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- <p>Businessmen -- Attitudes. </p> <p>Mental health personnel -- Attitudes. </p> <p>College students -- Attitudes. </p> <p>Alcoholism -- Public opinion.</p> <p>Insomnia -- Public opinion. </p> <p>Depression, Mental -- Public opinion. </p> <p>Social phobia -- Public opinion. </p> <p>Stress disorder -- Public opinion. </p> <p>Obesity -- Public opinion.</p> (1)
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Articles 31 - 60 of 61
Full-Text Articles in Social Statistics
Unraveling Ethics: Reflections From A Community-Based Participatory Research Project With Youth, Christine A. Walsh, Jennifer Hewson, Michael Shier
Unraveling Ethics: Reflections From A Community-Based Participatory Research Project With Youth, Christine A. Walsh, Jennifer Hewson, Michael Shier
The Qualitative Report
There is limited literature describing the ethical dilemmas that arise when conducting community-based participatory research. The following provides a case example of ethical dilemmas that developed during a multi-method community-based participatory action research project with youth in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Several ethical dilemmas emerged during the course of the study related to the community in which the research was being undertaken, the recruitment of participants, and the overall research process. As important are possible harm s that may arise when the researcher is no longer involved. These ethical dilemmas and potential solutions are discussed in relation to social work research …
Making The Connection Between Prayer, Faith, And Forgiveness In Roman Catholic Families, Mindi Batson, Loren Marks
Making The Connection Between Prayer, Faith, And Forgiveness In Roman Catholic Families, Mindi Batson, Loren Marks
The Qualitative Report
This study examines meanings and processes associated with religious practices of prayer, building faith, and forgiving through in-depth, qualitative interviews with six highly religious Roman Catholic families with children. Families were interviewed using a narrative approach that asked participants to share experiences and challenges related to faith and family life. Three primary themes in the interviews included: (a) prayer helps piece the puzzle together, (b) faith builds a foundation, and (c) forgiveness allows unity to flourish.
How To Be Happy By Calling For Change: Constructs Of Happiness And Meaningfulness Amongst Social Movement Activists, Alice Mills, Jeremy Smith
How To Be Happy By Calling For Change: Constructs Of Happiness And Meaningfulness Amongst Social Movement Activists, Alice Mills, Jeremy Smith
The Qualitative Report
This paper focuses on how social movement activists view happiness in relation to their political involvement. Interviewers asked activists questions about their personal histories and feelings. The phenomenological strategy involved focused on interviews with subjects who could speak richly about their commitments and emotions. The data from the 11 subjects revealed that there was no simple relationship between a commitment to social activism and subjects’ experiences of happiness. Several subjects oriented their responses to the relationship between meaningfulness, activism, and happiness. In discussion of the analyzed data, the authors suggest that a relationship is evident between the positions articulated by …
A Qualitative Study Investigating Gender Differences In Primary Work Stressors And Levels Of Job Satisfaction In Greek Junior Hospital Doctors, Alexander-Stamatios Antoniou, Cary L. Cooper, Marilyn J. Davisdson
A Qualitative Study Investigating Gender Differences In Primary Work Stressors And Levels Of Job Satisfaction In Greek Junior Hospital Doctors, Alexander-Stamatios Antoniou, Cary L. Cooper, Marilyn J. Davisdson
The Qualitative Report
Primary work stressors and job satisfaction/dissatisfaction in Greek Junior Hospital Doctors (JHDs) are investigated to identify similarities and differences in the reports obtained from male and female hospital doctors. Participants in the study included 32 male and 28 female Greek hospital doctors who provided information through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The findings revealed that a majority of Greek JHDs considered their profession very stressful, and that various differences were identified between male and female JHDs, with regard to perceived stress and satisfaction. The study has implications for the possible introduction of in-house stress management training programmes, both at a generic, and …
Adjusting The Value Of A Statistical Life For Age And Cohort Effects, W. Kip Viscusi, Joseph E. Aldy
Adjusting The Value Of A Statistical Life For Age And Cohort Effects, W. Kip Viscusi, Joseph E. Aldy
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
To resolve the theoretical ambiguity in the effect of age on the value of statistical life (VSL), this article uses a novel, age-dependent fatal risk measure to estimate age-specific hedonic wage regressions. VSL exhibits an inverted-U shaped relationship with age. In the year 2000 cross-section, workers' VSL rises from $3.7 million (ages 18-24), to $9.7 million (35-44), and declines to $3.4 million (55-62). Controlling for birth-year cohort effects in a minimum distance estimator yields a peak VSL of $7.8 million at age 46, and flattens the VSL-age relationship. The value of statistical life-year also follows an inverted-U shape with age.
