Speech Pathology and Audiology Commons^™

The Effect Of A Single Bout Of Physical Exertion On Expressive Language And Word Finding In Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, Marissa A. Barrera

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

To date, little research has been conducted on the relationship between fatigue and expressive language among Multiple Sclerosis patients (MS). This study was a response to this knowledge gap. A nonrandom, matched- subject, mixed-factor design model was used with a purposive sample of 17 individuals with MS (five had primary-progressive (PP) MS, and 12 had relapsing-remitting (RR) MS). The research design was subjected to pretesting to ensure validity. Participants were assessed on a range of language tasks after undergoing one bout of cardiovascular exercise (NuStep T5 Recumbent Cross Trainer) and asked to provide a subjective fatigue score. The expressive language …

Perceptions Of Nonclinical Competencies As An Organizational Response: Exploring The Influence Of Institutional. Task Environments, Organizational Factors And Interorganizational Relationships On Educators' And Employers' Perceptions Of Nonclinical Competencies In Newly Graduated Speech Pathologists, Paula H. Boaz

Theses and Dissertations

The qualitative comparative case study had as its purpose to explore perceptions of nonclinical competencies as viewed through the lens of organizational theroy, vis-a-vis the perceptions of educators and employers and the environmental pressures placed on them through institutional and task environments, by organizational factors, and through interorganizational relationships. Knowledge and abilitites which are not clinical in nature, yet are essential in professional postitons, are termed nonclinical competencies. The literature on organizational theory and nonclinical competency in speech pathology was reviewed. A conceptual framework was developed from reviews of the related literature and was used as a guide to the …

Combined Aphasia And Apraxia Of Speech Treatment (Caast): Systematic Replications In The Development Of A Novel Treatment, Julie L. Wambaugh, Sandra Wright, Shannon C. Mauszycki, Christina Nessler, Dallin Bailey

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a modified version of a newly developed therapy for aphasia and acquired apraxia of speech (AOS), Combined Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Treatment (CAAST).

Method: Four speakers with chronic AOS and aphasia received CAAST in the context of multiple baseline designs. Dependent variables included language measures (i.e. production of correct information units (CIUs)) and speech production measures (i.e. speech intelligibility and percent correct consonants (PCC) in sentence repetition).

Result: Three of the participants demonstrated improved CIU production with treated picture sets and two also demonstrated generalization to untreated …

Finding The Experts In The Crowd: Validity And Reliability Of Crowdsourced Measures Of Children’S Gradient Speech Contrasts, Daphna Harel, Elaine Hitchcock, Daniel Szeredi, José Ortiz, Tara Mcallister Byun

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Perceptual ratings aggregated across multiple nonexpert listeners can be used to measure covert contrast in child speech. Online crowdsourcing provides access to a large pool of raters, but for practical purposes, researchers may wish to use smaller samples. The ratings obtained from these smaller samples may not maintain the high levels of validity seen in larger samples. This study aims to measure the validity and reliability of crowdsourced continuous ratings of child speech, obtained through Visual Analog Scaling, and to identify ways to improve these measurements. We first assess overall validity and interrater reliability for measurements obtained from a large …

Knowledge And Perception Of Speech-Language Pathologists By Allied Health Personnel In The Acute Care Hospital Setting, Elizabeth E. King

Merge

No abstract provided.

Do Bilingual Speakers Shift Fundamental Frequency Based On Language Acquisition Or Language Dominance?, Nydia Abigail Mendez

ETD Archive

As Spanish-English bilingual speakers continue becoming a growing part of the population in the United States it is essential to investigate their acoustic measures. The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible shift in fundamental frequency (F0) measures in bilingual speakers, and it sought to determine whether that shift was based on language acquisition or language dominance. Eleven Spanish-English bilinguals were asked to complete the following tasks 1) answer the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q) 2) complete 3 Spanish and 3 English category fluency trials by naming words belonging to a category (e.g. animals), each one minute …

Assessment With Children Who Need Augmentative And Alternative Communication (Aac): Clinical Decisions Of Aac Specialists, Shelley Lund, Wendy Quach, Kristy S. E. Weissling, Miechelle L. Mckelvey, Aimee R. Dietz

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore how speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who are augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) specialists approach the assessment process for 2 case studies, 1 child with cerebral palsy and 1 with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: (a) How do clinicians with expertise approach the AAC assessment process for children with developmental disabilities? (b) Can any initial hypothesis be drawn about how SLPs approach the assessment of children with motor versus social interactive deficits?

