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2008

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Articles 151 - 180 of 308

Full-Text Articles in Social Work

Issues Regarding The Peruvian Maternal And Child Healthcare System, Patrick Cassidy May 2008

Issues Regarding The Peruvian Maternal And Child Healthcare System, Patrick Cassidy

Social Work Theses

This paper highlights the deficiencies of the Peruvian Healthcare system. Despite the treaties and covenants the Peruvian government has signed, it has done little to mitigate the ills of its broken healthcare system. Peru’s current healthcare system is characterized by inequality between women, children, the poor and the wealthy. Furthermore, there is a lack of accessibility to maternal and child healthcare services that violates every individual’s right to health. The Peruvian government has been unresponsive towards the needs of women, children, and rural culture. Ineffective non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been incapable of alleviating Peru’s broken system. Additionally, Peru has not …

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The Role Of Elementary School Physical Activity In Combating Childhood Obesity, Bridget Freeman May 2008

The Role Of Elementary School Physical Activity In Combating Childhood Obesity, Bridget Freeman

Social Work Theses

Childhood obesity is currently on the rise because of the lack of emphasis on physical activity, overeating and malnutrition; it has especially been escalating in children of low income families. Physical education and recess in elementary and high schools are being eliminated or reduced as the requirements of the “No Child Left Behind Act”. This study compared the opportunities available to exercise in eleven low income, medium income, high income, and private elementary schools hypothesizing that low Socioeconomic status children may be at greater risk due to the cost of healthy food, neighborhood safety, and issues restricting at home physical …

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The Contributing Factors To Student Absenteeism/Truancy And The Effectiveness Of Social Services And Interventions, Courtney Hocking May 2008

The Contributing Factors To Student Absenteeism/Truancy And The Effectiveness Of Social Services And Interventions, Courtney Hocking

Social Work Theses

One major issue that schools are currently facing and seeing little or no improvement with is effectively dealing with student absenteeism and truancy. Despite early interventions, programs are still failing to effectively motivate students to attend school. This research study examines the success of an implementation of a perfect attendance award within an elementary school to increase student attendance. An examination of student attendance from the 2006-2007 academic year and from the 2007-2008 academic year, suggested that the perfect attendance certificate distributed monthly to students with no absences for that month is a positive motivator for students to attend school …

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Confronting Death: Co-Infection With Hiv/Aids And Hepatitis C, Ian Parker May 2008

Confronting Death: Co-Infection With Hiv/Aids And Hepatitis C, Ian Parker

Social Work Theses

This paper discusses a qualitative study completed by the researcher revealing the need for assistance for people living with a co-infection of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C. It is the role of a social worker to assist this at-risk population. Services must be made available to those co-infected, including courses on end of life coping skills, substance abuse, stigma, and depression and anxiety. Included in this article is a study that documents qualitative data from clients at a Drop-in Center in Providence, Rhode Island for people living with HIV/AIDS. The data proved inconclusive with regards to co-infection and death and dying, …

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Bullying In The Elementary And Middle School Levels, Caitrin O’Rourke May 2008

Bullying In The Elementary And Middle School Levels, Caitrin O’Rourke

Social Work Theses

Bullying can be defined as deliberately hurting someone emotionally or physically. Although bullying is a serious issue, at times, it is instigated by overprotective parents or the lack of resiliency in students. This research study, using pre-tests, a PowerPoint presentation and a book on bullying, and post-tests, was conducted in order to determine whether or not a presentation on bullying could educate students about bullying and assist in preventing it in the future. Findings indicate that an educational presentation on bullying did educate elementary school students on bullying (p<.05) but did not educate middle school students (p>.05). Findings also indicate that a presentation on bullying does not …

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Practitioner Perceptions And Experiences With Evidence-Based Practice In The Practice Setting, Stephanie J. Hamm May 2008

Practitioner Perceptions And Experiences With Evidence-Based Practice In The Practice Setting, Stephanie J. Hamm

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

Evidence-based practice (EBP) in the profession of social work is a current concern in the response to a need to be accountable to the profession, clients, and the broader society. This approach to practice, introduced by the medical profession, includes researching and seeking research on interventions for practice that have been supported in previous findings. The purpose is to create the opportunity to offer the best practice interventions to client systems, in micro or macro practice. The current focus in social work is the question of implementation into practice and higher education, if indeed, EBP is a shift in the …