Demographic Trends In New England At Mid-Decade, Kenneth M. Johnson
Demographic Trends In New England At Mid-Decade, Kenneth M. Johnson
Sociology
With 14.3 million residents, New England is home to just 5 percent of the U.S. population, yet it reflects many of the strands that comprise the country’s demographic fabric: densely settled urban cores, expanding suburbs, struggling industrial towns, fast-growing recreational and retirement amenity areas, and isolated rural villages. In recent years New England’s population grew thanks to immigration and more births than deaths, but there is a net outflow of existing residents. Therein lies the challenge for policymakers who want to keep the region vibrant and diverse. A closer look at the demographics may help.
Teachers Who Left The Teaching Profession: A Qualitative Understanding, Lisa Gonzalez, Michelle Stallone Brown, John R. Slate
Teachers Who Left The Teaching Profession: A Qualitative Understanding, Lisa Gonzalez, Michelle Stallone Brown, John R. Slate
The Qualitative Report
In this study, the researchers investigated public school teacher attrition in the State of Texas. The study examined the problem by focusing on the predominant reasons teachers give for leaving the profession after working only one year as a teacher. Eight persons who had left the teaching profession after one year teaching were contacted and interviewed concerning their reasons for leaving. The three most influential factors found were lack of administrative support, difficulties with student discipline, and low salary levels. Study findings and implications for policy are discussed.
Palinode: The Heteronormative Re/Production Of Transsexual, Jodi Kaufman
Palinode: The Heteronormative Re/Production Of Transsexual, Jodi Kaufman
The Qualitative Report
This project began at the intersection of several conversations: Recently Jay Prosser (2005) wrote a palinode of his analysis of Del Lagrace's photograph of the genitals of a female -to-male transsexual. Recanting his original reading of the photograph as a referent directly linked to "male," Prosser re-read the photograph, suggesting "the referent [is] unsuturable with the signifier," in other words concluding that transsexuality...is...irreconcilable...within gender representation" (p. 176). This idea of a palinode caught my attention. How could I re-read my data to realize what was lost in the original, to find that which exceeded the bounds of signification so I …
Qualitative Research And Consumer Policy: Focus Group Discussions As A Form Of Consumer Participation, Eva Heiskanen, Katja Järvelä, Annukka Pulliainen, Mika Saastamoinen
Qualitative Research And Consumer Policy: Focus Group Discussions As A Form Of Consumer Participation, Eva Heiskanen, Katja Järvelä, Annukka Pulliainen, Mika Saastamoinen
The Qualitative Report
This paper describes our ongoing attempts to involve consumers in innovation and technology policy by means of a national Consumer Panel, using focus group discussions as the primary method of consumer participation. We evaluate our experiences of the usefulness of focus group discussions in this context by considering two examples of studies focused on product safety. We evaluate the usefulness of this method in promoting consumer empowerment, deliberation, and multivocality in the assessment of new technologies and innovations. We also raised some critical questions that require further analysis and discussion.
