, Dasal Tenzin Jashar, Allison J Mostow, Ericka L Wodka

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) provides access to interventions that are important for fostering development and improving quality of life. Thus, the timeliness of a diagnosis should not be limited by social-distancing limitations whenever possible. Despite this, clear guidance for transitioning autism diagnostic services to a telehealth model of care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic is lacking. At our Institute, we have adapted our approach to ASD evaluation to promote continued access to evaluation services during this unprecedented time. The purpose of this case series is to provide examples of three different approaches to ASD differential …

Respiratory Effects Of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone And Its Analogue Taltirelin On Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression, Marijke H Algera, Joseph F Cotten, Monique Van Velzen, Marieke Niesters, Martijn Boon, Daniel S Shoham, Kaye E Dandrea, Rutger Van Der Schrier, Albert Dahan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

A Missing Piece Of The Puzzle: Patient And Provider Perspectives On Pain Management Needs And Opioid Prescribing In Inflammatory Bowel Disease Care, Salva N Balbale, Cassandra B Iroz, Willemijn L A Schäfer, Julie K Johnson, Jonah J Stulberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent data have shown high rates of opioid misuse among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. We conducted a qualitative study to explore IBD patient and provider perceptions and experiences with pain management and opioid prescribing.

METHODS: We conducted a focus group with IBD patients and semistructured interviews with IBD-focused physicians and nurses. We used an inductive approach for analysis and the constant comparison method to develop and refine codes and identify prominent themes. We analyzed interview and focus group data concurrently to triangulate themes.

RESULTS: Nine patients and 10 providers participated. We grouped themes into 3 categories: (1) current …

Dose-Related Effects Of Ketamine For Antidepressant-Resistant Symptoms Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans And Active Duty Military: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Multi-Center Clinical Trial, Chadi G Abdallah, John D Roache, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Lynnette A Averill, Stacey Young-Mccaughan, Paulo R Shiroma, Prerana Purohit, Antoinette Brundige, William Murff, Kyung-Heup Ahn, Mohamed A Sherif, Eric J Baltutis, Mohini Ranganathan, Deepak D'Souza, Brenda Martini, Steven M Southwick, Ismene L Petrakis, Rebecca R Burson, Kevin B Guthmiller, Argelio L López-Roca, Karl A Lautenschlager, John P Mccallin, Matthew B Hoch, Alexandar Timchenko, Sergio E Souza, Charles E Bryant, Jim Mintz, Brett T Litz, Douglas E Williamson, Terence M Keane, Alan L Peterson, John H Krystal

Staff and Researcher Publications

This study tested the efficacy of repeated intravenous ketamine doses to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Veterans and service members with PTSD (n = 158) who failed previous antidepressant treatment were randomized to 8 infusions administered twice weekly of intravenous placebo (n = 54), low dose (0.2 mg/kg; n = 53) or standard dose (0.5 mg/kg; n = 51) ketamine. Participants were assessed at baseline, during treatment, and for 4 weeks after their last infusion. Primary analyses used mixed effects models. The primary outcome measure was the self-report PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and secondary outcome …

Influences On The Attachment Style Of Deaf Adults With Hearing Parents, Ellen Schaefer-Salins

JADARA

The current study explored variables that could contribute to the development of a secure or insecure attachment style of 15 deaf adults between the ages of 30 and 50 with hearing parents. There is a paucity of information on the relationship of deaf adults to their hearing parent and how that relationship may influence attachment. For the current study, quantitative methods were used to explore both childhood and adulthood variables, such as type of communication used with parents, type and level of schooling, and current attachment style. Variables also studied include age, gender, race, birth order, marital status, the hearing …

Gender Dysphoria Versus Acute Psychosis: Can One Properly Diagnose Gender Dysphoria Solely During Acute Psychosis?, Kristy A. Fisher, Samantha Scemla, Clara L. Alvarez Villalba, Jessica Kroin

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Gender dysphoria occurs when a discrepancy between one’s sex assigned at birth and one’s gender identity causes distress or impairment in function, which can lead ultimately to seeking treatment in the forms of psychotherapy, hormonal therapy, and/or gender-affirming surgery. Clinical care guidelines also recommend pharmacological treatment of psychiatric comorbidities if indicated. A review of the current literature demonstrates comorbidity between gender dysphoria and psychosis, including cases of gender dysphoria with schizophrenia and the occurrence of gender dysphoria symptoms during manic or psychotic episodes. The existing literature has yet to specifically examine gender dysphoria amongst individuals with schizoaffective disorder. The authors …

Pilot Mental Health Offender Program Improves Participant Outcomes And Lowers Costs In A Large Urban County, Colleen Bell, Mohsin Raza, David Kilcrease, Barbara L. Gracious

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Mass incarceration, particularly of the mentally ill, continues to pervade our criminal justice system. Jails in many areas have become the largest mental health facilities, especially in large urban communities, despite increasing societal recognition that those with mental illness are not best served behind bars. Misdemeanors are an often-overlooked contributor to mass incarceration, and may be preventable for those with chronic severe mental illness.

Methods

This Northeast Florida pilot program, the Mental Health Offenders Program (MHOP), is based on the successful Miami Eleventh Circuit Court Criminal Mental Health Project. MHOP provided pretrial release from custody, through diversion with a …

Care Alert Program In Chronic Recurrent Ed Utilizing Patients, Kaitlyn Phelps, Jonathan Bryan, Jonathan Leggett, Erica Gibbons, Brian Griggs

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The Care Alert program is designed to help navigate encounters with patient populations that are high utilizers of emergency department (ED) resources. These populations often have chronic medical conditions, have a poor understanding of their conditions, are unfamiliar with the EDs’ role in the management of these conditions, and commonly lack outpatient resources. The Care Alert program intends to address the needs of this challenging patient population by designing individualized care plans that are approved through a multidisciplinary committee. Data from this study showed a 37% decrease in ED visits and a 47% decrease in hospitalizations during the initial 8 …