Urban Studies and Planning Commons^™

Urbanization Policy And Economic Development: A Quantitative Analysis Of China's Differential Hukou Reforms, Wen-Tai Hsu, Lin Ma

Research Collection School Of Economics

The household registration system (hukou system) in China has hampered rural-urban migration by posing large migration friction. The system has been gradually relaxed in the past few decades, but the reforms have been differential in city size. We find a striking contrast in migration patterns between years 2005 and 2015; rural people tended to move more to large cities in 2005, but more to small- and medium-sized cities in 2015. We calibrate a spatial quantitative model to the world economy in both years with China divided into rural, mega-city, and other-city regions. We find that alternative urbanization policies that are …

Focus On Sustainable Cities: Urban Solutions Toward Desired Outcomes, M. Georgescu, M. Arabi, Winston T. L. Chow, E. Mack, K. C. Seto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Urbanization represents the single most impactful and long-lasting transformation of the Earth system since the dawn of civilization. Cities are simultaneously locations of innovation, social connectivity, and wealth, but they also create local-to-global environmental degradation and socioeconomic disparities. For example, food provision for cities has required significant land-use change and fertilizer input, has altered regional climate, biogeochemical cycles, and degraded marine and landscapes through biodiversity loss, algal blooms and fish kills. To maintain urban livelihoods and the provision of goods and services, cities require vast amounts of energy (e.g. to provide access to transport, cooling systems), which are massive producers …

Using Fuzzy Clustering Of User Perception To Determine The Number Of Level-Of-Service Categories For Bus Rapid Transit, Yueying Huo, Jinhua Zhao, Xiaojuan Li, Chen Guo

Journal of Public Transportation

The concept of level of service (LOS) is meant to reflect user perception of the quality of service provided by a transportation facility or service. Although the LOS of bus rapid transit (BRT) has received considerable attention, the number of levels of service of BRT that a user can perceive still remains unclear. Therefore, in this paper, we address this issue using fuzzy clustering of user perception. User perception is defined as a six-dimension vector of the perceived arrival time, perceived waiting time, bus speed perception, passenger load perception, perceived departure time, and overall perception. A smartphone-based transit travel survey …

Understanding Transantiago Users’ Motivations For Paying Or Evading Payment Of Bus Fares, Carolina Busco, Felipe González, Yamil Jaqueih, Felipe Jiménez, Borja Alonso

Journal of Public Transportation

Transantiago, the public transport system implemented in Santiago, Chile, remains a controversial subject of public debate due to constantly increasing fare evasion rates throughout its decade-long existence. The

Transantiago, the public transport system implemented in Santiago, Chile, remains a controversial subject of public debate due to constantly increasing fare evasion rates throughout its decade-long existence. The research question under consideration in this paper is as follows: What motivates individuals to evade or pay bus fares? To answer this question, we developed a multidisciplinary study that combined relevant engineering expertise with a sociological perspective and combined quantitative analyses with qualitative methodologies …

Validating The Resident View In Long-Term Care Settings: Final Report To Oregon Department Of Human Services, Aging & People With Disabilities Division, Diana L. White, Ozcan Tunalilar, Serena Hasworth, Jaclyn Winfree, Institute On Aging, Portland State University

Institute on Aging Publications

In 2015, Portland State University Institute on Aging (PSU/IOA) received a grant from the Quality Care Fund to develop the Resident VIEW (Voicing Importance, Experience, and Well-being), a measure of person-centered care (PCC) from the perspective of residents. Structured open-ended interviews were conducted with residents living in nursing homes (NH), assisted living (AL/RC), and adult foster homes (AFH) settings to learn more about their everyday concerns, values, and preferences. Each interview focused on one of eight domains of PCC. These domains had been identified from the literature and in prior research. Personhood, or as described by residents as being “treated …

Retention Of A Diverse Construction Workforce, Maura Kelly

PSU Transportation Seminars

Having a strong pipeline of workers will be critical for ongoing efforts to improve transportation infrastructure, such as roads, highways, and bridges. This talk first provides an overview of the recruitment and retention of a diverse construction workforce in Oregon. Next are findings from research studies over the last ten years demonstrating the challenges experienced by workers on construction job sites that lead to low retention levels. The talk concludes with a discussion of several initiatives within the construction trades that have been implemented to address job site culture.

