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Articles 331 - 360 of 521
Full-Text Articles in Urban Studies and Planning
Citizen Evaluation Of Government And Confidence In Public Institutions In Emergent Islamic Democracies: Evidence From Afghanistan, Nicholas O. Alozie, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Citizen Evaluation Of Government And Confidence In Public Institutions In Emergent Islamic Democracies: Evidence From Afghanistan, Nicholas O. Alozie, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
Extant literature on citizen evaluation of government and confidence in public institutions is anchored on findings largely derived from the rich and enduring democratic traditions of Western industrialized democracies. This research explores whether this literature informs and can be generalized to similar phenomena in a developmental Islamic democracy, such as that in Afghanistan. Analyzing national probability survey data of adult Afghans, we find that prevailing theories of citizen evaluation of government and confidence in public institutions do offer viable explanations, although the effect of each factor varies according to both level of government and institution. Also, the effects of perceptions …
Explaining Political Trust Among African Americans, Maruice Mangum
Explaining Political Trust Among African Americans, Maruice Mangum
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
African Americans have low levels of political trust when compared to white Americans. Explanations of African American’s political trust remain minimal. Utilizing data taken from the 1996 National Black Election Study and ordered probit to analyze the data, this study examines four explanations of African American political trust. It estimates political trust as a function of demographics, perceptions about the economy, beneficence from the government, and race orientation. Results show support for most of these factors, but no support for government beneficence. Social location, economic evaluations, and orientation to race influence African American political trust. I conclude that group-centric perceptions …
Does Kipp Grow Advantaged? Analyzing Kipp Campuses Over Time, Robert Maranto, Sarah B. Moore, Gary Ritter
Does Kipp Grow Advantaged? Analyzing Kipp Campuses Over Time, Robert Maranto, Sarah B. Moore, Gary Ritter
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
Knowledge Is Power Program (KIPP) charter schools are regarded as among the most academically successful schools serving high poverty populations. KIPP schools serve students that are more likely to be poor and from racial minorities than their peers in nearby traditional public schools. Nevertheless, it is possible that, as parents become aware of KIPP’s seemingly successful track record, the student population at KIPP might become less disadvantaged over time. Using Common Core data, we examined demographic changes in 81 KIPP schools that opened between 1995 and 2011, finding no quantitative evidence that KIPP students are growing more advantaged over time. …
Shifting The Blame In Public Education: Are There Parallels Between Opinion And Policy?, Barbara Patrick, Aaron . C. Rollins Jr
Shifting The Blame In Public Education: Are There Parallels Between Opinion And Policy?, Barbara Patrick, Aaron . C. Rollins Jr
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
Federal policies have expanded the use of market driven performance reforms. A growing number of these reforms assume that citizens believe educators should be held accountable for outcomes and funding sanctions will cause underperforming school to enhance outcomes. However it is unclear if citizens share these views. This research assesses these assumptions by examining who citizens believe should be most accountable for education outcomes and whether they support policies that removes funds from underperforming schools and rewards them to other education entities. The results reveal that citizens believe either parents or students should be held more accountable for education outcomes, …
The Economic Impact Of Changing Water Levels: A Regional Economic Analysis Of Lake Thurmond, Rob Carey, Lori A. Dickes, Elizabeth L. Crouch
The Economic Impact Of Changing Water Levels: A Regional Economic Analysis Of Lake Thurmond, Rob Carey, Lori A. Dickes, Elizabeth L. Crouch
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
This article examines the economic impact of declining lake levels on the local economy in six counties near the publically managed Thurmond Reservoir, located along the border of Georgia and South Carolina. A regression analysis of the relationship between lake level elevations and lake front real estate transactions is used in conjunction with an input-output model to estimate the median monthly economic impact of a one-foot increase in lake level in terms of employment, output, disposable income, and net local government revenue on the six counties bordering the lake. Thurmond Lake elevations have a statistically significant impact on regional economic …
Representative Bureaucracy, Street-Level Bureaucrats And Bureaucratic Discretion In Federal Disaster Assistance, Jason David Rivera
Representative Bureaucracy, Street-Level Bureaucrats And Bureaucratic Discretion In Federal Disaster Assistance, Jason David Rivera
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
This paper explores the role of representative bureaucracy and bureaucratic discretion in the allocation of federal disaster assistance to Hurricane Sandy survivors. Through the analysis of focus groups and key informant interviews, this study finds that FEMA home inspectors are not diverse in reference to race and gender; however, inspectors are found to be diverse in reference to place of origin. Although the role that race and gender play in the allocation of resources is found to be unclear, the region from which inspectors come from is found to be influential in the allocation of aid to survivors. As such, …
Representative Bureaucracy, Recidivism, Education, Public Trust, And Citizen Evaluation Of Government, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Representative Bureaucracy, Recidivism, Education, Public Trust, And Citizen Evaluation Of Government, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
No abstract provided.
