Social Work Commons^™

The Potential Impact Of Gender Role Socialization On Welfare Policy Formation, Magalene Harris Taylor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper addresses a five year welfare reform pilot project conducted at the state level. The outcome of research findings for this project indicate that factors other than the obvious are barriers to women choosing work over welfare. Gender role socialization may play an active and very significant role in this process. The reality of which may inhibit welfare reform efforts at the state and national levels.

Grandma's Babies: The Problem Of Welfare Eligibility For Children Raised By Relatives, Rebecca L. Hegar, Maria Scannapieco

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article provides a brief history of children raised by relatives and examines the welfare eligibility of these families, emphasizing changes under the Personal Responsibility & Work Opportunity Act of 1996 (PR&WOA). The revolution in public welfare places many care-giving relatives atfinancial risk. Depending on their states' plans for implementing the PR& WOA, children and their relative caregivers may lose state support. The article presents the social welfare policy responses of a number of states to the problems of kinship care-giving, formal kinship foster care, the PR&WOA, and other social welfare provisions. Unintended consequences of welfare reform are highlighted.

Review Of World's Apart: Why Poverty Persists In Rural America. Cynthia Duncan. Reviewed By William Rainford, University Of California, Berkely., William Rainford

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Cynthia Duncan, World's Apart: Why Poverty Persists in Rural America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999. $27.50 hardcover.

Review Of Managing To Make It: Urban Families And Adolescent Success. Frank Furstenberg Jr., Thomas D. Cook, Jacquelynne Eccles, Glen H. Elder Jr., And Arnold Sameroff. Reviewed By Deborah Page-Adams, University Of Kansas., Deborah Page-Adams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Managing to Make it: Urban Famlies and Adolescent Success. Frank Furstenberg Jr., Thomas D. Cook, Jacquelynne Eccles, Glen H. Elder Jr., and Arnold Sameroff. Reviewed by Deborah Page-Adams, University of Kansas.

Review Of Disposable People: New Slavery In The Global Economy. Kevin Bales. Reviewed By Jo Beall,London School Of Economics., Jo Beall

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Kevin Bales, Disposable people: New Slavery in the Global Economy. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1999. $24.95 hardcover.

Review Of Healing Communities In Conflict: International Assistance In Complex Emergencies. Kimberly A. Maynard. Reviewed By Nancy Farwell, University Of Washington., Nancy Farwell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Kimberly A. Maynard, Healing Communities in Conflict: International Assistance in Complex Emergencies. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999. $27.50 hardcover.

The Strengths Of African American Families: 25 Years Later. Robert B. Hill.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Robert B. Hill, The Strengths of African American Families: 25 Years Later. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1999. $49.00 hardcover, $19.50 papercover.

Lives On The Line: American Families And The Struggle To Make Ends Meet. Martha Shirk, Neil G. Bennett And J. Lawrence Aber.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Martha Shirk, Neil G. Bennett and J. Lawrence Aber, Lives on the Line: American Families and the Struggle to Make Ends Meet, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999. $24.00 hardcover.

Family Group Conferencing In Child Welfare: Lessons From A Demonstration Project, Yvonne Unrau

Social Work Faculty Publications

A child-welfare family group conferencing (FGC) project that served families who were referred for child abuse, neglect, and/or abandonment issues is reported. The stages and mechanisms used to implement the family group conferences are described, and the conferencing processes and outcomes are presented.

Tanf Policy Implementation: The Invisible Barrier, Roberta Rehner Iversen

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Barriers to participation in welfare-to-work programs are generally described in terms of human and social capital. Findings from case examination of four Philadelphia-areaw elfare-to-work programs under TANF suggest that theory about policy implementation is more applicable. Faulty policy logic, organizational and personnel incompetence, and inadequate coordination between and within funding, referral, program, and employer organizations regularly resulted in delayed program start-ups and strained program operations. Generally invisible and absent from research attention, these implementation delays and strains impeded program staff efforts and harmed TANF recipients. States' 24-month time limit policies are a critical target for advocacy efforts.