Tectonic And Geotechnical Review Of Bengal Basin For Seismic Risk Assessment In Bangladesh, Mir Fazlul Karim, Jnana Ranjan Kayal, Daya Shanker, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Arif M. Sikder, M Zillur Rahman, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan

Publications and Research

Four major geotectonic provinces of the basin are recognized: 1) the continental slope to the west of the Hinge Zone, 2) the stable shelf, 3) the deep central trough (Sylhet-Hatiya) and 4) the Chittagong-Tripura fold belt to the east. The ~300 km long Dauki Fault demarcates the elevated Shillong Plateau, part of the Indian Shield to the north and the deep basin to the south. The basin experienced three strong to major intraplate earthquakes: a) 1885 Bengal earthquake (rev. Mw 6.8) close to the Hinge Zone, b) 1918 Srimangal earthquake (rev. Mw 7.1) on the Sylhet (trough) fault and c) …

Webinar: The Impact Of Transportation-Related Barriers On Self-Perceived Physical Health Among Adults In The Us, Philip Baiden, Godfred Boateng

TREC Webinar Series

Drawing from the framework of social determinants of health, the objective of this study is to investigate the cross-sectional association between transportation-related factors and self-perceived physical health among adults in the U.S.

Data for this study were derived from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. An analytic sample of 71,235 respondents aged 18 and 64 years was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Of the 71,235 respondents examined, 8.9% perceived their physical health to be poor. About 36% of the respondents had fewer vehicles per individuals in the household.

Controlling for the effects of other factors, respondents who had fewer vehicles …

An Assessment Of Bicycle Detection Confirmation And Countdown Devices, Christopher Monsere, Sirisha Kothuri, David S. Hurwitz

PSU Transportation Seminars

For a person on a bicycle at intersections, trail crossings, or midblock locations that are signalized, knowing that they have been detected and how long they must wait to receive a green indication is valuable information. This presentation will summarize the findings from the online survey (1,048 responses), observed behaviors (2,428 persons on bicycle), and an intercept survey ( 234 persons) to understand blue light feedback devices and countdown timers at signalized intersections.

Findings suggest that the design where the blue light was embedded in the sign was more visible to cyclists and observed by higher proportions of cyclists in …

Impacts Of Automated Vehicle Technologies On Future Traffic, Xiaowei Shi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Recently manufactured commercial vehicles are increasingly equipped with automated driving features. The adaptive cruise control (ACC) system, arguably the most common automated vehicle (AV) driving feature, is available on many new models of commercial vehicles in recent years. The ACC system is composed of a series of onboard sensors (e.g., millimeter-wave radars), computing and control units, which enables the commercial AVs to automatically maintain a safe headway between the subject AV and the lead vehicle by dynamically control the AV speed with real-time sensor information. Note that such commercial AVs are controlled by exact, prescriptive, and fast-responding computer-mechanical dynamic models …

Efek Aglomerasi Di Indonesia : Komparasi Jawa Dan Luar Jawa, Eggie Dwi Ananda Chaniago, Muhammad Hanri

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

Population density and average city’s wages in Java are higher than outside Java. The literature shows that population density can increase the productivity of firms and workers, thereby increasing the level of wages in cities. In urban economics, agglomeration economies are defined as the benefits that come when firms and people locate near one another together in cities and industrial clusters. This study estimates the agglomeration effect in Java and outside Java cities by analyzing the relationship between population density and urban characteristics with wage levels. Previous studies have shown that population density is positively correlated to wage levels at …

