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Articles 481 - 510 of 919

Full-Text Articles in Social Work

Vulnerability And Mental Health In Afghanistan: Looking Beyond War Exposure, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi Jan 2013

Vulnerability And Mental Health In Afghanistan: Looking Beyond War Exposure, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi

Brown School Faculty Publications

This study examined the prevalence of mental distress among groups in Afghanistan considered to be at risk. Data were drawn from a representative cross-sectional disability survey carried out in Afghanistan including 5,130 households in 171 clusters throughout the 34 provinces of the country. The sample included 838 non-disabled control participants aged above 14, and 675 disabled participants. Results showed that various vulnerable groups (disabled people, the unemployed, the elderly, minority ethnic groups, as well as widowed, divorced or separated women) were at higher risk of experiencing mild to severe mental health problems. The adjusted odds ratio for war-related disability compared …


Gender, Difference And Urban Change: Implications For Promotion Of Well-Being?, Julian Walker, Alexandre A. Frediani, Jean-Francois Trani Jan 2013

Gender, Difference And Urban Change: Implications For Promotion Of Well-Being?, Julian Walker, Alexandre A. Frediani, Jean-Francois Trani

Brown School Faculty Publications

This article examines the impacts of urban change on the well-being of women and men, and girls and boys, living in cities, and explores how gender intersects with other social relations to differentiate these impacts. It then considers the implications of intersectionality for organisations aiming to promote the interests of specific social groups (such as women, or people with disabilities) vis-a-vis urban change by looking at the experience of Leonard Cheshire’s Asha project, working with girls and boys with disabilities in Mumbai. It concludes that organisations working to promote the interest of identity based constituents should (a) base their strategies …


Is Openness To Using Empirically Supported Treatments Related To Organizational Culture And Climate?, David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv Waya) Phd, Catherine N. Dulmus Phd, Eugene Maguin Phd Jan 2013

Is Openness To Using Empirically Supported Treatments Related To Organizational Culture And Climate?, David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv Waya) Phd, Catherine N. Dulmus Phd, Eugene Maguin Phd

Brown School Faculty Publications

An established literature indicates that organizational factors such as culture and climate can impede the implementation of empirically supported treatments (ESTs) in real world practice. What remains unclear is whether certain worker attitudes create barriers to implementing ESTs and how these attitudes might impact the working culture and climate within an organization. The overall purpose of this study is to investigate workers’ openness towards implementing a new EST and whether the workers’ openness scores relate to their workplace culture and climate scores. Participants in this study (N=1273) worked in a total of 55 different programs in a large child and …


Individual Worker Level Attitudes Toward Empirically Supported Treatments, David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv Waya) Phd, Eugene Maguin Phd, Catherine N. Dulmus Phd, Bruce C. Nisbet Jan 2013

Individual Worker Level Attitudes Toward Empirically Supported Treatments, David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv Waya) Phd, Eugene Maguin Phd, Catherine N. Dulmus Phd, Bruce C. Nisbet

Brown School Faculty Publications

Objectives: There is a growing literature indicating that organizational and individual worker-level factors affect decisions about whether or not empirically-supported treatments (EST’s) are adopted within health care agencies. The purpose of this pilot study is to further investigate and measure worker’s attitudes within a community organization. Methods: A small organization participated in the study due to their diversity in services offered. Of the 92 workers eligible for participation in the study, 66 (72%) completed the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS) survey. Results: Multivariate analyses revealed that female workers scored higher on both Openness and total score; workers with nursing, education …


Does Corporate Social Responsibility Contribute To Human Development In Developing Countries? Evidence From Nigeria, Kevin Lompo, Jean-Francois Trani Jan 2013

Does Corporate Social Responsibility Contribute To Human Development In Developing Countries? Evidence From Nigeria, Kevin Lompo, Jean-Francois Trani

Brown School Faculty Publications

Oil companies have been facing criticism linked to their activities in developing countries from various human rights organisations as well as NGOs and the media. To change this negative perception, companies have been increasingly promoting corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, which aim at improving living conditions of local communities in oil exploitation areas. In this paper, we explore the impact on the well-being of communities of two kinds of CSR initiatives implemented in two areas of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Using multidimensional exploratory methods and checking for robustness using binary logistic regression, we investigate the outcome of CSR …