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Examining Ecological Factors To Form A Macro Model For Working With Impoverished African American Neighborhoods, Ebony Ladawn Hall May 2008

Examining Ecological Factors To Form A Macro Model For Working With Impoverished African American Neighborhoods, Ebony Ladawn Hall

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This social science study examines three ecological factors (geographical, institutional, and social) of impoverished African American neighborhoods, while also assessing the differences of poor neighborhoods with lower amounts of poverty and those with higher amounts of poverty. Twelve of the poorest neighborhoods in Mobile and Prichard, Alabama were included in the study. The ecological factors included 1) geographical variables determined by the average age of the homes in neighborhood, number of hazardous areas, the number of unoccupied units, and the structural integrity of the neighborhood, 2) institutional variables determined by the number of operating businesses, churches, medical facilities, social organization, …

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The Effects Of Perceived Racial Discrimination On Interparental Conflict And Child Emotional Adjustment In White, Hispanic, And Black Families., Kim Lashawn Rich-Rice May 2008

The Effects Of Perceived Racial Discrimination On Interparental Conflict And Child Emotional Adjustment In White, Hispanic, And Black Families., Kim Lashawn Rich-Rice

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This study examined the effects of perceived racial discrimination on interparental conflict and child emotional adjustment in a sample of White, Hispanic, and Black adults. Through the utilization of data from the United Way of Metropolitan Tarrant County (UWMTC) Community Needs Survey, this secondary analysis was based on a comprehensive literature review and principles of stress and coping, social learning, and emotional security perspectives. Exploratory factor analysis was used as a validation technique for the constructs of Interparental Conflict and Child Emotional Adjustment, which were criterion variables in the study. T-tests examined the differences between interparental conflict and child emotional …

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Social Capital: The Missing Link Between Hiv/Aids Knowledge, Attitudes, And Related Behaviors Among Young Women In Tanzania, Mioara Diaconu May 2008

Social Capital: The Missing Link Between Hiv/Aids Knowledge, Attitudes, And Related Behaviors Among Young Women In Tanzania, Mioara Diaconu

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of various social capital predictor variables (e.g., human, family, emotional, physical, economic, community and educational social capital) on sexually transmitted infections (STI), HIV/AIDS, sexual and risky behavior knowledge, and attitudes towards people living with AIDS (PLA) among young people (ages 16-24) in Tanzania. This research also looks at the relationship between participants' STI and HIV/AIDS knowledge and their individual characteristics (age, sex, and education). The study also explores any statistically significant differences between young women's and young men's STI, HIV/AIDS, sexual and risky behavior knowledge and attitudes toward people …

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Evaluating The Relationship Between Collaborative Therapist Behaviors, Homework Adherence, And Treatment Outcome In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Christina Rose Thomas May 2008

Evaluating The Relationship Between Collaborative Therapist Behaviors, Homework Adherence, And Treatment Outcome In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Christina Rose Thomas

Social Work Theses - Archive

The use of homework assignments is considered an integral part of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Although homework adherence has been shown to contribute to treatment outcome for depression, little research has been conducted which successfully identifies therapist characteristics which may facilitate homework adherence. Although therapeutic collaboration is referenced in clinical literature as a method of facilitating homework, no empirical investigation documents the extent to which therapeutic collaboration facilitates homework adherence. The following study proposes to test the extent to which therapeutic collaboration facilitates homework adherence and treatment outcome, and to further validate the positive relationship between homework adherence and treatment …

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Accessing Substance Abuse Treatment: Issues For Parents Involved With Child Welfare Services, Anna Rockhill, Beth L. Green, Linda Newton-Curtis May 2008

Accessing Substance Abuse Treatment: Issues For Parents Involved With Child Welfare Services, Anna Rockhill, Beth L. Green, Linda Newton-Curtis

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The complex issues associated with barriers to treatment entry for parents who are involved with child welfare has not been well explored. Accessing timely treatment is now critical for these parents since the introduction of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997, limiting the time until a permanency decision is made. Using a longitudinal, qualitative approach, substance-abusing parents from 15 families, their relevant family members, and service providers were interviewed approximately every 3 months over an 18-month period. The experiences of these parents add to our knowledge of the unique barriers this population faces, and expands our understanding of …

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Teaching Icwa Online: Undergraduate Child Welfare Student Learning, Paul Force-Emery Mackie, Mackenzie Collin Apr 2008

Teaching Icwa Online: Undergraduate Child Welfare Student Learning, Paul Force-Emery Mackie, Mackenzie Collin

Social Work Department Publications

The "ICWA Online" class was developed to provide a critical learning experience to Title IV-E students who will likely work with Native American children and families sometime in their careers and social workers. This presentation is designed to outline and show how we are attempting to do this using current technology and platforms - to keep the promise established by ICWA 30 years ago... Today.