Why Video? How Technology Advances Method, Martin J. Downing
Why Video? How Technology Advances Method, Martin J. Downing
The Qualitative Report
This paper reports on the use of video to enhance qualitative research. Advances in technology have improved our ability to capture lived experiences through visual means. I reflect on my previous work with individuals living with HIV/AIDS, the results of which are described in another paper, to evaluate the effectiveness of video as a medium that not only collects data, but also produces knowledge. I have provided strategies for confronting specific technological barriers and concerns in research. I made sure to consider my own role within this research, and have chosen to share the personal insights and revelations that occurred …
First Love: A Case Study In Quantitative Appropriation Of Social Concepts, Diederik F. Janssen
First Love: A Case Study In Quantitative Appropriation Of Social Concepts, Diederik F. Janssen
The Qualitative Report
Peer love is a highly invested autobiographical marker, and its scientific ascent can be studied in terms of its literature’s motives, stated objectives, exclusions, and delimitations. In this article an overview of numeric and selected ethnographic data on the timing of “first love” is presented, to inform an assessment of the ontological underpinnings of milestone research common to quantitative sociology and developmental psychology. Complicating scientific normalization of love’s initiatory connotation, selected ethnographic observations on the timing and notion of early/first love in non-Western societies are presented. These observations facilitate a critique of love as a heterosocial, propaedeutic event, and hence, …
Mixed Methods Analysis And Information Visualization: Graphical Display For Effective Communication Of Research Results, Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie, Wendy B. Dickinson
Mixed Methods Analysis And Information Visualization: Graphical Display For Effective Communication Of Research Results, Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie, Wendy B. Dickinson
The Qualitative Report
In this paper, we introduce various graphical methods that can be used to represent data in mixed research. First, we present a broad taxonomy of visual representation. Next, we use this taxonomy to provide an overview of visual techniques for quantitative data display and qualitative data display. Then, we propose what we call “crossover” visual extensions to summarize and integrate both qualitative and quantitative results within the same framework. We provide several examples of crossover (mixed research) graphical displays that illustrate this natural extension. In so doing, we contend that the use of crossover (mixed research) graphical displays enhances researchers’ …
Extending The Conversation: Qualitative Research As Dialogic Collaborative Process, Trena Paulus, Marianne Woodside, Mary Ziegler
Extending The Conversation: Qualitative Research As Dialogic Collaborative Process, Trena Paulus, Marianne Woodside, Mary Ziegler
The Qualitative Report
Collaborative research often refers to collaboration among the researcher and the participants. Few studies investigate the collaborative process among researchers themselves. Assumptions about the qualitative research process, particularly ways to establish rigor and transparency, are pervasive. Our experience con ducting three collaborative empirical research studies challenged and transformed our assumptions about qualitative research: (a) research planning taught as concrete and linear rather than as emergent and iterative, (b) data analysis conceptualized as individual discovery rather than collaboratively-constructed meaning, and (c) findings represented as individual product rather than as part of an ongoing conversation. We address each assumption, including how our …
Madhubani Art: A Journey Of An Education Researcher Seeking Self-Development Answers Through Art And Self-Study, Kavita Mittapalli, Anastasia P. Samaras
Madhubani Art: A Journey Of An Education Researcher Seeking Self-Development Answers Through Art And Self-Study, Kavita Mittapalli, Anastasia P. Samaras
The Qualitative Report
This study is situated within a self-study research methods course to scaffold doctoral students’ explorations of the intersections of their culture, and research interests using arts as a tool. Embracing the arts as a research method, the first author painted a self-portrait using the vibrant colors of Madhubani art which holds cultural significance to her. She utilized Blumer’s (1986) and Mead’s (1934) theory of symbolic interactionism to explain the process of her self-development as a researcher. Combining her self-portrait with an earlier research study proved valuable as a conduit for understanding and interpreting her work as a research methodologist. This …
Physical Activity In Intermediate Schools: The Interplay Of School Culture, Adolescent Challenges, And Athletic Elitism, Colleen Macquarrie, Donna Murnaghan, Debbie Maclellan
