Sports Studies Commons^™

Examining Spectator Attendance: A Comparison Of Major League Soccer To Other Selected Professional Sports Leagues, Jackson Ray

Recreation, Parks, and Tourism Administration

Spectator attendance is a significant indicator of the success of a professional sports league. There are many different factors that can potentially impact spectator attendance rates, including competitive balance, star players, and the stadiums being used. The impacts of these factors on spectator attendance rates differ in various professional sports leagues. Major League Soccer (MLS) started in 1996, and has emphasized creating higher spectator attendance rates. Information on spectator attendance was gathered using a best practices comparison guide. Findings of this study showed that star players positively impact attendance in the MLS and strategies put in place for creating high …

Impact Testing Of Youth-Level Helmets Versus College-Level Helmets, Nicole Hermann

Industrial Technology and Packaging

With so many studies being conducted on professional football players regarding concussions and other related brain injuries, it’s amazing that such an important demographic has been missed. While NFL players are just as subjected to serious injuries as anyone else or even more so, it is important to remember that these players are outfitted, in most cases, with top-of-the-line equipment -- especially their helmets. If the focus is shifted to a younger demographic, youth football players in middle school and high school, the equipment is far less advanced and in a vast majority of cases, has been previously used by …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 37, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Downey, Casey. Sexual Assault Awareness Month Sheds Light on Important Issue
• Brown, Leah. Student Government Association Releases Budget Report
• Mudd, Aaron. Outdoor Recreation Activity Center Helps Students Explore Outdoors
• Brown, Leah. Sigma Chi Aims to Beat Cancer with Annual Fight Night
• Lawson, Anna. Bonner Scholars Provide Books for Youth
• Corum, John. Women Recognized for Their Contributions to Campus
• And the Winner Is . . . – Academy Awards, Entertainment
• Botsford, Jabin. Turn Down for What? – Concerts, Entertainment
• Burton, Kristina. WKU FeelGood Works to End World Hunger
• Burton, Kristina. …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 36, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Rogers, Shelby. Council on Postsecondary Education Supports WKU During Budget Uncertainty
• Burton, Kristina. Whodunit? WKU Theatre & Dance, Music Department Presents Curtains
• Crumbie, Trey. Honors College & International Center Construction to Begin Next Month
• Lawson, Anna. WKU Remembers Inspiring Professor – Lindsey Powell, Anthropology
• Roederer, Anna. WKU International Club Fosters Diversity Through Olympic Games
• Cole, Tanner. Police Academy Hosts Education Program – WKU Police
• Crumbie, Trey. New Director Helps Retention at South Campus – Carlous Yates
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon Athletics Budget vs Other Things
• Knight Commission Numbers Show …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 35, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Rogers, Shelby. Athletics & Academics Gap Totals $25K – Budget
• Burton, Kristina. A Delayed Degree – Non-Traditional Students, Barbara Morrow
• Mathews, Mackenzie. Kentucky’s Graduation Rate Drops in High Schools
• Roederer, Anna. Chef Dishes Out Advice, Nutritious Recipes – Julie Lee
• Holloway, Kae & Keevin Foree. Spring Into Warmer Fashion Trends
• Pait, Ryan. House of Cards Paints the White House Black – Television
• Wolffbrandt, Adam. Just Dance – Theatre & Dance
• Lawson, Anna. Green River Grotto Cleans Hidden River Cave – Spelunking
• Brown, Leah. Gordon Emslie Consults Student Government Association, …

Ua80/1 Meeting Minutes, W Club

University Organizations

Meeting minutes for February 2014 meeting of the W Club Board of Directors.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 34, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Normalizing the Grief: Procedures to Follow After a Student Death
• Harrison, Taylor. Administrators Grapple With Student Death
• Brown, Leah. Fraternity Coming Back to WKU – Phi Delta Theta
• Williams, Joanna. WKU Store Experiences Major Turnover
• Holloway, Kae. Corvette Museum Regroups, Works to Retrieve Cars – Sinkholes
• Mathews, Mackenzie. Center for Financial Success Works to Spread Financial Literacy
• Prochazka, Tyler. Professor’s New Book Delves Into History of Tobacco in Kentucky – Ann Ferrell
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon Students Lose Jobs – Minimum Wage, Budget
• Short Changed: Don’t Let Student Jobs …