Apakah Belanja Pendidikan Dan Kualitas Guru Dapat Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan?, Narulita Ratih Wulansari, Khoirunurrofik Khoirunurrofik

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

This study aims to analyze the relationship between education expenditure and teacher quality on education quality at the senior secondary level in Indonesia. Based on data analysis across provinces using the Fixed Effect Method, an inverted U-shaped relationship was identified between education expenditure and education quality. This study also shows that teacher quality has a significant effect in improving education quality. The interregional analysis shows that education expenditure has an inverted U-shaped relationship and teacher quality has a positive relationship with education quality at the outside Java-Bali region. However, education expenditure and teacher quality do not show a significant result …

Civichon 1.0: City In A Village, Catalogue For Civichon Exhibition In Vienna Biennale 2021, Albert L. Park, Kyong Park, Annie Pedret

EnviroLab Asia

No abstract provided.

Reassessing The Case For Development Charges In Canadian Municipalities, Andrew Sancton

Centre for Urban Policy and Local Governance – Publications

“Growth should pay for growth.” This slogan—the common justification for development charges—is rarely challenged in municipal circles. The principle that those who cause new urban growth should pay for the infrastructure associated with it has generally been taken for granted, at least for the last few decades. Development charges evolved from post-1945 subdivision agreements and were initially accepted by most developers as a mechanism for enhancing the likelihood that current residents in a municipality would agree to new development. They now add as much as $90,000 to the cost of a new house in some parts of the Greater Toronto …

Universities As Arts And Cultural Anchors: Moving Beyond Bricks And Mortar To Entrepreneurship, Workforce, And Community Development Approaches, Amanda Ashley, Leslie Durham

Urban Studies and Community Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

Economic developers refer to universities as anchor institutions because they are rooted regional economic drivers that are sites for development, incubation, entrepreneurship, workforce training, and knowledge transfer. Most anchor research speaks generally about the university or focuses on STEM. Our study asks: to what extent are public universities arts and cultural anchors? Through a comparative case analysis supplemented with interviews of field innovators and a translation of transdisciplinary literature, we deepen the anchor concept, and we propose a conceptual assessment tool. Our applied research helps universities move from being an arts patron to an arts entrepreneur, investor, innovator, and catalyst.

New Mobility For All: Evaluation Of A Transportation Incentive Program For Residents Of Affordable Housing In Portland, Or, Nathan Mcneil, John Macarthur, Huijun Tan

TREC Final Reports

Low-income residents, immigrants, seniors, and people with disabilities - people who are often the most transport disadvantaged and thus stand to gain the most from tools that could reduce transportation costs and time – are often poorly served by new transportation tools and services, whether due to issues of affordability, gaps in technology adoption, unbanked populations, social or knowledge gaps, physical access, or other barriers. The research team worked with the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) to evaluate the Transportation Wallet for Residents of Affordable Housing Pilot (TWRAH). The program provided a set of transportation incentives for low-income participants including …

Shale Investment Dashboard In Ohio Q3 And Q4 2020, Andrew R. Thomas, Mark Henning, Samuel Owusu-Agyemang

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

This report presents findings from an investigation into shale-related investment in Ohio, looking at up, mid and downstream activities. The investment estimates are from July through December of 2020. The report also includes an estimate of cumulative investment in shale in Ohio from 2012 through December 2020. Prior biannual investments are included in previously posted reports that are available from Cleveland State University.

Centennial School District Enrollment Forecasts 2021-22 To 2030-31, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Charles Rynerson, Christina Wei

School District Enrollment Forecast Reports

In August 2021 the Portland State University Population Research Center (PRC) prepared high, middle, and low scenarios of district‐wide enrollment forecasts by grade level for the Centennial School District (CSD) for the 10‐year period between 2021‐22 and 2030‐31. Each enrollment forecast scenario is related to population forecasts that incorporate different assumptions about growth within the District, with the primary differences being the contribution of net migration to the District’s population and age distribution. To facilitate the boundary review process, PRC also provided forecasts of CSD students residing within each existing elementary attendance area, consistent with the middle series, to CSD …