Physical Activity In Intermediate Schools: The Interplay Of School Culture, Adolescent Challenges, And Athletic Elitism, Colleen Macquarrie, Donna Murnaghan, Debbie Maclellan
The Qualitative Report
The intervention potential of physical activity programs for intermediate schools (grades 7–9), could be enhanced by an understanding of how students engage with and disengage from physical activity. This study provides an interpretation of how adolescents, parents, teachers, and principals perceive students’ involvement in physical activity within their intermediate school environment. Thematic analyses of eighteen interview transcripts resulted in an interpretation of students’ continuum of engagement with or disengagement from physical activity. The continuum is reflective of a social process that is grounded in three key themes: school culture, social valuing of athletic elitism, and adolescent challenge
The Unexpected Rewards Of Qualitative Research In Assessment: A Case Example, Penny Singh
The Unexpected Rewards Of Qualitative Research In Assessment: A Case Example, Penny Singh
The Qualitative Report
This paper reports on the inclusion of an oral component of assessment in science at two tertiary institutions in South Africa. The purpose of this paper is not to report on the results of the assessments conducted, but to focus on some of the unexpected rewards of conducting qualitative research in assessment. Using focus group discussions within a qualitative framework allowed me insights into the thoughts and experiences of the students and assessors, making the benefits of oral assessment apparent. These benefits included how assessment can be used as a learning opportunity, the advantages of homogeneous versus heterogeneous groups, and …
Using Technology To Enhance Qualitative Research With Hidden Populations, John Matthews, Elizabeth P. Cramer
Using Technology To Enhance Qualitative Research With Hidden Populations, John Matthews, Elizabeth P. Cramer
The Qualitative Report
Advances in technology provide researchers with increased opportunities to locate and conduct research with populations that have historically been inaccessible. This manuscript de scribes the development of private, voluntary web-based groups, and the process for using web cameras to conduct individual web-based interviews as a method of data collection in qualitative research. Also contained within are detailed steps for utilizing each of these technological innovations as well an exploration of the ethical issues related to using technology to enhance the research experience with members of hidden populations, using the GLBT population as a referent group.
When Does Public Opinion Matter?, Jennifer L. Christian
When Does Public Opinion Matter?, Jennifer L. Christian
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
The landmark 1996 reform to Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) provides an opportunity to study processes of welfare reform in the United States. A potential factor behind the transformation of AFDC is public opinion, possibly in the form of changes in attitudes among politically relevant groups. This study will evaluate this thesis, focusing on attitudinal changes between partisan identifiers. Most data suggest the American public may have been critical of welfare programs prior to the 1996 reform. However, the extent of these criticisms generally varies depending on who is asked, how questions are worded and the type of …
A Qualitative Investigation Of Pre-Service English As A Foreign Language (Efl) Teacher Opinions, Leyla Tercanlioglu
A Qualitative Investigation Of Pre-Service English As A Foreign Language (Efl) Teacher Opinions, Leyla Tercanlioglu
The Qualitative Report
Pre-service English teacher education students’ perceptions of their education experience provide greater insight into developing an effective teaching strategy in English teacher education. The objectives for the study were: (1) to identify issues of interest or concern to the department and (2) to determine satisfaction levels concerning departmental issues. Data were drawn from focus group interviews involving 5 student- teachers in each of 5 groups. The findings showed that the English teacher education department students thought that the department was not fulfilling many of its purposes, although there were some strengths. Identifying what students think can help to open English …
From The Outside Looking In: How An Awareness Of Difference Can Benefit The Qualitative Research Process, Claire Tinker, Natalie Armstron
From The Outside Looking In: How An Awareness Of Difference Can Benefit The Qualitative Research Process, Claire Tinker, Natalie Armstron
The Qualitative Report
While much has been written on the problems that can arise when interviewing respondents from a different social group, less attention has been paid to its potential benefits for the research process. In this paper we argue that, by being conscious of one’s outsider status , an interviewer can use it as a tool through which to elicit detailed and comprehensive accounts from respondents, and ensure rigorous and critic al analysis of the data produced.
