Sports Studies Commons^™

The Predictive Effectiveness Of Previous Offensive Play Selections On Future Play Selections In College Football, Ross Michael Els

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The popularity of college football is indisputable. In 1987, over 350 million people attended NCAA football contests which pushed the three year attendance figure from 1985 to 1987 to over one billion. Because of this popularity, however, intense pressure to win has been placed on players, coaches and administrators. To confound the problem, offenses have grown in complexity since the early years of college football. To assist teams in preparing for upcoming opponents, coaching staffs view films of the opponent's previous games. The coaches gather information from the films and develop tendencies in hopes that the upcoming opponent will repeat …

Relationship Between Attempts, Goals Scored, And Time Of Ball Possession In Soccer, Charles Tachie Mensah

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the time of possession of the ball and the frequency of attempts/success at scoring goals in the game of soccer. Each of the 52 matches of the World Cup-- USA 1994 soccer tournament was viewed on video tape. Time of ball possession, attempts made, and success at scoring goals were recorded. The mean, median, and overall times of ball possession were calculated; scoring efficiency, total attempts, and number of ball possessions were determined for each team. A Pearson Product-Moment correlation was employed to ascertain the relationships among the variables …

Field Dependence-Independence And Sports With A Preponderance Of Closed Or Open Skills, Wenhao Liu

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The focus of much research on field dependence-independence in sport settings has been on the relationship of field dependence-independence to sports with a preponderance of closed or open skills since 1970s. Although most of the previous research supported the claim that field dependence is of greater advantage to sports with a preponderance of open skills and field independence an advantage to sports with a preponderance of closed skills, several studies provided inconsistent and contradictory results. In addition, few of those studies involved adequate sports and sample size and some used a different sport classification. Little comparison, if any, of field …

Female Aggression In Semi-Contact Sports, Karla Ann Sipple

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate female aggression in semi-contact sport. More specifically, two areas were examined: the types of aggression, hostile or instrumental, that occurred in girls basketball and soccer and the types of aggression that were committed within both sports. The subjects (N = 57) for this study were female athletes ( ages 15-18) who were sampled from various Midwestern high schools: basketball athletes (n = 32) and soccer athletes (n = 25). Subjects responded to a modified form of the Bredemeier Athletic Aggression Inventory (BAAGI-S). One way ANOVA's indicated non-significant differences for the …

Justifications Of Intentional Aggression In Sport, Joseph Kwame Mintah

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which athletes in selected contact and semi-contact sports commit intentional acts of violence during competition. A second purpose was to determine how athletes justify or rationalize the use of intentional violent behavior. The subjects (N = 85) for this study were all male athletes from one mid-western University (age 18-42): football athletes (n = 31), basketball athletes (n = 12), wrestling athletes (n = 14) and soccer athletes (n = 28). Subjects responded to a modified form of the Bredemeier Athletic Aggression Inventory (BAAGI) and a researcher generated questionnaire …

The Relationship Between Precompetition State Anxiety And Self-Efficacy Among Female Soccer Athletes, Pamela J. Schurott

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and precompetition state anxiety (A-state) in female soccer athletes. University of Colorado and University of Northern Iowa female soccer players (n = 17, n = 13, respectively) served as subjects in the study. Subjects responded to three questionnaires prior to a midseason soccer game. A subject information questionnaire requested personal and background information. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI2) measured cognitive A-state, somatic A-state, and self-confidence. Finally, the Soccer Self-Efficacy Scale (SSES) measured the self-efficacy of each subject regarding her specific soccer skills. UNI subjects also responded to …

Differences In Attributions Between College-Age Female Recreational Players And Scholarship Athletes, Leanne Rae Wagner

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of skill level on the attributions made by recreational players and scholarship athletes. The subjects consisted of volunteers from the general population of St. Ambrose University (n = 11) and the University of Northern Iowa intercollegiate volleyball team (n = 12). The subjects were asked to perform two individual skill tests. The scores from the skill tests were recorded but not used in the analysis. Performance feedback was manipulated to create a ·perception of success in one skill test and failure in the second skill test. After completing each of …

The Effect Of Life Stress On The Athletic Injuries Of Intercollegiate Wrestlers, Hari T. Paizis

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Researchers have been interested in the effect of life stress on athletic injuries for quite some time. Most researchers have shown a definite influence of life stress on injuries in team contact sports. On the other hand investigations dealing with non-contact team or individual sports have reported conflicting results. No research, however, has been done on individual contact sports in relation to the effect of life stress on athletic injury. The present investigation examined the effect of life stress on athletic injuries in two Division I wrestling teams during their respective seasons. The Social Athletic Readjustment Rating Scale (SARRS) was …

The Effects Of Sport Participation On Self-Concept Among Mentally Retarded Adolescent Athletes, Jennifer Denise Brookins

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sport participation on self-concept among mentally retarded adolescent athletes. It was also the intent of this investigation to contribute to an understanding of the relationship between self-concept and sport participation. It was hypothesized that sport participation improves self-concept among mentally retarded adolescent athletes.