Child Poverty In A Conflict Situation: A Multidimensional Profile And An Identification Of The Poorest Children In Western Darfur, Jean-Francois Trani, Timothy I. Cannings Jan 2013

Child Poverty In A Conflict Situation: A Multidimensional Profile And An Identification Of The Poorest Children In Western Darfur, Jean-Francois Trani, Timothy I. Cannings

Brown School Faculty Publications

Darfur is currently in a very complex situation making humanitarian intervention a very challenging endeavour. The civilian population is caught in the middle of armed confrontation resulting in massive forced displacement as well as in food shortage, lack of access to safe source of water and sanitation facilities, shelter, essential health services. Children are particularly vulnerable in conflict situation as they are higher risk of physical and sexual violence or emotional abuse. Applying the Alkire and Foster index of multidimensional poverty to a selected set of dimensions of deprivation identified through a large scale household survey in Western Darfur carried …


Youth And Saving In Ghana: A Baseline Report From The Youthsave Ghana Experiment, Gina Chowa, David Ansong, Rainier Masa, Mat Despard, Isaac Osei-Akoto, Atta-Ankomah Richmond, Andrew Agyei-Holmes, Michael Sherraden Nov 2012

Youth And Saving In Ghana: A Baseline Report From The Youthsave Ghana Experiment, Gina Chowa, David Ansong, Rainier Masa, Mat Despard, Isaac Osei-Akoto, Atta-Ankomah Richmond, Andrew Agyei-Holmes, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Youth and Saving in Ghana: A Baseline Report From the YouthSave Ghana Experiment


Interviews With Mothers Of Young Children In The Seed For Oklahoma Kids College Savings Experiment, Karen Gray, Margaret Clancy, Margaret S. Sherraden, Kristen Wagner, Julie Miller-Cribbs Nov 2012

Interviews With Mothers Of Young Children In The Seed For Oklahoma Kids College Savings Experiment, Karen Gray, Margaret Clancy, Margaret S. Sherraden, Kristen Wagner, Julie Miller-Cribbs

Center for Social Development Research

Interviews With Mothers of Young Children in the SEED for Oklahoma Kids College Savings Experiment


Effects Of An Individual Development Account Program On Retirement Saving: Follow-Up Evidence From A Randomized Experiment, Michal Grinstein-Weiss, Michael Sherraden, William Gale, William M. Rohe, Mark Schreiner, Clinton Key Nov 2012

Effects Of An Individual Development Account Program On Retirement Saving: Follow-Up Evidence From A Randomized Experiment, Michal Grinstein-Weiss, Michael Sherraden, William Gale, William M. Rohe, Mark Schreiner, Clinton Key

Center for Social Development Research

Using data from a randomized experiment that ran from 1998 to 2003 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, we examine the 10-year follow-up effects on retirement saving of an Individual Development Account (IDA) program. The IDA program included financial education, encouragement to save, and matching funds for several qualified uses of the savings, including contributions to retirement accounts. The results indicate that, as of 2009, 6 years after the program ended, the IDA program had no impact on the propensity to hold a retirement account, the account balance, or the sufficiency of retirement balances to meet retirement expenses.


Learning To Vote: Informing Political Participation Among College Students, Suzanne Pritzker, Melanie J. Springer, Amanda Moore Mcbride Oct 2012

Learning To Vote: Informing Political Participation Among College Students, Suzanne Pritzker, Melanie J. Springer, Amanda Moore Mcbride

Center for Social Development Research

To inform universities’ capacity to encourage student political participation, we examine associations between four civic influences—civic instruction, deliberative course-based discussion, community service, and service learning—and youth participation during the 2008 presidential election. These four influences were selected because they are commonly integrated into higher education environments. Using an original survey, we employ a broad definition of political behavior to explore ways college students express themselves politically and to examine potential influences on their participation. We hypothesize that students exposed to civic influences are more likely to vote and engage in other participatory activities than those who lack such exposure. Findings …


Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Food Insufficiency: Evidence From A Statewide Probability Sample Of White, African American, American Indian, And Hispanic Infants, Yunju Nam, Jin Huang, Colleen Heflin, Michael Sherraden Oct 2012

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Food Insufficiency: Evidence From A Statewide Probability Sample Of White, African American, American Indian, And Hispanic Infants, Yunju Nam, Jin Huang, Colleen Heflin, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines racial and ethnic disparities in the experience of food insufficiency among families with infants, focusing on the roles of socioeconomic characteristics. It uses the SEED for Oklahoma Kids baseline survey data collected from a probability sample of white, African American, American Indian, and Hispanic caregivers of infants randomly selected from Oklahoma’s birth certificates. Fairlie’s extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition is employed to analyze these data. Results suggest that whites experience food insufficiency at a statistically significantly lower rate than do the three minority groups. Compositional gaps in economic and noneconomic resources are found to explain much of …


My Path: An Innovative Initiative To Increase Financial Capability Among Economically Vulnerable Youth, Vernon Loke, Margaret Libby, Laura Choi Oct 2012

My Path: An Innovative Initiative To Increase Financial Capability Among Economically Vulnerable Youth, Vernon Loke, Margaret Libby, Laura Choi

Center for Social Development Research

My Path: An Innovative Initiative to Increase Financial Capability Among Economically Vulnerable Youth


Long-Term Follow-Up Of Individual Development Accounts: Evidence From The Add Experiment, Michal Grinstein-Weiss, Michael Sherraden, William M. Rohe, William Gale, Mark Schreiner, Clinton Key Sep 2012

Long-Term Follow-Up Of Individual Development Accounts: Evidence From The Add Experiment, Michal Grinstein-Weiss, Michael Sherraden, William M. Rohe, William Gale, Mark Schreiner, Clinton Key

Center for Social Development Research

Long-Term Follow-Up of Individual Development Accounts: Evidence From the ADD Experiment


Early Program Enrollment In A Statewide Child Development Account Program, Jin Huang, Sondra Beverly, Margaret Clancy, Terry Lassar, Michael Sherraden Aug 2012

Early Program Enrollment In A Statewide Child Development Account Program, Jin Huang, Sondra Beverly, Margaret Clancy, Terry Lassar, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Early Program Enrollment in a Statewide Child Development Account Program


Product Pilot Report: Youth Savings Performance In Ghana, Kenya, And Nepal, Lissa Johnson, Yungsoo Lee, Isaac Osei-Akoto, Moses Njenga, Sharad Sharma Jul 2012

Product Pilot Report: Youth Savings Performance In Ghana, Kenya, And Nepal, Lissa Johnson, Yungsoo Lee, Isaac Osei-Akoto, Moses Njenga, Sharad Sharma

Center for Social Development Research

Product Pilot Report: Youth Savings Performance in Ghana, Kenya, and Nepal


Validity Of Infact Race/Ethnicity From Birth Certificates In The Context Of U.S. Demographic Change, Lisa Reyes Mason, Yunju Nam, Youngmi Kim Jul 2012

Validity Of Infact Race/Ethnicity From Birth Certificates In The Context Of U.S. Demographic Change, Lisa Reyes Mason, Yunju Nam, Youngmi Kim

Center for Social Development Research

In this study, we examined consistency of infant race/ethnicity across two data sources (N=2,63) using measures of sensitivity and positive predictive value. First we created and compared conventional measures of infant race/ethnicity from 2007 Oklahoma birth certificates and SEED for Oklahoma Kids baseline survey data, classifying infants as White, African American, American Indian, Asian, or Hispanic. Then we created and tested alternative measures with a biracial classification, based on biological parentage from birth certificates or parent report of infant biracial identity in the survey. We find that, for conventional measures, sensitivity is highest for Whites and African Americans and lowest …


Household Assets, School Enrollment And Parental Aspirations For Children's Education In Rural China: Does Gender Matter?, Suo Deng, Jin Huang, Minchao Jin, Michael Sherraden Jul 2012