The Olympics And The American Press, Richard C. Crepeau

On Sport and Society

With the Winter Olympics finally under way, is it possible that the American journalists, if we can use that term in these circumstances, will be able to write about something other than the failure of Russia to be the United States? Having traveled to Russia multiple times since the collapse of the Soviet Union, I have witnessed the remarkable transformation of this society. Caught in a time warp created by the failure of the Soviet Union, the standard of living of the average Russian trailed behind that of most of Western Europe and the United States. The Soviet Union was …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 33, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Mathews, Mackenzie. International Programs Undergoes Transition
• Holloway, Kae. Corvette Collapse – Corvette Museum, Sinkholes
• Boyd, Kayla. Student Juggles Classwork, Motherhood – Kelsey Luttrell
• Downey, Casey. Alumni Find Success in Marketing Ideas – David Downing, , Derrick Hunt, Josh Hampton, Andrew Sturgill, Yellowberri
• Mudd, Aaron. Sleep Out for Homeless Event Comes to WKU – Phi Beta Sigma
• Conniff, Ben. A Work of Art That Should Stay Lost – Monuments Men
• Holloway, Kae. Experience A New Type of Fashion Therapy
• Clark, Mike. On a Roll – Roller Derby
• Allen, Whitney. Happy …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 32, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Corum, John. New Policy for Changes to Major Discussed – Student Government Association
• Rogers, Shelby. Minimum Wage Bill Adds to Financial Headache – Budget
• Brown, Leah. Mariah’s Set to Move from Historic Building in April
• Rogers, Shelby. WKU Lawsuits Remain Stagnant Over Past Semester – Discrimination, Race, Handicapped Persons
• Crumbie, Trey. SMARTS Think Tank Café Expands Menu, Adds Veggie Options – Dining Services
• Hunton, Ryan. How You Handle Stress Can Impact Your Future
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon WKU Open In Blizzard
• Campus Closure Apparently Not An Option – Winter, …

Russian Olympics, Richard C. Crepeau

On Sport and Society

With the Winter Olympics finally underway is it possible that the American journalists, if we can use that term in these circumstances, will be able to write about something other than the failure of Russia to be the United States? Having traveled to Russia multiple times since the collapse of the Soviet Union, I have witnessed the remarkable transformation of this society. Caught in a time warp created by the failure of the Soviet Union, the standard of living of the average Russian trailed behind that of most of Western Europe and the United States. The Soviet Union was not …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 31, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Allen, Whitney. Life on the Out Side – Cody Cox, Gays, Lesbians
• Mathews, Mackenzie. General Education Changes Coming Fall 2014
• Mathews, Mackenzie. Winter Term Promotes Retention
• Mathews, Mackenzie. Diplomat-In-Residence Plans to Use Experience to Aid Students – Michael McClellan
• French, Jackson. Student-Run Social Media Business Taking Off – Hangout Creative, Blake Blackburn, Joel Nivens
• Boka, Bykeyana. A Welcome Back from Student Government Association President
• Pait, Ryan. The Spell of American Horror Story – Television
• Powers, Brian. In Full Force – Wu-Force, Concerts, Cultural Enhancement Series
• Conniff, Ben. An Actor …

Syria And The Olympics: National Identity On An International Stage, Andrea L. Stanton

Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship

Since its 1946 independence, Syria has fielded a team for every summer Olympic competition except 1956, yet has won only three Olympic medals. In contrast with its smaller, higher-powered neighbor Lebanon, its participation at the Olympics has been consistent but limited, with the country making little impact internationally. Yet the history of Syria’s involvement with the Olympics reflects key elements of its political and social history: its ambitious but short-lived partnership with Egypt, the Baathist-supported promotion of women as athletes and head of the National Olympic Committee, and its commitment to participation in the vexed but ideologically important Pan-Arab Games. …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 30, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Mathews, Mackenzie. Health & Human Services Dean Down to Three Candidates
• Beasecker, Allyson. Elephant in the Room – Cage the Elephant, Concerts
• Crumbie, Trey. Normal Street Gravel Parking Lot to Be Removed – Parking & Transportation Services
• Burton, Kristina. After Year of Work, Queerability Continues to Expand – Kristen Guin, Gays & Lesbians
• Williams, Joann. Cornel West to Highlight Black History Month Events
• Mudd, Aaron. Imagewest Eager to Start Semester with New Director – Jenna Warrenfeltz
• Volt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon Fairness Ordinance
• Branham, Kristi. Disappointed in Thursday’s Photo – …

Super Bowl, Richard C. Crepeau

On Sport and Society

Here we are once again at the most important weekend in American sport. The Super Bowl is Sunday and that means that Americans across the land will create scenes reminiscent of Thorstein Veblen’s classic, The Theory of the Leisure Class. Veblen’s original vocabulary describing the rich of the late 19th century is as appropriate now as it was then. Such phrases as “conspicuous consumption,” “conspicuous waste” and “conspicuous leisure,” seem to have been coined for the Super Bowl.