Method

This study used a phenomenological qualitative design. The researchers conducted 2 …

The Psychosocial Effects Of Aphasia On The Caregiver, Lauren A. Ferrara

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Studies have investigated the physical and emotional wellbeing of family members and spouses who care for persons with stroke (Bakas, et al. 2006). Literature shows burden of care is high in role reversal and depression is frequent. Variables that affect the caregiver burden with persons with aphasia (PWA) have not been identified prior to this study. Results from caregiver interviews found six themes, some which have not been identified prior, such as feelings of optimism.

The Advancement Of Voice Therapy And The Contribution Of Vocal Function Exercises, Sydney Barnett

Lewis Honors College Capstone Collection

The human voice can transmit multiple streams of information about a person including physical, emotional, and social state. Voice disorders can interfere with social relationships, work productivity, and ultimately, impair an individual’s image. Speech-language pathologists have developed several approaches to voice therapy over the past several decades. Vocal function exercises (VFE) are physiological in nature and aim to restore the balance between the three subsystems of vocal production: respiration, phonation, and resonance. With advancing technology and more sophisticated experiments, researchers have shown positive outcomes with VFE regimens in the normal voice population, superior voice population, and disordered voice population. Data …

Recovery From Diffuse Brain Injuries: Two Case Studies., Alejandro E. Brice, Roanne G. Brice

USF St. Petersburg Campus Faculty Publications

Subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) are grave medical emergencies, whereas 30–50% of all SAHs may ultimately result in death. Subarachnoid hemorrhages share many resemblances with other neurological traumas such as a cerebral vascular accident, meningitis, and/or traumatic brain injury. Autoimmune encephalopathies (AE) occur when human antibodies assault the body’s cell surfaces and/or synaptic proteins. Consequently, widespread nervous system and diffuse brain involvement may occur. With subarachnoid hemorrhages and autoimmune encephalopathies, multiple areas of cognition and language can be impaired. Case studies in communication sciences and disorders are underutilized, yet are important in evidenced‐based practice. Speech-language pathologists in medical settings have worked with …

The Effect Of Road Noise On Sound Pressure Levels And Preferred Listening Levels Using Personal Listening Devices, Hayley Himstedt

Doctoral Dissertations

Using a PLD in an automobile introduces unique threats such as volume levels set at higher levels to reduce the masking effects of road noise that enters the automobile. Passengers enjoying prolonged PLD exposure may be at an increased risk of noise exposure or fluctuating sound pressure levels resulting in hearing loss. Historically, hazardous noise has been primarily associated with industrial/occupational activities; however, harmful noise from recreational activities is also prevalent. The Center for Disease Control (2015) lists turning down PLD volume as one of their top three methods for reducing the possibility of NIHL in children. Excessive listening level …

Developing A Revised Performance-Perceptual Test Using Quick Speech-In-Noise Test Material, Matthew Wetmore, Hua Ou

AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders

Objective: Two audiometric speech measures have been recognized to be useful to predict hearing aid use success: the Quick Speech-in-Noise (QuickSIN) test and the Performance-Perceptual Test (PPT). The PPT involves using the same speech test material (Hearing In Noise Test; HINT) twice, to evaluate patients’ objective and subjective speech recognition performance in noise and the discrepancy between the two measures (Performance-Perceptual Discrepancy; PPDIS). Utilizing the QuickSIN with the PPT (Revised-PPT) may provide a clinician with two important pieces of information from one test to help predict hearing aid use success and the need for counseling. This study aimed 1) …

Challenges To Augmentative And Alternative Communication Interventions With Autism Spectrum Disorder Students, Kristy Jane Singer-Macnair

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have challenges with communication, social interactions, and behavior, which can limit their functioning in school settings. They need to have functional communication skills to access the curriculum and have their needs met across all social environments. Special education teachers often experience barriers to successful implementation of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions appropriate for these students. The purpose of this case study was to understand how special education teachers experience AAC intervention processes, and illuminate the conditions for effective AAC implementation. A qualitative case study was conducted using interviews from 6 credentialed special education …

Graduate Bulletin, 2017-2018, Minnesota State University Moorhead

Graduate Bulletins (Catalogs)

No abstract provided.