Household Assets, School Enrollment And Parental Aspirations For Children's Education In Rural China: Does Gender Matter?, Suo Deng, Jin Huang, Minchao Jin, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Using rural household data from the China Household Income Project (CHIP) 2002, this paper provides an analysis of different effects of household assets independent of family income on children’s school enrollment and parental aspirations for education, examining both outcomes by child’s gender. The study first compares the responsiveness of boys’ and girls’ enrollment to the improvement of household assets, measured as liquid assets and net worth, relative to family income. The multivariate regression analysis further detects the effects of household assets on both boys’ and girls’ school enrollment and parental aspirations for children’s future education by child’s gender. Statistical results …


Financial Knowledge And Attitudes Of Youth In Ghana, Gina A. N. Chowa, Mathieu R. Despard, Isaac Osei-Akoto Jul 2012

Financial Knowledge And Attitudes Of Youth In Ghana, Gina A. N. Chowa, Mathieu R. Despard, Isaac Osei-Akoto

Center for Social Development Research

Financial Knowledge and Attitudes of Youth in Ghana


Youth Saving Patterns And Performance In Ghana, Gina A. N. Chowa, Mathieu R. Despard, Issac Osei-Akoto Jul 2012

Youth Saving Patterns And Performance In Ghana, Gina A. N. Chowa, Mathieu R. Despard, Issac Osei-Akoto

Center for Social Development Research

Youth Saving Patterns and Performance in Ghana


Youth In The Ghana Experiment: Characteristics And Living Conditions, Gina A. N. Chowa, Rainier Masa, Isaac Osei-Akoto Jul 2012

Youth In The Ghana Experiment: Characteristics And Living Conditions, Gina A. N. Chowa, Rainier Masa, Isaac Osei-Akoto

Center for Social Development Research

Youth in the Ghana Experiment: Characteristics and Living Conditions


Socioeconomic Status And Early Savings Outcomes: Evidence From A Statewide Child Development Account Experiment, Sondra G. Beverly, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy Jul 2012

Socioeconomic Status And Early Savings Outcomes: Evidence From A Statewide Child Development Account Experiment, Sondra G. Beverly, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy

Center for Social Development Research

Socioeconomic Status and Early Savings Outcomes: Evidence From a Statewide Child Development Account Experiment


Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program For Low-Income Households In Seoul, Youngmi Kim, Soonung Lee, Michael Sherraden Jun 2012

Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program For Low-Income Households In Seoul, Youngmi Kim, Soonung Lee, Michael Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program for Low-Income Households in Seoul


Are Child Development Accounts Inclusive? Early Evidence From A Statewide Experiment, Sondra G. Beverly, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy Jun 2012

Are Child Development Accounts Inclusive? Early Evidence From A Statewide Experiment, Sondra G. Beverly, Youngmi Kim, Michael Sherraden, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy

Center for Social Development Research

A key objective of Child Development Accounts (CDAs) is to increase college completion rates among disadvantaged youth by helping families accumulate assets for college and by encouraging youth to see themselves as college bound. While the major asset-building programs in the United States largely benefit socioeconomically advantaged individuals, CDAs explicitly aim to facilitate account holding and asset accumulation by disadvantaged families. But do CDAs meet the goal of being inclusive? This research uses data from a large CDA experiment with probability sampling and random assignment to examine early CDA savings outcomes. Findings indicate that the CDA improves outcomes for several …


Civic Service And Asset Building In Generating Livelihoods Among Youth In Africa, Benjamin J. Lough, Margaret S. Sherraden Jun 2012

Civic Service And Asset Building In Generating Livelihoods Among Youth In Africa, Benjamin J. Lough, Margaret S. Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Given high rates of unemployment among African youth, civic service offers a promising strategy for preparing young people for the labor market. Despite its potential, a lack of service opportunities, incentives, and competing livelihood needs, frequently prevent young people from volunteering. This paper reviews the debate on financial remuneration for volunteering, and describes innovative “hybrid” ways to incentivize and support young volunteers. These approaches offer the potential to build financial assets during service in the form of savings, stipends, and microenterprise credit or education awards. This paper highlights programs in several regions of Africa where similar approaches have been piloted. …


Volunteerism For Peace In East Africa, Benjamin Lough, Jacob Mwathi Mati Jun 2012