Beyond Inclusion: Critical Race Theory And Participatory Budgeting, Celina Su
Beyond Inclusion: Critical Race Theory And Participatory Budgeting, Celina Su
Publications and Research
Critical Race Theory (CRT) researchers maintain that mainstream liberal discourses of neutrality and colorblindness inherently reify existing patterns of inequality, and that privileging the voices of people of color and the marginalized is essential to addressing issues of equity and equality. Participatory budgeting (PB) aims, too, to include the voices of the marginalized in substantive policy-making. Through a CRT lens, I examine the ways in which the New York City PB process has thus far worked to simultaneously disrupt and maintain racial hierarchies. I pay particular attention to how social constructions of the “good project” shape the discourses around community …
Overpopulation And The Impact On The Environment, Doris Baus
Overpopulation And The Impact On The Environment, Doris Baus
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In this research paper, the main focus is on the issue of overpopulation and its impact on the environment. The growing size of the global population is not an issue that appeared within the past couple of decades, but its origins come from the prehistoric time and extend to the very present day. Throughout the history, acknowledged scientists introduced the concept of “overpopulation” and predicted the future consequences if the world follows the same behavioral pattern. According to predictions, scientists invented the birth control pill and set population control through eugenics. Despite that, population continued to increase and fight with …
From Porto Alegre To New York City: Participatory Budgeting And Democracy, Celina Su
From Porto Alegre To New York City: Participatory Budgeting And Democracy, Celina Su
Publications and Research
Because of its popularity, there is now a large literature examining how participatory budgeting (PB) deepens participation by the poor and redistributes resources. Closer examinations of recent cases of PB can help us to better understand the political configurations in which these new participatory democratic spaces are embedded, and articulate the conditions that might lead to more meaningful outcomes. Who participates? For whose benefit? The articles in this symposium, on participatory budgeting in New York City (PBNYC), highlight both strengths and challenges of the largest American PB process. They focus less on redistribution, more on the dimensions of the process …
No. 25: Food Insecurity In Informal Settlements In Lilongwe, Malawi, Emmanuel Chilanga, Liam Riley, Juliana Ngwira, Chisomo Chalinda, Lameck Masitala
No. 25: Food Insecurity In Informal Settlements In Lilongwe, Malawi, Emmanuel Chilanga, Liam Riley, Juliana Ngwira, Chisomo Chalinda, Lameck Masitala
African Food Security Urban Network
Although there is widespread food availability in urban areas across the Global South, it is not correlated with universal access to adequate amounts of nutritious foods. This report is based on a household survey conducted in 2015 in six low-income informal areas in Malawi’s capital city, where three-quarters of the population live in informal settlements. Understanding the dimensions of household food insecurity in these neighbourhoods is critical to sustainable and inclusive growth in Lilongwe. The survey findings provide a complementary perspective to the 2008 AFSUN survey conducted in Blantyre, which suggested a level of food security in urban Malawi that …
No. 26: The Supermarket Revolution And Food Security In Namibia, Ndeyapo Nickanor, Lawrence Kazembe, Jonathan Crush, Jeremy Wagner
No. 26: The Supermarket Revolution And Food Security In Namibia, Ndeyapo Nickanor, Lawrence Kazembe, Jonathan Crush, Jeremy Wagner
African Food Security Urban Network
The surprisingly high rate of supermarket patronage in low-income areas of Windhoek, Namibia’s capital and largest city, is at odds with conventional wisdom that supermarkets in African cities are primarily patronized by middle and high-income residents and therefore target their neighbourhoods. What is happening in Namibia and other Southern African countries that make supermarkets so much more accessible to the urban poor? What are they buying at supermarkets and how frequently do they shop there? Further, what is the impact of supermarket expansion on informal food vendors? This report, which presents the findings from the South African Supermarkets in Growing …
Democracy In The Dark: An Energy Democracy Model Centering Property And People, Feby Boediarto
Democracy In The Dark: An Energy Democracy Model Centering Property And People, Feby Boediarto
Pitzer Senior Theses
The United States’ electric macro-grid provides electricity for all people to sustain our lifestyle. The current governing institutions that generate our electricity limit community representation, causing procedural injustice particularly to communities of color. This thesis is a contribution to the Energy Democracy literature, describing a community-based electricity model that includes two components: property and people. I argue to include an in-depth study of John Locke’s theories on property, in addition to Elinor Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development Framework to promote local knowledge in understanding how physical space and governing bodies strengthen the Energy Democracy movement. In addition, I utilize the …