Promotion Of Early Pediatric Hearing Detection Through Patient Navigation, Matthew L. Bush

Theses and Dissertations--Clinical and Translational Science

Congenital hearing loss is the most common neonatal sensory disorder and it is crucial to diagnose hearing loss as soon as possible after birth in order to facilitate rapid treatment. Universal standards of infant hearing healthcare dictate that infant hearing screening should be completed by one month of age and abnormal screening tests should be followed with definitive audiological testing by three months of age. Obtaining diagnostic testing can be complicated by limited access to care in rural areas, breakdowns in communication, lack of parental support, and poor coordination of care. There is no established method to address appointment non-adherence …

Inter-Rater Reliability Of Diagnostic Language Testing Administered Via Telepractice, Sarah E. Adams

Theses and Dissertations--Communication Sciences and Disorders

Federal law mandates children with language disorders receive free and appropriate intervention. Diagnosis is the first step in the intervention continuum; however, children in rural America are underserved due to personnel shortages. Limited studies have demonstrated the reliability of language testing conducted via telepractice. Further research examining the reliability of language tests administered via telepractice is necessary. The purpose of this study was to assess inter-rater reliability of three language tests administered via telepractice.

The Distribution Of Talker Variability Impacts Infants’ Word Learning, Carolyn Quam, Sara Knight, Louann Gerken

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Infants struggle to apply earlier-demonstrated sound-discrimination abilities to later word learning, attending to non-constrastive acoustic dimensions (e.g., Hay et al., 2015), and not always to contrastive dimensions (e.g., Stager & Werker, 1997). One hint about the nature of infants’ difficulties comes from the observation that input from multiple talkers can improve word learning (Rost & McMurray, 2009). This may be because, when a single talker says both of the to-be-learned words, consistent talker’s-voice characteristics make the acoustics of the two words more overlapping (Apfelbaum & McMurray, 2011). Here, we test that notion. We taught 14-month-old infants two similar-sounding words in …

Exploring Student Understanding Of The Connections Between Music And Literacy, Heather Owens, Scott Palasik

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

It has been found that music training improves attention and recall of memory, two skills that are linked to literacy. Music is also strongly correlated with phonological and phonemic awareness. More research is needed to pinpoint therapy methods that integrate music and are Evidence- Based Practices. The purpose of this project was to discover the extent to which aspiring speech language pathologists are aware that musical experiences aid learning and literacy by conducting a survey of undergraduate speech-language pathology and audiology students at The University of Akron. For the methods of this survey, twenty-eight participants completed a survey that was …

A Guide To Functional Communication Training And Autism, Elizabeth M. Connolly

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder have complex communication needs, and many use challenging behaviors to express themselves. This study focused on the effectiveness of the three-step Functional Communication Training process to decrease self-injurious behaviors, when used with a child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. After conducting an extensive review of existing studies, the current project focused on areas of weakness in the literature. One case study subject participated in therapy that utilized Functional Communication Training. The participant was taught to functionally communicate via a speech generating device and picture symbols, while the numbers of self-injurious behaviors were recorded. At …

A Literature Review On Accent Modification, Alyssa Pennington 6978027

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Accents reflect the unique social aspects and backgrounds of the speaker. Unfortunately, some accents result in communication problems that affect speech intelligibility. This is especially true for those who speak English as a second language (ESL). As a result, non-native English speakers may avoid social interactions with those who find them difficult to understand. For those who elect to modify their accents, clinicians may offer accent reduction therapy services to help ESL speakers improve their ability to communicate with others across the home, school, work, and community setting.

Therapy designed to change accents is within the scope of practice for …