Volunteerism For Peace In East Africa, Benjamin Lough, Jacob Mwathi Mati

Center for Social Development Research

Volunteering is central to any community-centered development intervention. As such, volunteers can contribute substantially to establishing and preserving peace. This paper describes various interpersonal, intergroup, and institutional theoretical perspectives to explain why volunteerism is particularly suited to peacemaking and peacekeeping. Special consideration is given to how involving young volunteers may be highly beneficial to peacemaking and peacekeeping. The paper emphasizes the “added value” of utilizing volunteers in peace and development organizations, and provides specific examples from the Eastern African region that illustrate how volunteerism is being used to prevent conflict, to mediate and transform active conflict, and to reduce the …


Informing Policy On Volunteer Service Through Agency-Based Evaluations, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Susan Stapleton, Amanda Moore Mcbride Jun 2012

Informing Policy On Volunteer Service Through Agency-Based Evaluations, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Susan Stapleton, Amanda Moore Mcbride

Center for Social Development Research

This working paper describes the evidence-based policy making process. We focus on what information is needed to inform policy development and decision-making on volunteer service and then how this information can be most effectively disseminated to policy makers, outlining a range of specific strategies. Existing volunteer service research is used as illustration. Implications are drawn for the capacity of agency staff to implement the research methods and strategies that are discussed.


Contributions Of Qualitative Research To Understanding Saving Theory For Children And Youth, Margaret Sherraden, Clark Peters, Kristen Wagner, Margaret Clancy, Baorong Guo May 2012

Contributions Of Qualitative Research To Understanding Saving Theory For Children And Youth, Margaret Sherraden, Clark Peters, Kristen Wagner, Margaret Clancy, Baorong Guo

Center for Social Development Research

This paper explores contributions of qualitative research to saving theory for children, youth, and parents in Children’s Development Account (CDA) programs. It brings together findings from three studies: (1) elementary school age children saving for college, (2) youth transitioning from foster care saving for education and other purposes, and (3) mothers of toddlers saving for college. Findings suggest that children, youth, and parents find CDAs helpful in accumulating savings. CDAs interact with developmental stages to motivate and facilitate saving. Accumulating savings has positive meaning for participants in CDAs for economic and psychological reasons. However, although CDAs overcome some obstacles in …


The Impact Of Household Possessions On Youth's Academic Achievement In The Ghana Youthsave Experiment, Gina A. N. Chowa, Rainier D. Masa, Christopher J. Wretman, David Ansong May 2012

The Impact Of Household Possessions On Youth's Academic Achievement In The Ghana Youthsave Experiment, Gina A. N. Chowa, Rainier D. Masa, Christopher J. Wretman, David Ansong

Center for Social Development Research

Households play an important role in youth’s academic achievement. Household assets as part of youth’s family background have been found to have a significant impact on youth’s academic achievement. In this study, the impact of household possessions on youth’s academic achievement in the Ghana YouthSave experiment is investigated. Findings support the hypothesized positive direction of the impact of household possessions on academic achievement of youth. Using propensity score optimal matching and matching estimators, results show youth from households that reported owning at least one of the five household items measured scored almost 1 unit higher on English than their peers …


Challenges And Opportunities For Youth Saving, Center For Social Development, Kenya Institute For Public Policy Research And Analysis, Institute For Statistical, Social, And Economic Research, New Era; Universidad De Los Andes Apr 2012

Challenges And Opportunities For Youth Saving, Center For Social Development, Kenya Institute For Public Policy Research And Analysis, Institute For Statistical, Social, And Economic Research, New Era; Universidad De Los Andes

Center for Social Development Research

Challenges and Opportunities for Youth Saving


Youth-Related Policies, Center For Social Development, Institute For Statistical, Social, And Economic Research, Kenya Institute For Public Policy Research And Analysis, New Era; Universidad De Los Andes Apr 2012

Youth-Related Policies, Center For Social Development, Institute For Statistical, Social, And Economic Research, Kenya Institute For Public Policy Research And Analysis, New Era; Universidad De Los Andes

Center for Social Development Research

Youth-Related Policies