Election 2016: Voter Turnout And Results Across Oregon, Kevin Curry
Election 2016: Voter Turnout And Results Across Oregon, Kevin Curry
Metroscape
Metroscape went inside the numbers from the 2016 general election. We examined Oregon’s new "motor voter" law to see if it affected turnout and to better understand the new voters added to the rolls in the ‘Beaver State.’ We looked at voter turnout and election results in Clackamas, Columbia, Multnomah, Washington, and Yamhill counties in Oregon and Clark and Skamania counties in Washington to answer several questions about the 2016 General Election.
Voices Of Cully: A Case Study Of The Living Cully Weatherization And Home Repair Project 2.0, Lucy J.T. Cultrera
Voices Of Cully: A Case Study Of The Living Cully Weatherization And Home Repair Project 2.0, Lucy J.T. Cultrera
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
The Cully neighborhood is situated in the Northeast quadrant of Portland, Oregon. It is 2.75 square mile plot of land and home to roughly 13,000 people. In addition to being one of the most diverse neighborhoods in Portland, it is the most densely populated, with the smallest amount of parkland per capita. Over the last two decades, home value has increased 203% in Cully, compared to a 90% citywide increase. Amidst these development trends are stories of incredible resilience, resistance and activism from the affected community. My project is a case study of one anti-displacement initiative, which was developed and …
The Tea Party Versus Planning: A Study Of Tea Party Activism And Its Impact On Local Government Planning, Spencer A. Norman
The Tea Party Versus Planning: A Study Of Tea Party Activism And Its Impact On Local Government Planning, Spencer A. Norman
Theses and Dissertations
The Tea Party movement’s effect on local and regional planning in Virginia has received little study. This work identifies how conservative political activism has impacted planning in the Commonwealth and how planners have responded. The study relies on a qualitative approach involving 22 semi-structured interviews with activists, planners, and citizens, as well as textual analyses of planning documents, local and regional news reports, and Tea Party social media. The resultant findings show that Tea Party activism is rooted in deep seated ideals about private property rights and individualism. It also reveals that planning processes that increased the amount of public …
Community Land Trusts: A Help Or Hindrance To Community Development In The United States, Andrew Kuka
Community Land Trusts: A Help Or Hindrance To Community Development In The United States, Andrew Kuka
Student Research – Stevenson Center
The availability of affordable housing in the United States continues to be an issue for Americans who are on the brink of homelessness, rely on housing subsidies, or struggle to pay their mortgages or rents. These issues, as well as the gentrification threat that community development poses to low-income residents can have deleterious effects on democratic participation and community development efforts. One proposed solution to these problems is the implementation of more community land trust programs nationally. This paper will assess the practicality of CLTs, and what such an implementation would mean for individuals, government entities, community members, and community …
Savannah's Ethnic Irish Neighborhoods In The Nineteenth Century: A Historical Multimethod Examination, Sarah A. Ryniker
Savannah's Ethnic Irish Neighborhoods In The Nineteenth Century: A Historical Multimethod Examination, Sarah A. Ryniker
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis is to identify residency patterns and neighborhoods for Savannah-Irish immigrants in the mid-nineteenth century. Using a multimethod approach, this thesis explores historical, social, and economic factors that influenced settlement patterns and cultivated the conditions for an Irish-American identity, particularly in two neighborhoods, Old Fort and Yamacraw. Guided by Yancey et al.’s (1976) emergent ethnicity theory, this study uses archival materials, as well as chi-square tests for association, and the 1860 Federal Census of Chatham County, Georgia, to geolocate Irish immigrants. With an emphasis on County Wexford, Ireland, the results suggest residency was associated with Irish …
The Middle Class, Urban Schools And Choice, Michael Lewyn
The Middle Class, Urban Schools And Choice, Michael Lewyn
Scholarly Works
Urban schools tend to be less attractive to middle-class parents than suburban schools; as a result, the public school system generates suburban sprawl. This talk discusses both egalitarian and market-oriented means of making cities more attractive to parents.