Portland Street Response: Six-Month Evaluation: A Report Prepared For The City Of Portland Bureau Of Fire And Rescue, Greg Townley, Emily Leickly

Homelessness Research & Action Collaborative Publications and Presentations

Overview of the Program:

Portland Street Response (PSR) is a new first responder program for non-emergency calls involving people experiencing homelessness or mental health crisis. The program launched on February 16, 2021 in the Lents neighborhood in Portland, OR and operates Monday to Friday from 10 AM to 6 PM. The pilot is coordinated by Portland Fire & Rescue (PF&R), and the founding team consists of a firefighter paramedic, a licensed mental health crisis therapist, and two community health workers.

Swimming Upstream: Getting To The Root Causes Of Infant Mortality And Life Expectancy Outcomes In Cleveland, Ohio And The U.S., Richey Piiparinen, Joshua Valdez

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

Health mostly happens outside of the hospital and the doctor’s office. This reality is called “the social determinants of health” (SDOH). SDOH’s impact can be understood a number of ways. This analysis shows that great local healthcare doesn’t preclude poor population health, exhibited by high infant mortality and low life expectancy rates.

The analysis found that while Ohio and Cuyahoga County have world-class healthcare, they also have third-world health outcomes.

• Ohio’s life expectancy (76.8) ranks 12th worst nationally, well below Midwestern peers. Cuyahoga County’s life expectancy (77) ranks 41st out of 89 counties in the State.

• Black Cuyahoga …

Urban Mayors Press-Fall 2021, John S. Watson Institute For Urban Policy & Research At Kean University

Urban Mayors Policy Center

The Urban Mayors Press is a digital newsletter created to highlight the impactful work of New Jersey Urban Mayors Association (NJUMA) members and to provide resourceful information to municipalities throughout New Jersey from federal, state and local agencies.

Through The Ivory Curtain: African Americans In Cleveland Heights, Ohio, Before The Fair Housing Movement, J. Mark Souther

History Faculty Publications

This article examines the largely neglected history of African American struggles to obtain housing in Cleveland Heights, a first-ring suburb of Cleveland, Ohio, between 1900 and 1960, prior to the fair housing and managed integration campaigns that emerged thereafter. The article explores the experiences of black live-in servants, resident apartment building janitors, independent renters, and homeowners. It offers a rare look at the ways that domestic and custodial arrangements opened opportunities in housing and education, as well as the methods, calculations, risks, and rewards of working through white intermediaries to secure homeownership. It argues that the continued black presence laid …

Scaling Smartness, (De)Provincialising The City? The Asean Smart Cities Network And The Translational Politics Of Technocratic Regionalism, Lily Kong, Orlando Woods

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This paper explores the case study of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN) to uncover the motivations and potential challenges associated with technocratic regionalism, by which we mean technology-driven forms of regional integration and consolidation. In the case of the ASCN, technocratic regionalism is used to spur urban development through the rollout of smart city plans, policies and projects across Southeast Asia. As such, it is a regional strategy designed to scale smartness, and thus deprovincialise the city by embedding it within transnational flows of capital, ideas and expertise. At the same time, however, already existing urban issues have the …

Examining The Impact Of Transportation-Related Barriers On Self-Perceived Physical Health Among Adults In The United States, Philip Baiden, Godfred O. Boateng, Stephen Mattingly, Alan Kunz Lomelin

TREC Final Reports

Objective: Drawing from the framework of social determinants of health, the objective of this paper was to investigate the crosssectional association between transportation-related factors and self-perceived physical health among adults in the U.S. while adjusting for known demographic and socioeconomic-related factors.

Methods: Data for this report were derived from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. An analytic sample of 71,235 respondents aged 18 and 64 years was analyzed using binary logistic regression. The outcome variable examined was self perceived physical health and the main explanatory variable was a measure of household vehicle deficit.