The Spatial Shift In The Growth Of Poverty Among Families Headed By Employed Females, 1979-89, W. Richard Goe, Anisa Rhea

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The number of working poor families in the United States increased substantially during the 1979-89 period. This increase was found to disproportionately consist of families headed by employed females. The growth in poverty among families headed by employed females during this period was found to be nonstructural in nature and inequitably distributed across labor markets in the U.S. It was found that at the onset of the 1980s, high rates of poverty among families headed by employed females were predominantly concentrated in labor market areas in the South. Over the 1980s, the highest increases in poverty rates among such families …

Exploitation-The Invisible Hand Guided By A Blind Eye: Confronting A Flaw In Economic Theory, Phillip Dybicz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Economics is alone among the social science disciplines in failing to have a sound theory to explain behaviors when people do not act according to their self-interest, that is, with compassion. This has resulted in a fundamental flaw in economic thought. As economies have grown in scale and complexity, there has been a corresponding distancing between consumers and producers. This flaw has revealed itself through a lack of economic structures which bridge this distance, restore a level of intimacy within the economic interaction, and hence facilitate the expression of compassion.

Do Inner-City, African-American Males Exhibit "Bad Attitudes" Toward Work?, Jill Littrell, Elizabeth Beck

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Many potential employers of inner-city African-American men believe that African-American men have poor work attitudes. The investigations reported here attempted to evaluate the veridicality of this assumption. The responses of African-American men who utilize a soup-kitchen were compared with college men on a variety of attitude measures, as well as on their reactions to a scenario about a man who worked for an unfair boss and quit in response. Generally, little support for the view that innercity, African-Americans men have a predilection to presume prejudice or unfairness, or to render a favorable evaluation of quitting under unfair conditions, was found.

Racial And Gender Variations In The Process Shaping Earnings' Potential: The Consequences Of Poverty In Early Adulthood, C. Andri Mizell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This research investigates the effects of poverty in early adulthood on future earnings. While social scientists are beginning to amass a considerable literature on the effects of poverty on outcomes for children, few have investigated the damage that impoverishment may do in early adulthood when individuals are in the midst of completing education and planning careers. The findings in this study indicate that poverty does dampen earnings' potential. However, individual characteristics (e.g., aspirations, esteem and ability) and structural location (e.g., educational attainment, occupational status and job tenure) may assuage the otherwise negative effects of poverty. Other findings reveal that the …

The Impact Of Education And Family Attributes On Attitudes And Responses To Unemployment Among Men And Women, Liat Kulik

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The study deals with differences between jobless Israeli women (n = 361) and men (n = 253) in relation to the following aspects of unemployment: Reasons for rejecting potential jobs, job search intensity, and responses to unemployment. The women mentioned more reasons for rejecting potential jobs, and their health-related responses to unemployment were more extreme than those of the men. However, the men tended to seekemployment more intensively than did the women.

Married respondents of both sexes showed the greatest tendency to reject potential employment due to conflict with family responsibilities. Married women were also more likely than their male …

Review Of Kids Raised By The Government. Ira M. Schwartz And Gideon Fishman. Reviewed By Sherrill Clark, University Of California, Berkeley., Sherrill Clark

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Ira M. Schwartz and Gideon Fishman, Kids Raised by the Government. Westport, CT:Praeger Publishers, 1999. $49.95 hardcover.

Review Of Group Work With Overwhelmed Clients. June Gary Hopps And Elaine Pinderhughes. Reviewed By Charles Garvin, University Of Michigan., Charles Garvin

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of June Gary Hopps and Elaine Pinderhughes. Group Work with Overwhelmed Clients. New York: The Free Press, 1999. $29.95

Illusions Of Prosperity: America's Working Families In An Age Of Economic Insecurity. Joel Blau.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Joel Blau, Illusions of Prosperity: America's Working Families in an Age of Economic Insecurity. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. # 30.00 hardcover.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 27, No. 2 (June 2000)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• DO INNER-CITY, AFRICAN-AMERICAN MALES EXHIBIT "BAD ATTITUDES" TOWARD WORK? - Jill Littrell & Elizabeth Beck
• EXPLOITATION-THE INVISIBLE HAND GUIDED BY A BLIND EYE: CONFRONTING A FLAW IN ECONOMIC THEORY - Phillip Dybicz
• WORK AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES AFTER WELFARE - Thomas P. Vartanian & Justine M. McNamara
• THE SPATIAL SHIFT IN THE GROWTH OF POVERTY AMONG FAMILIES HEADED BY EMPLOYED FEMALES, 1979-89 - W. Richard Goe & Anisa Rhea
• CONFLICTING BUREAUCRACIES, CONFLICTED WORK: DILEMMAS IN CASE MANAGEMENT FOR HOMELESS PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS - Linda E. Francis
• RACIAL AND GENDER VARIATIONS IN THE PROCESS SHAPING EARNINGS' POTENTIAL: THE …