Losing Values: Illiquidity, Personhood, And The Return Of Authoritarianism In Skopje, Macedonia, Fabio Mattioli
Losing Values: Illiquidity, Personhood, And The Return Of Authoritarianism In Skopje, Macedonia, Fabio Mattioli
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
On May 17, 2015, over 50,000 people took to the streets of Skopje, the capital of the Republic of Macedonia, protesting against Prime Minister Gruevski and his party, the conservative neoliberal Internal Revolutionary Organization of Macedonia (VMRO). After nine years of authoritarian government, it was the first significant demonstration in which the population demanded accountability for Gruevski's despotic system of rule. This dissertation is the story of how Gruevski's system of power was built and why it lasted for so long. I argue that a series of failing financial processes, which included the use of illiquidity, created the material and …
Why Doesn't Worcester Vote?, Molly B. Kazin
Why Doesn't Worcester Vote?, Molly B. Kazin
Sustainability and Social Justice
This research presents findings from a study of voter turnout and registration in Worcester, Massachusetts and takes steps to examine possible reasons why turnout has been consistently low in municipal elections. Specifically, it assesses educational attainment, income, race and ethnicity, and types and function of municipal government as reasons for the minimal turnout. Drawing on literature, case studies throughout the United States, and census and city clerk data, this paper will discuss reasons for voters’ lack of involvement, a comparison of seven municipalities throughout Massachusetts, and recommendations for creating a more civically engaged community in Worcester.
Toward Regional Resilience In Toronto: From Diagnosis To Action, Zack Taylor, Leah Birnbaum
Toward Regional Resilience In Toronto: From Diagnosis To Action, Zack Taylor, Leah Birnbaum
Western Urban and Local Governance Working Papers
Greater Toronto is recognized as a high-performing urban region. Over the past decade, however, negative social, economic, and environmental trends have emerged that threaten the region’s future. On the basis of documentary research and four focus group workshops with a diverse array of professional practitioners, this paper assesses the Toronto region’s current assets and vulnerabilities in relation to future risks.The discussion is framed by the concept of resilience—an increasingly popular, yet abstract, concept in urban planning and public administration. This paper proposes, first, that planning and policymaking be directed toward increasing the region’s resilience, understood as the diversity and redundancy …
Muslimska Församlingar Och Föreningar I Malmö Och Lund – En Ögonblicksbild, Leif Stenberg, Rickard Lagervall
Muslimska Församlingar Och Föreningar I Malmö Och Lund – En Ögonblicksbild, Leif Stenberg, Rickard Lagervall
Faculty & Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
The Unmaking Of An Embargo: How Policy Entrepreneurs At The Individual, State, And National Levels Are Creating New Paths For Policy Change In Modern United States-Cuba Relations, Kyle C. Griffith
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
Throughout the Cold War antagonisms of the twentieth century, the United States (US) championed greater global economic cooperation and an embrace of free market principles to encourage economic growth. Post World War II, passage of the Bretton Woods Agreement institutionalized this political agenda effectively establishing the rules of global commerce. The result has been increased economic participation and trade liberalization. One of the last remaining vestiges of Cold War hostility and impediments to trade is the US economic embargo of Cuba, in place since 1960. Increasingly seen as a policy failure, the US has taken steps in the past two …
Race Relations In America: Complacency All Along?, Seong C. Kang
Race Relations In America: Complacency All Along?, Seong C. Kang
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
No abstract provided.