The Super Bowl, Richard C. Crepeau

On Sport and Society

Here we are once again at the most important weekend in American sport. The Super Bowl is Sunday and that means that Americans across the land will create scenes reminiscent of Thorstein Veblen’s classic, The Theory of the Leisure Class. Veblen’s original vocabulary describing the rich of the late 19th century is as appropriate now as it was then. Such phrases as “conspicuous consumption,” “conspicuous waste” and “conspicuous leisure,” seem to have been coined for the Super Bowl.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 29, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Crumbie, Trey. Grise Elevator Back Up & Operational
• Downey, Casey. Fight or Flight – Active Shooter Protocol, WKU Police
• Rogers, Shelby. Information Technology Policies Await Final Revision
• French, Jackson. Security in Center for Research & Development Parking Lot Heightened Over Break
• Pait, Ryan. Don’t Miss Out on These 2013 TV Gems – Television
• Hughey, Aaron. In America There Is No One Size Fits All
• Powers, Brian. Out of the Box Photo Spread – Jr. Food Stores
• Burton, Kristina. Convenience Store Closing Saddens WKU Community – Jr. Food Stores
• Conniff, …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 28, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Rogers, Shelby. WKU Facing $1.8 Million Budget Cut
• Rogers, Shelby. Regents Tackle Jeff Brohm Contract & Budget Cuts in Friday Meeting
• Parker, Jacob. Ordinance Allows Purchase of Alcohol on Sunday
• Crumbie, Trey. DSU Renovation Reaches Final Phase, Opening in August – Downing University Center
• Mudd, Aaron. WKU Offers Scholarships at Study Abroad Fair
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon Big Red Can’t Reach Higher Education
• Not So Accessible: State Education Should Be Accessible to Potential Students
• Hunton, Ryan. Caring for Our Health Is a Challenge That Connects Us
• Crumbie, Trey. North …

Manhood And Football, Richard C. Crepeau

On Sport and Society

ESPN, the Worldwide Breeder of ludicrous sports programming, reached a new low this week. The Network that brought you the biggest non-event on the annual sports calendar, the NFL draft, and then took it down another notch by televising the announcement of the NFL schedule, outdid itself once again by having a countdown to the unveiling of Mel Kiper’s mock draft. Did anyone care? Is Mel anything more than a parody of himself? Has ESPN totally lost its way? (The correct answers are no, no, and maybe.)

Swimming Up, Meghan O’Connor

Common Reading Essay Contest Winners

Second Place

January 2014, John M. Pfau Library

LBHP Newsletters

LBH Project: 2013 ........... Pg 2

LBH Announces Release of 4th Book ............................ Pg 3

Military Baseball and Recognition Event.. ......... Pg 4

Neighborhoods of Baseball Symposium ....................... Pg 6

Pomona Valley Book ...... Pg 7

The Athletic Profile Of Fast Bowling In Cricket: A Review, James A. Johnstone, Andrew C.S. Mitchell, Gerwyn Hughes, Tim Watson, Paul A. Ford, Andrew T. Garrett

Kinesiology (Formerly Exercise and Sport Science)

Fast bowlers have a vital position in a cricket team and there is an increasing body of scientific literature that has reviewed this role over the last decade. Previous research has tended to focus on biomechanical analysis and injury prevention in performers. However, this paper aims to critically review the emerging contribution of physiological based literature linked to fast bowling in cricket and also highlight the current evidence related to simulated and competitive in-match performance. Furthermore, the review considers limitations with past research and possible avenues for future scientific investigation. It is clear with the advent of new applied mobile …

A Review Of Recent Perspectives On Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, Gerwyn Hughes

Kinesiology (Formerly Exercise and Sport Science)

There is considerable evidence to support a number of biomechanical risk factors associatiated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This paper aimed to review these biomechanical risk factors and highlight future directions relating to them. Current perspectives investigating trunk position and relationships between strength, muscle activity and biomechanics during landing/cutting highlight the importance of increasing hamstring muscle force during dynamic movements through altering strength, muscle activity, muscle length and contraction velocity. In particular, increased trunk flexion during landing/cutting and greater hamstring strength are likely to increase hamstring muscle force during landing and cutting which have been associated with reduced …