Work And Economic Outcomes After Welfare, Thomas P. Vartanian, Justine M. Mcnamara

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using data from the 1969 to 1993 Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this article examines a number of models to determine the characteristics of AFDC recipients who fare well economically after they initially leave the welfare system. The study includes analyses of income levels, time spent employed and not employed, and time spent below the poverty line. Hypotheses regarding state welfare payments, area economic conditions, human capital and time spent receiving welfare are examined. The findings indicate that area employment conditions and the ability to quickly find work greatly affect the likelihood of faring well economically after welfare. We found …

Conflicting Bureaucracies, Conflicted Work: Dilemmas In Case Management For Homeless People With Mental Illness, Linda E. Francis

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This ethnographic study finds a case management agency torn between the rules of two conflicting bureaucracies. Funded by a federal grant, the agency is administered by the county, and the regulations of the two systems turn out to be incompatible. This conflict creates dilemmas in providing services to clients: meeting eligibility criteria for services from the federal grant meant the clients did not meet the eligibility criteria for many County services. Agency staff reacted to this dilemma by bending rules, finding loopholes, and investing extra time and emotional labor in each client. The role-conflict engendered by bureaucratic disjunction creates frustration, …

Review Of Social Security In Global Perspective. John Dixon. Reviewed By Paul Terrell, University Of California, Berkeley., Paul Terrell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of John Dixon, Social Security in Global Perspective. Westport, Ct: Praeger Publishers, 1999. $69.50 hardcover, $27.95 papercover.

Review Of The Internet And Technology For The Human Services. Howard Karger And Joanne Levine. Reviewed By Sharon Pittman, Andrews University, Sharon Pittman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Howard Karger and Joanne Levine, The Internet and Technology for the Human Services, NewYork: Longman, 1999. $27.19 paperback.

Review Of Repackaging The Welfare State. Pranab Chatterjee. Reviewed By Larry Nackerud, University Of Georgia., Larry Nackerud

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Pranab Chatterjee, Repackaging the Welfare State. Washington, DC: NASW Press, 1999. $32.95 paperback.

So You Think I Drive A Cadillac? Karen Seccombe

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Karen Seccombe, So You Think I Drive a Cadillac? Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1999. $27.93 papercover.

The Generational Equity Debate. John B. Williamson, Diane M. Watts-Roy And Eric R. Kingson (Eds.).

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for John B. Williamson, Diane M. Watts-Roy and Eric R. Kingson (Eds.), The Generational Equity Debate. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999. $ 49.50 hardcover, $ 25.00 papercover.

Why Americans Hate Welfare. Martin Gilens.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Martin Gilens, Why Americans Hate Welfare. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1999. $ 25 hardcover, $19.95 papercover.

Recasting Egalitarianism: New Rules For Communities, States And Markets. Samuel Bowles And Herbert Gintis.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Recasting Egalitarianism:N ew Rules for Communities, States and Markets. New York: Verso, 1999. $13.00 papercover

Review Of International Development. David Stoesz, Charles Guzetta And Mark Lusk. Reviewed By Anthony Hall, London School Of Economics And Political Science., Anthony Hall

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of David Stoesz, Charles Guzzetta and Mark Lusk, International Development. Boston, Allyn and Bacon, 1999. $56.67 hardcover.

The Enemy Within: The Demonization Of Poor Women, Ruth Sidel

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The denigration and demonization of poor women was central to the effort to repeal Aid to Families with Dependent Children by the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. The utilization of negative stereotypes involving race, class and gender effectively marginalized impoverished women and their children, who were blamed for virtually all of the social problems of the United States during the 1990s. Despite the massive concentration of wealth and income in the hands of the wealthiest Americans and the ever-widening gap between rich and poor, the United States continues to ignore the need for …