Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

Strengthening The Semantic Verb Network In Multilingual People With Aphasia: Within- And Cross-Language Treatment Effects, Aviva Lerman, Mira Goral, Lisa Edmonds, Loraine K. Obler

Publications and Research

In multilingual people, semantic knowledge is predominantly shared across languages.
Providing semantic-focused treatment to people with aphasia has been posited to strengthen
connectivity within association cortices that subserve semantic knowledge. In multilingual people, such treatment should result in within- and cross-language generalisation to all languages, although not equally. We investigated treatment effects in two multilingual participants with aphasia who received verb-based semantic treatment in two pre-stroke highly
proficient languages. We compared within- and cross-language generalisation patterns across languages, finding within- and cross-language generalisation after treatment in the less-impaired, pre-morbidly more-proficient first-acquired language (L1). This observation supports the theory that connectivity …

Aphasia In Multilingual Patients, Mira Goral, Zahra Hejazi

Publications and Research

Purpose of Review

We summarize recent published work concerning assessment and treatment of aphasia in bilingual and multilingual people and review current related models of treatment outcomes. As well, we discuss studies that address the recently debated topic of cognitive processes in bilingual individuals with aphasia, with a focus on the effects of bilingualism on aphasia recovery and its potential protective effects.

Recent Findings

Providing assessment and treatment tools that best serve multilingual individuals with aphasia and unpacking the variables and mechanisms that underlie response to treatment have emerged as goals of several recent studies. Additionally, while findings are still …

A Critical Review Of Apraxia Of Speech And Childhood Apraxia Of Speech, Madison Joan Smith

Honors Theses and Capstones

The theories and neural bases of Apraxia of Speech (AOS) have long been debated. In 1861, Paul Broca identified two patients with speech/language impairments who became the basis for the theory on aphemia, now known as apraxia. Broca noted of patients with AOS that “there are cases in which the general faculty for language remains unaltered; where the auditory apparatus is intact; where all muscles—including those of speech and articulation—are under voluntary control; and where nevertheless, a cerebral lesion abolishes articulated language” (Broca, 1861/2000). The term “apraxia” was first introduced by Hugo Liepmann in 1908 and was described as “the …

A Study Of Factors That Influence Symbol Selection On Augmentative And Alternative Communication Devices For Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder, William Todd Dauterman

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), 1 in 59 children are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) each year. Given the complexity of ASD and how it is manifested in individuals, the execution of proper interventions is difficult. One major area of concern is how individuals with ASD who have limited communication skills are taught to communicate using Augmentative and Alternative Communication devices (AAC). AACs are portable electronic devices that facilitate communication by using audibles, signs, gestures, and picture symbols. Traditionally, Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) are the primary facilitators of AAC devices and help establish the language individuals with …

Prevalence Of Hearing Loss In College Students In The United States: A Meta-Analysis, Ashley Barton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Hearing loss among college students, specifically noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), appears to be increasing. This may be particularly challenging for this population as college students are required to listen to lectures in classrooms that may have sub-optimal listening environments. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was (1) to examine the prevalence of hearing loss in college students and (2) to emphasize the importance of detecting hearing loss at 6,000 Hz.Method: A meta-analysis was conducted using the PRISMA model. The literature search yielded 8 studies (1,950 subjects) that tested hearing loss using an audiogram and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions …

A Qualitative Case Study: Exploring The Application Of Physiological Measures In Prelinguistic Aac Intervention, Chloe Putnam

2021 Honors Symposium

Prelinguistic communication is defined as that which comes before linguistic development and consists of nonverbal means of communication, such as gestures, eye gaze, vocalizations, and expressions (Franco, Davis, & Davis, 2013). In typical development, prelinguistic communication is evident in infants during the beginning stages of communication, before language emerges. However, some individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) with communication limitations continue to use prelinguistic communication as a primary mode of communication later in life. The goal of completing this research is to explore the potential promise of the novel approach of applying physiological measures to AAC intervention for prelinguistic …

Computer-Assisted Challenge Point Intervention For Residual Speech Errors., Tara Mc Allister Byun, Elaine R. Hitchcock, Jose Ortiz

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Purpose: This preliminary case series investigated the effects of biofeedback intervention for residual rhotic errors delivered within a modified challenge point framework. In the challenge point framework, practice difficulty is adaptively adjusted with the goal of enhancing generalization learning. This study more specifically evaluated the feasibility of a computer-mediated implementation of challenge point treatment for rhotic errors using a custom open-source software, the Challenge Point Program.