Rosenberg's (1962) Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) (cited in Corcoran & Fisher, 1987) was administered to 12 mentally retarded adolescent athletes, aged 13-21. A pretest and posttest was given to the participants. Only 10 of the original 12 participants completed the posttest. The study was completed with 5 …

The Effects Of Ingested Carbonation On Oxygen Transport And Ventilation In Trained Distance Runners, Stacy Jean Ingraham

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of consumption of carbonated beverages on maximal aerobic capacity, as measured by maximal oxygen consumption (VO2MAX), and respiratory physiology, as measured by ventilation frequency (f), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen and carbon dioxide (O2VE, co2VE), expired minute ventilation (VE), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and tidal volume (VT).

Thirteen male high school, collegiate and post collegiate distance runners from the local community performed two maximal treadmill tests exactly one week apart, following two different fluid ingestion treatments. The subjects were randomly assigned to a carbonated beverage or noncarbonated …

Differences In Trait Competitiveness Between Girls’ Basketball Starters And Non-Starters At The Junior High And High School Level, Julie Ann Kemp

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences ln trait competitiveness between girls' basketball starters and non-starters at the junior high and high school level. The study was designed to test the hypotheses that high school girls' basketball players would have higher levels of competitiveness than junior high school basketball players; that there would be no difference in the trait competitiveness scores between girls' basketball starters and non-starters; and, that there would be no difference in the trait competitiveness scores of starters and non-starters at either the junior high or high school level.

The subjects (N …

A Comparison Of Locus Of Control Between High School Athletes Who Experienced Burnout And Those Who Did Not, Mary Elizabeth Smith Griffin

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to compare the locus of control between those individuals who indicated they had terminated their high school athletic participation because of burnout and those who did not. It was hypothesized that athletes who dropped out of sport due to burnout would have a higher external locus of control (individuals who perceive that outside factors control their lives) as compared to those who did not. Students (N = 189) who were enrolled in required wellness classes at the University of Northern Iowa served as the subjects for this study. Based on data collected from a …

A Comparison Of The Accuracy Of Two Volleyball Forearm Passing Techniques, Vonda Mae Broek

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the linear and non-linear forearm passing techniques used to recieve [sic] the serve in volleyball. A subproblem was to determine the extent to which each technique was used among selected NCAA Division I universities. The research design was causal comparative. The study sought to determine the relative effectiveness of the non-linear and linear serve reception techniques in passing accurately to a prescribed target area. Ten NCAA Division I universities provided twenty videotaped volleyball matches. The type and accuracy of the serve reception pass was observed and tallied. Passes were …

Trait Competitiveness Of Starters And Non-Starters In N.C.A.A. Division I Basketball, Curtis Harold Gunnink

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine trait competitiveness in N.C.A.A. Division I male basketball players to determine if a significant difference could be found between starters and non-starters. It was hypothesized that players that usually start (starters) a game will have higher trait competitiveness scores than players that usually do not start (non-starters) a game.

The design of this research project was quasi-experimental. The independent variable was whether the subject was a starter or a nonstarter on a N.C.A.A. Division I basketball team. The dependent variable was trait competitiveness as measured by the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) (Gill …

A Survey Of Administrative Practices And Policies Among Ncaa Division Iii Football Programs, Robert B. Nielson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine and describe selected administrative practices and policies in the areas of staffing, recruiting, and budgeting for NCAA Division III football programs. Subproblems inherent in this study were (a) to compare these practices and policies according to the institutions size and (b) to compare these practices and policies according to the football program's winning percentage over the last 5 years.

A questionnaire was sent to all 202 programs who participated in NCAA Division III football during the 1985 season. One hundred fifteen institutions completed and returned the questionnaire. The questionnaire obtained specific information …

A Survey Of The Pre-Season Conditioning Program Of Men’S Basketball Programs At Selected Ncaa Division I Universities, Scott Richard Williams

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to describe the different components of the pre-season conditioning program of men's basketball programs at selected NCAA Division I universities in the United States. The universities chosen for this study included the top 100 ranked teams in the final 1988 Dunkel computer basketball rankings. The average won-loss record of the participating universities in this study for the 1988 season was 23-10.

A questionnaire was constructed that included sections on general background information, conditioning and running components, strength conditioning components, and flexibility conditioning components. This questionnaire was used as the tool for collecting data. Of …

A Comparative Study Of The One-Handed And Two-Handed Backhand Strokes In Tennis, Deborah Kathleen Stetson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the one-handed and the two-handed backhand strokes in tennis skill performance of beginning junior high students. Skill in the two backhand strokes was measured by performance on the Revised Breer-Miller Backhand Drive Test with Ball-Boy Modification. Fifty-four female seventh- and eighth-grade students from Malcolm Price Laboratory School were selected as subjects. Each class was randomly assigned to either Group A or Group Band administered the Revised Dyer Backboard Tennis Test used to classify students as beginners. The seventh-grade class was given instruction in the twohanded backhand stroke and the …