A New Method For Ranking Quarterback Fantasy Performance With Assessment Using Distances Between Rankings, Evan Boyd

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Each year around the first week of September, NFL fans are fulfilled with the familiar emotions of watching their team compete for the ultimate prize: Fantasy League Championship. No, the NFL did not rename the Super Bowl. To some, this prize is even more personal than if your favorite childhood NFL team were to win the big game in February. To put it simply, the popularity of fantasy football has grown tremendously over time and the opportunity to best your friends, family, coworkers, whomever it may be that attempts to create the greatest fantasy football roster of all time, absolutely …

2014 Ole Miss Baseball Media Guide, Ole Miss Athletics. Men's Baseball

Men's Baseball

No abstract provided.

Exploring The "Place" Of Sport: The Community Center As A Catalyst For Friendship Of African American Female Athletes, Jennifer Bhalla, Emily J. Houghton

Human Performance Department Publications

No abstract provided.

Tensions Of Violence, Social Harm, And Profit: An Examination Of The National Football League, Jonathan Anthony Felden

Online Theses and Dissertations

The subject of sport and leisure is prominently unchartered territory within criminology. The National Football League provides a unique opportunity for scholarly exploration as the sport is predicated on violence and preserves existing systems of inequality. Stemming from the defining late modern characteristics of risk management and actuarial justice, the topics of injury and harm within the sport have been brought to light by lawsuits against the league claiming that the corporation knew of the dangers of mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI) and actively attempted to subvert this knowledge. This paper employs an amalgamation of theories and research to comprehensively …

Ua12/2/2 2014 Talisman: Reckoning, Part Ii, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

2014 Talisman yearbook.

• Hutchins, Seth. A Cut Above – Chris Page, Barbers
• Rogers, Shelby. Out with the Old – Thompson Science Complex
• Melcher, Jaclyn. East Meets Western – Shima Alessa, Saudi Arabia, International Students
• Swanson, Kayla. Deep End: Tim Slattery – Swimming
• Swanson, Kayla. Tackling Time: Jim Meyer – Football
• Swanson, Kayla. Beyond the Basket: Kami Howard – Basketball, Class of 1986
• Moster, Brittany. Right Kind of Writing – Walker Rutledge, English
• Smith, Mary-Kate. A Bug’s Life – Keith Philips, Biology
• Kirz, Lindsay. Honors with Par – April Butler, Golf
• Belknap, Abby. Setting the Tone – Greek Week, Spring Sing …

Ua19/16/1 Hilltopper Basketball 2014-15 Media Guide, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

2014-15 men's basketball media guide produced by WKU Athletic Media Relations, includes athletic records and statistics, photographs, schedule and information regarding opponents.

Head Impact Exposure In Male And Female Collegiate Ice Hockey Players, Bethany J. Wilcox, Jonathan G. Beckwith, Richard M. Greenwald, Jeffrey J. Chu, Thomas W. Mcallister, Laura A. Flashman, Arthur C. Maerlender, Ann-Christine Duhaime, Joseph J. Crisco

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to quantify head impact exposure (frequency, location and magnitude of head impacts) for individual male and female collegiate ice hockey players and to investigate differences in exposure by sex, player position, session type, and team. Ninety-nine (41 male, 58 female) players were enrolled and 37,411 impacts were recorded over three seasons. Frequency of impacts varied significantly by sex (males: 287 per season, females: 170, p < 0.001) and helmet impact location (p < 0.001) but not by player position (p = 0.088). Head impact frequency also varied by session type; both male and female players sustained more impacts in games than in practices (p < 0.001), however the magnitude of impacts did not differ between session types. There was no difference in 95th percentile peak linear acceleration between sexes (males: 41.6 g, females: 40.8 g), but 95th percentile peak rotational acceleration and HITsp (a composite severity measure) were greater for males than females (4424, 3409 rad/s2, and 25.6, 22.3, respectively). Impacts to the back of the helmet resulted in the greatest 95th percentile peak linear accelerations for males (45.2 g) and females (50.4 g), while impacts to the side and back of the head were associated with the greatest 95th percentile peak rotational accelerations (males: 4719, 4256 rad/sec², females: 3567, 3784 rad/sec², respectively). It has been proposed that reducing an individual’s head impact exposure is a practical approach for reducing the risk of …