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Issues In Religion And Psychotherapy, Volume 32, Issue 1, 2008, Issues In Religion And Psychotherapy Apr 2008

Issues In Religion And Psychotherapy, Volume 32, Issue 1, 2008, Issues In Religion And Psychotherapy

Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy

No abstract provided.

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Gambaran Korban Dalam Menghadapi Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, Farida Hayati Tobri, Dini Widinarsih Apr 2008

Gambaran Korban Dalam Menghadapi Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, Farida Hayati Tobri, Dini Widinarsih

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

Domestic violence is a social problem which has multiple causes and complex This research has founds that there are variety of domestic violence backgrounds, the intent of violence, the form of domestic violence, the impact of violence for women, and also the effort to ends domestic violence

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Key Competences And Academic Achievement In Mexican High School Technological Education, Jose Antonio Arevalo-Deleon Apr 2008

Key Competences And Academic Achievement In Mexican High School Technological Education, Jose Antonio Arevalo-Deleon

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

The general purpose of the study was to determine the relation between key competences and academic achievement in technological high school students in the state of Nuevo Leon. This dissertation was based in the contributions and investigations made from the approach of one of the contemporary theories of human capital. Human capital is the result of three fundamental aspects, recognized in the contemporary literature as key competences. These key competences are language, formal reasoning and mathematical skills. This study was a secondary data analysis. The dependant variable was academic achievement, represented by the GPA. The independent variables were the key …

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Community Organizations' Involvement In School Safety Planning: Does It Make A Difference In School Violence?, Joy D. Patton Apr 2008

Community Organizations' Involvement In School Safety Planning: Does It Make A Difference In School Violence?, Joy D. Patton

Social Work Theses - Archive

It is highly suggested by researchers, authors and government entities that schools involve community organizations in school safety planning and the development of safety strategies. However, there are no known studies suggesting the effectiveness of this involvement. This study investigated community organizations involvement in school safety planning as a predictor of serious violent incidents using a regression analysis. In block one, law enforcement involvement in school safety planning was the only significant predictor of serious violent incidents (p < .05). Law enforcement organizations had showed a negative relationship with serious violent incidents (t= -2.994). When law enforcement organizations were involved in school safety planning, there were lower numbers of serious violent incidents. In block two, when adding school characteristics (size, location and racial distribution) to the model, law enforcement involvement continues to be a significant predictor of serious violent incidents (p < .05) and still having a negative relationship (t = -2.058). School size (t = 7.736, p < .01), school location (t= -3.386, p < .01) and racial distribution (t = 4.125, p < .01) were also significant predictors of serious violent incidents. In block three of the regression model, violence prevention and intervention variables were added. The results of this analysis shows that law enforcement is no longer a significant predictor of violence (t= -1.829, p > .05). In this model it can be seen that prevention variables related to student surveillance was a significant predictor of serious violence …

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Abuse, Trauma, And Social Bonding In The Etiology Of Female Delinquency, Louis Dwayne Laster Apr 2008

Abuse, Trauma, And Social Bonding In The Etiology Of Female Delinquency, Louis Dwayne Laster

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

The study was designed to examine the ability of social bonding and abuse variables in explaining the phenomena of female delinquency. An existing data source, the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, provided information-rich data regarding female delinquents from nine primary sampling units located in the North American mid-west. The data was collected from a total of 5,501 youth between 1999 and 2002. A total of 2,587 females participated in the study, and 280 female delinquents (n=280) from wave 1 were studied in this analysis. The purpose of the study was to examine the theoretical frameworks of girls' survival …

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An Ecological Systems Theory Approach In Looking At Mental Health Care Barriers In The Latino Community, Iran Barrera Apr 2008

An Ecological Systems Theory Approach In Looking At Mental Health Care Barriers In The Latino Community, Iran Barrera