Learning From Trayvon: Lessons And Implications For Police Organizations And Leaders, Megan Lepere-Schloop, Joseph H. Lumpkin Chief Of Police
Learning From Trayvon: Lessons And Implications For Police Organizations And Leaders, Megan Lepere-Schloop, Joseph H. Lumpkin Chief Of Police
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
Critical incidents like the Martin-Zimmerman encounter prompt us to examine not only the specifics of a particular episode, but also broader questions that hopefully illuminate a path leading to meaningful change. This reflective piece draws on the professional experiences of a highly effective and respected African-American Police Chief to examine some of these broader questions. Chief Joseph H. Lumpkin is a 43-year law enforcement veteran who was recently appointed Chief of the Savannah-Chatham Metropolitan Police Department in Georgia. Before moving to Savannah he served as Chief of the Athens-Clarke County Police Department, an agency that solves violent crimes at a …
The Dangerous Intersection Between Race, Class And Stand Your Ground, Lakerri R. Mack, Kristie Roberts-Lewis
The Dangerous Intersection Between Race, Class And Stand Your Ground, Lakerri R. Mack, Kristie Roberts-Lewis
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
The Stand Your Ground (SYG) law has and will likely continue to generate a wealth of controversy and political debate. It derives its historical significance from the Castle doctrine that allows citizens to protect themselves. The aftermath of SYG has led to an increase in justifiable homicides of minority victims. A preliminary analysis of data from FBI Uniform Crime Reports suggests that the race of the victim is the foremost determinant in the outcome of SYG cases where the perpetrator is non-minority. This research will further explore the Castle doctrine and examine SYG laws in Florida where racial tension is …
The Ugly Side Of America: Institutional Oppression And Race, Renita Seabrook, Heather Wyatt-Nichol
The Ugly Side Of America: Institutional Oppression And Race, Renita Seabrook, Heather Wyatt-Nichol
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
This manuscript examines structural racism through a socio-historical context of institutional oppression and its effects on modern society. The epistemological framework of intersectionality is used to focus on the overlap of oppression, structural racism, and implicit bias evident in the stereotypes and perceptions of the African American male population in the United States. Four eras of socio-historical significance are addressed: 1. Foundations of Racial Oppression; 2. Racism: Reconstruction and Jim Crow; 3. Renewal: Civil Rights and Civil Disobedience; 3. Reckoning: Embedded Racism and the Criminal Justice System.
Out Of The Recent Darkness And Into The New Light: Managerial Implications Emerging From The Martin-Zimmerman Encounter, Brian N. Williams, Billy R. Close, Seong C. Kang
Out Of The Recent Darkness And Into The New Light: Managerial Implications Emerging From The Martin-Zimmerman Encounter, Brian N. Williams, Billy R. Close, Seong C. Kang
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
This paper revisits the encounter between George Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin from two perspectives: the co-production of public safety and public order and black crimmythology. Co-production is associated with the expanding and often unpredictable role that community residents, formal and informal communal organizations and nongovernmental institutions play in assisting public agencies in developing and implementing public services (Whitaker 1980; Parks et al. 1981). Black crimmythology is a term used to describe the historical and contemporary conflation of blackness, maleness, and criminality in the mind of the American public (Close 1997). The objectives of this analysis goes beyond ascertaining the guilt, …
Editor's Introduction: The Trayvon Martin-George Zimmerman Encounter And Its Policy Implications, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Editor's Introduction: The Trayvon Martin-George Zimmerman Encounter And Its Policy Implications, Andrew I.E. Ewoh
Journal of Public Management & Social Policy
No abstract provided.