Method: Participants were five native English speakers, ages 7;3–15;5 (years; months), who had established but not generalized correct rhotic production in previous treatment; overall treatment duration was flexible. Treatment incorporated either electropalatographic …

Foster Parents' Knowledge And Perceptions Of Behavior And Behavior Management In Children With Adverse Childhood Experiences, Shelby Freeman

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Circumstances that lead to placement in foster care and even the experience of foster care itself can be traumatic to children. These negative events and others, including abuse, neglect, and parental separation/divorce, are considered adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) {American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d.). Approximately 90% of all foster children have experienced one or more ACEs before or during their time in foster care (Dorsey et al., 2011). The emotional and physical impact that AC Es have on children can change the chemistry of their brain, which influences several key areas ofa child's development. Depending on the number and severity of …

Knowledge, Perception, And Implementation Of Oral Care In Patients With Head And Neck Cancer Before, During, And After Radiation Therapy, Abigail Smith

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of oral health education among head and neck cancer patients throughout various treatment periods and how this education influences their oral health practices, determine satisfaction with education and support based on initial symptoms as well as identify modifications to approaches to oral care education and further define a model for interprofessional practices to establish a role for speech-language pathologists in oral health education. A Qualtrics survey was distributed to gather information on oral care habits, determine habits, education, and satisfaction throughout radiation, completion of daily oral care, importance of oral …

Slp Practice And Assessment Of Bilingual Students In Illinois, Erin Zurek

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the practices used by Illinois school-based SLPs in assessing bilingual students and the challenges they face. A survey made on surveyplanent.com was distributed via email through the Illinois Speech-Language-Hearing Association to gather information on typical bilingual assessment such as frequently used methods, resources available by district, and continuing education opportunities. Responses were analyzed via SPSS Statistics to understand any relationships between SLP language proficiency, years of experience, percentage of bilingual caseload, reports of graduate preparation, and continuing education opportunities with their bilingual assessment practices. The data was compared to similar …

Automatic Subtyping Of Individuals With Primary Progressive Aphasia, Charalambos Themistocleous, Bronte Ficek, Kimberly Webster, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Argye Hillis, Kyrana Tsapkini

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Background:

Objective:

Methods:

Ehealth Parent Education For Hearing Aid Management: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Karen F. Muñoz, Guadalupe G. San Miguel, Tyson S. Barrett, Courtney Kasin, Kelsey Baughman, Bailey Reynolds, Caitlyn Ritter, Makynzie Larsen, John J. Whicker, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Student Research

Objective: Parents frequently experience challenges implementing daily routines important for consistent hearing aid management. Education that supports parents in learning new information and gaining confidence is essential for intervention success. We conducted a pilot study to test an eHealth program to determine if we could implement the program with adherence and affect important behavioral outcomes compared to treatment as usual.

Design: Randomized controlled trial

Study sample: Parents of children birth to 42 months who use hearing aids. Eighty-two parents were randomly assigned to the intervention or treatment-as-usual group. Four parents assigned to the intervention group did not continue after baseline …

Beyond The Treatment Protocol: Active Ingredients For Precision Voice Rehabilitation, Maria H. Bane

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Despite the growing body of research demonstrating voice therapy efficacy, only 12 of 100 people referred to a speech-language pathologist (SLP) for a voice evaluation will successfully complete therapy. One possible reason for this discrepancy is that clinical laboratory and clinical outcomes studies have focused on if voice therapy works while failing to explain how voice therapy works. While the if question is important, the yes or no response this question generates is of limited utility when those referred for voice therapy fail to complete. Consequently, the how question, which concentrates on the mechanisms and processes underlying effective voice therapy, …

The Effects Of Complex Listening Environments On Semantic Processing In Young And Middle-Aged Adults, Emily Ferguson B.S., Nicholas Stanley Ph.D. Au.D.

AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders

The purpose of this research study is to determine how young adults and middle-aged adults process speech in different complex listening environments. Young adult and middle-aged adult volunteers will complete a cognitive screening and audiological evaluation to establish inclusionary status for experimental speech understanding in noise testing. If they meet the requirements of the study and wish to participate further, they will continue with a semantic judgement task, in which they will be asked to listen and respond to words presented in different background noises. Within the task, participants will be asked to identify word pairs into either a "match" …

The Readability Of Cochlear Implant Brochures: A Potential Factor In Parent Choice, Jennifer Dannemarie La Scala

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The early diagnosis of hearing loss can be a life-changing event for families. Parents are required to make several prompt decisions where they might be overwhelmed with all the information being shared with them. Patient education materials (PEMs) are often provided by clinical health professionals – yet these materials are often written above the average reading level of adults in the United States, thus presenting an additional challenge to many parents.

The purpose of this study was to examine the ease of reading cochlear implant (CI) brochures that are provided to parents who are making informed decisions about the management …

3d Mri Investigations Of The Musculus Uvulae In Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Riley Cashon

Honors Undergraduate Theses

22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q) is the most common genetic cause for velopharyngeal dysfunction. Several velopharyngeal muscles in children with 22q have been shown to be hypoplastic, but no studies to date have examined the musculus uvulae in children with 22q. This study aimed to investigate the presence and characteristics of the musculus uvulae in children with 22q using3D modeling software MRI scans of 13 children (8 with 22q and 5 control participants) were used to measure the musculus uvulae using Amira 6 visualization modeling software. The muscle was segmented by selecting voxels displaying the musculus uvulae on successive oblique coronal …

Remote Supported Communication For Adults With Chronic Aphasia: A Serendipitous Study, Allie Hopper

Theses and Dissertations--Communication Sciences and Disorders

Supported communication is defined as anything that improves access to or participation in communication events or activities (King, Simmons-Mackie, & Beukelman, 2012). This thesis describes the results of a study that took place when a training program to provide graduate students in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) with “hands on” experience in providing supported communication to persons with chronic aphasia (PWA) was interrupted by the outbreak of Coronavirus-19 and switched to a remote delivery format to fulfil service and training obligations to the PWA and the CSD graduate students respectively. The study (1) describes the actions taken to covert a …

Iowa Conference On Communicative Disorders [Program, 2021], Iowa Conference On Communicative Disorders

Iowa Conference on Communicative Disorders Programs

The Iowa Conference on Communicative Disorders provides continuing education activities in speech- language pathology that are acceptable to the State of Iowa and the American Speech-Language and Hearing Association. Areas of emphasis include adults and pediatrics.

Blocking Behavior In Brass Players: Connections Between Fluency In Speech And Music, Marissa Gonzales

McNair Scholars Manuscripts

Many professional brass musicians deal with an under-studied performance issue with no official term. Some labels are the Valsalva maneuver, musical stuttering, blocking, or task-specific dystonia. When a brass musician attempts to play, their core may tighten up, airflow stops in the larynx or oral cavity, and the note gets “stuck.” A similar physical reaction is seen when people stutter in speech. The goal of this study was to determine how similar blocking in brass musicians and speech stuttering are in four areas: physical symptoms, emotional connections, onset descriptions, and environments that can cause fluency or disfluency. A survey was …

Parental Awareness Of Early Intervention For Hispanic Children With Communication Disorders, Ruth Crutchfield, Sonya N. Salinas, Roy K. Chen

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Children at risk of delayed speech and language development and speech-language disorders come from a broad range of demographic backgrounds, including ethnicities, sexes, and socioeconomic statuses. A vast body of research in speech-language pathology has demonstrated that early intervention is crucial for helping children acquire the necessary communication skills they need to become effective communicators, successful students, and ultimately accomplished adults. Currently, commercials, billboards, online sources, and personal referrals are the methods most often used to promote awareness of early childhood intervention services. Method: This study aimed to identify whether the current promotional methods used to increase parental awareness …