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This study is an analysis of the association between mental healthcare barriers at the microsystem level using an ecological systems theory and key demographic variables among Latinos 18 years of age and older residing in the U.S. The analysis is based on a multi-stratified random sample collected in 2005 from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The 2005 NSDUH primary principle is to measure the occurrences of drug use in the United States; however, the survey …

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The Social Capital Effect In Nonprofit Human Service Organizations: An Examination Of Potential Outcomes Of Organizational Social Capital Related To Effectiveness, Delissa Garcia Nuno Apr 2008

The Social Capital Effect In Nonprofit Human Service Organizations: An Examination Of Potential Outcomes Of Organizational Social Capital Related To Effectiveness, Delissa Garcia Nuno

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

The study provided for a more complete understanding of social capital theory and its applicability to nonprofit human service organizations (NPHSOs). The initial analysis included an examination of potential outcomes of social capital (e.g., human capital, financial capital, volunteerism, and program effectiveness); and secondly, the study examined possible mediating effects between social capital and program effectiveness in NPHSOs, while controlling for demographic differences. Primary data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed to a sample of NPHSOs, United Way partner agencies in the eight most populated regions in the State of Texas. The survey response rate, after attrition resulted in …

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Program Mitigasi Bagi Anak Terpapar Hiv/Aids, Fentiny Nugroho Apr 2008

Program Mitigasi Bagi Anak Terpapar Hiv/Aids, Fentiny Nugroho

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

Mitigation services for children living with HIV/ AIDS who have done such as health and psychosocial services for children and also training and financial assistance for economic improvement for the child's parent Especially psychosocial services for children, not all agencies provide this service, so it's a service aspect that still needs to be developed. Mitigation model that has been done in general is family-based care, while community-based have limitations because there still exists the stigma from society. In implementation, the mitigation program experienced a number of obstacles, besides there is also a supporting factor

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Types And Measurement Of Poverty In Australia, Isbandi Rukminto Adi Apr 2008

Types And Measurement Of Poverty In Australia, Isbandi Rukminto Adi

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

During Millennium Summit 2000 the United Nations (UN) has declared the Millennium Development Goals. The UN acknowledges the importance of poverty problems. The first goal of MDGs is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger The declaration also mentioned that proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day and people who suffer from hunger should decrease by half in 25 years (from 1990 to 2015) Related to poverty problems The 8th goal of MDGs is to develop a global partnership for development Global Partnership, in this case, could be seen by giving opportunities for people from developing …

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Kebijakan Hiv/Aids Dan Prevention Mother To Child Transmision (Pmtct) Di Indonesia, Triyanti Anugrahini Apr 2008

Kebijakan Hiv/Aids Dan Prevention Mother To Child Transmision (Pmtct) Di Indonesia, Triyanti Anugrahini

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

The various policies which related to HIV/AIDS in Indonesia is continue to be developed in line with the increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia since the cases were first found in 1987 By using the framework of a retrospective policy analysis (analysis of policy), this paper will review the formulation of the policy and its contents, seen from several dimensions that are interconnected with one another, ie the contents of the policy (content), national and international contextual conditions (context), policy-making (process) and the actors that play the role and influence in the policy-making (actors) Policy analysis is described based …

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Pemahaman Bullying Di Sekolah, Fitriyah Fitriyah Apr 2008

Pemahaman Bullying Di Sekolah, Fitriyah Fitriyah

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

This research was conducted to determine the understanding of the concept of bullying from the teachers, students and the perpetrator, the victim's parent and also the efforts to prevent bullying and the constraints to eliminate bullying in schools. This research was conducted with qualitative research approach and descriptive research with research sites in SMUN in South Jakarta. The survey results revealed that the school including teachers, perpetrators and victims of bullying and parents do not understand about bullying which is still a lot of bullying occurred at school However the school has sought to minimize with various efforts such as …

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Homosexuality And The U.S. Military: A Study Of Homosexual Identity And Choice Of Military Service, G. Dean Sinclair Apr 2008

Homosexuality And The U.S. Military: A Study Of Homosexual Identity And Choice Of Military Service, G. Dean Sinclair