Results: Of the 71,235 respondents examined, 8.9% …

Investing In Quiet: A Self-Funding Approach To Mitigating Noise Emissions From Train Horn Use At Grade Crossings, Rand Hough

Senior Theses

This paper argues that there is an economic case for implementing “Quiet Zones”—public, at-grade, road-rail crossings where the usual federal requirement that locomotives sound their horns is suspended—in Richland County, South Carolina in particular, and in the Midlands region of that state in general. Quiet Zones cost money: in some instances, a few thousand dollars; in cases where federal rules require substantial upgrades to infrastructure, many millions. It may nonetheless cost more to not implement them: existing research has found that properties exposed to chronic noise pollution are worth less. While higher property values are not the only benefit of …

Cultural Districts Advocacy Guide, Su Fern Hoe

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Cultural districts strengthen our cities and communities and support the development of thriving places and people. Support for cultural districts is a high-return investment as their value is immense, multi-layered and far-reaching. However, while those benefits are embraced by many, not all believe it. Increasingly, cultural leaders are being challenged to demonstrate how supporting the arts and culture advances other agendas; from attracting investment to fostering liveable communities and enabling public safety.This advocacy guide makes a case for support of cultural districts as a necessity for building thriving places and people. Importantly, it provides a core set of ideas and …

Holding Water For The City: Emergent Geographies Of Storage And The Urbanization Of Nature, Sayd Randle

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

In the US West, water stories are often aqueduct stories, narratives of moving the vital resource from one place to another. This paper, in contrast, explores nascent efforts to keep the water still, in the name of helping buffer cities from the anticipated impacts of climate change. Scripted as potential holding sites for an urban water reserve, aquifers and the task of filling them now orient a range of policies and material investments across Southern California. Building on writings that explore the multi-scalar politics of storing and stockpiling vaccines, resources, and lively or uncooperative commodities, this analysis approaches storage as …

Urban Upgrading As A Strategic Option To Deal With Urban Deterioration Case Study: Al Shumaisi Neighborhood In Riyadh, Lulwah A. Alsulaim, Waleed S. Alzamil

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

The paper discusses the problem of urban deterioration in Saudi cities that often stand at the stage of urban removal. The research aims to develop a strategy for urban upgrading based on the optimal utilization of existing urban structures to preserves economic resources, and in line with Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030 Vision. The paper began with reviewing literature and previous experiences in urban upgrading and determining the foundations of social urban upgrading. The study was applied to the Al Shumaisi neighborhood in Riyadh, which is part of the Central Riyadh Development Project (CRDP). The paper followed the descriptive and …

People-Focused And Near-Term Public Transit Performance Analysis, Alex Karner

Journal of Public Transportation

Public transit ridership forecasts have long played a role in understanding the potential success of a policy or investment, but their limitations have led researchers and practitioners to identify other performance analysis approaches. Accessibility, or the ease of reaching opportunities, has become very popular and widely used for this purpose. But commonly used accessibility measures also embody weaknesses that are seldom acknowledged; these limit their utility for truly understanding the benefits of transit investments. In this paper, we identify the pros and cons of these competing approaches and offer a third strategy. Specifically, we describe how revealed travel behavior data, …

Novel Pilot Development Of A Closed-Loop Sustainable System Between Biogas Renewable Energy, Distilling, And Aquaculture By Vermiculture Of Stillage Wastes, Samuel C. Kessler

The Cardinal Edge

This study provides a mixed-methods approach in analyzing a potential closed-loop system between renewable biogas production from anaerobic digestion, vermiculture production, aquaculture production, and organic wastes with a particular focus on stillage wastes. Such system may hold significant promise for significantly reducing organic carbon and methane emissions from its components, and should be assessed for such. The 2021 IPCC report essentially identified methane reduction as the single fastest way to slow global warming (IPCC, 2021), making the study and implementation of methane-reducing systems and supportive policy for them critical. Knowledge gaps to implementing this system were qualitatively identified as disconnect …