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

The Department of Defense policy regarding homosexuals allows gays and lesbians to join without requiring them to divulge their sexual orientation. However, just as in previous versions of the military's homosexual policies, the current Don't Ask, Don't Tell version continues to make it clear that gay men and lesbians are not welcome. The policy excludes persons (homosexuals) whose presence in the armed forces would create an unacceptable risk to its high standards of morale, good order, discipline, and unit cohesion (US Code 654, 1993). The purpose of this study was to examine and gain an understanding of those homosexuals who …

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Meditation, Christian Values And Psychotherapy, Kristin L. Hansen, Dianne Nielsen, Mitchell Harris Apr 2008

Meditation, Christian Values And Psychotherapy, Kristin L. Hansen, Dianne Nielsen, Mitchell Harris

Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy

In recent decades meditation has been studied in the psychotherapy literature and incorporated into psychotherapy treatments (see Walsh & Shapiro, 2006, for review). As therapists who find meditation compatible with our Christian-based treatment approach, we have struggled to describe the integration of meditation and psychotherapy. In this article we first describe what meditation is, then consider its mechanisms of change, use in therapy or as a complement to therapy, and utility for therapists. The authors believe, consistent with Richards and Bergin’s (1997) view, that meditation is a spiritual intervention that can be used in theistically framed therapy. Ongoing research continues …

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Professional Burnout: Are Social Workers As Crispy As We Think?, Paul Force-Emery Mackie Mar 2008

Professional Burnout: Are Social Workers As Crispy As We Think?, Paul Force-Emery Mackie

Social Work Department Publications

This presentation focuses on burnout among social workers. The presentation will include historical and empirical information, findings from current research on the topic, and suggestions for identifying and managing burnout.

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Social Security Privatization: An Ideologically Structured Movement, Judie Svihula, Carroll L. Estes Mar 2008

Social Security Privatization: An Ideologically Structured Movement, Judie Svihula, Carroll L. Estes

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

We document the cumulative change in expressions of support for Social Security's social insurance ideals to privatization,from the late 1970s through 2007. Social Security's basic structure and principles generally were supported by the United States government and in amendments to the original Act of 1935. However, in the 1980s market arguments began to proliferate in government alongside pension privatization projects by international governmental organizations and conservative think tanks. Although in 1983 Commission members concluded "the Social Security system is sound in principle.. and... structure," four members wrote a supplemental statement that emphasized market rationalism. By 1994 dissension in Congress was …

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The Illusion Of Change, The Politics Of Illusion: Evolution Of The Family Support Act Of 1988, Luisa S. Deprez Mar 2008

The Illusion Of Change, The Politics Of Illusion: Evolution Of The Family Support Act Of 1988, Luisa S. Deprez

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The enactment of the Family Support Act was the outcome of a six-year legislative and administrative review of, and debate about, welfare policy and programs. Heralded as the opportunity of the century, it did little, however, to alter existing policy. This article examines the evolution of the Family Support Act within the United States Congress, spotlighting two important time periods leading up to its enactment: 1981 to 1985 and 1986 to 1988. Original documentsfroin the files of the late Senator Moynihan, legislative sponsor of the Family Support Act, as well as a comprehensive investigation of Congressional records of hearings and …

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Social Work In The Workfare Regime: A Comparison Of The U.S. And Australia, Catherine Mcdonald, Michael Reisch Mar 2008

Social Work In The Workfare Regime: A Comparison Of The U.S. And Australia, Catherine Mcdonald, Michael Reisch

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Australia and the U.S. are both liberal welfare states. During the past quarter century, they have begun the transition from a welfare to a workfare state, albeit at different rates and through different paths. Social work developed in each country in ways congruent with the local liberal welfare state, and as such, has been destabilized by the transition to the workfare regime. Drawing on neo-institutional theory and extant empirical research in other professionalized fields, the paper suggests that this transition can be understood as an aspect of institutional change. By comparing the developments in two similar, yet difterent nations, this …

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When Does Public Opinion Matter?, Jennifer L. Christian Mar 2008

When Does Public Opinion Matter?, Jennifer L. Christian

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The landmark 1996 reform to Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) provides an opportunity to study processes of welfare reform in the United States. A potential factor behind the transformation of AFDC is public opinion, possibly in the form of changes in attitudes among politically relevant groups. This study will evaluate this thesis, focusing on attitudinal changes between partisan identifiers. Most data suggest the American public may have been critical of welfare programs prior to the 1996 reform. However, the extent of these criticisms generally varies depending on who is asked, how questions are worded and the type of …

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