Using An Adversary Hearing To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of A Military Program, Richard L. Miller, Jeanne Butler
Using An Adversary Hearing To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of A Military Program, Richard L. Miller, Jeanne Butler
The Qualitative Report
This study describes the design and implementation of an adversary hearing used to evaluate professional development initiatives in a military environment. The adversary hearing model used in the evaluation was developed to meet the requirements of an environment that differs from other environments in which adversary hearings have been used. The evaluation was conducted to determine whether a professional development program of the U. S. Army, Europe, actually enhanced soldier development and demonstrated consideration by leaders for their followers. Several key issues relate d to program effectiveness were discovered in the process of the adversary hearing that were not evident …
A Book Review Of Marilyn Lichtman’S Qualitative Research In Education: A User’S Guide, Karen Dawson, Sally St. George
A Book Review Of Marilyn Lichtman’S Qualitative Research In Education: A User’S Guide, Karen Dawson, Sally St. George
The Qualitative Report
No abstract provided.
“Taking Charge Of One’S Life”: A Model For Weight Management Success, Marlene Adams
“Taking Charge Of One’S Life”: A Model For Weight Management Success, Marlene Adams
The Qualitative Report
Obesity is a serious, prevalent, and refractory disorder that increases with age particularly in women who enroll in formal weight loss treatments. This study examined the processes used by obese postmenopausal women as they participated in a formal weight loss program. Using grounded theory, interviews were conducted with 14 women engaged in a formal weight loss study examining success with specific, targeted weight loss treatments based on one’s weight control self-efficacy typology. “Taking Charge of One’s Life” emerged as a model for weight management success, comprised of three phases: engaging, internalizing, and keeping one’s commitment. This study supports the unique, …
Types Of Knowledge, Forms Of Practice, Margaret Arnd-Caddigan, Richard Pozzuto
Types Of Knowledge, Forms Of Practice, Margaret Arnd-Caddigan, Richard Pozzuto
The Qualitative Report
This study was designed to explore the way that us e of theory influenced a social worker’s conceptualization of a simulated case. The participant in this case study was a woman employed in child welfare, who holds an MSW. She was chosen because her response in a larger study represented a deviant case. Data analysis included both thematic analysis and an analysis of a written report based on ideas taken from institutional ethnography. The authors use this case example to illustrate the ways that one’s understanding of theory may impact social work practice.
Midlife Metamorphosis, Patricia Evans
Midlife Metamorphosis, Patricia Evans
The Qualitative Report
The study was conducted in response to the need for an increased understanding of the aging experiences of women transitioning midlife. The purpose of the research was to explore the personal understanding of the changes that occur during the midlife period. A qualitative case study was implemented to ascertain how women of the Latter-day Saint (LDS) faith experience the midlife transition. The narratives of 10 LDS women ages 35 to 65 were obtained through personal interviews. The data were analyzed from a feminist, social constructionist, and narrative perspective using Chenail’s Qualitative Matrix as a formal coding system to guide the …
Ethical Challenges In Participant Observation: A Reflection On Ethnographic Fieldwork, Jun Li
Ethical Challenges In Participant Observation: A Reflection On Ethnographic Fieldwork, Jun Li
The Qualitative Report
In this essay I reflect on the ethical challenges of ethnographic fieldwork I personally experienced in a female gambling study. By assuming a covert research role, I was able to observe natural occurrences of female gambling activities but unable to make peace with disturbing feelings of my research concealment. By making my study overt, I was able to fulfill ethical obligations as a researcher but unable to get female gamblers to speak their minds. I responded to such ethical dilemmas by adjusting the level of involvement, participating in female gambling culture as an insider and observing it as an outsider. …
The Use Of Hermeneutics In A Mixed Methods Design, Claudia Von Zweck, Margo Paterson, Wendy Pentland
The Use Of Hermeneutics In A Mixed Methods Design, Claudia Von Zweck, Margo Paterson, Wendy Pentland
The Qualitative Report
Combining methods in a single study is becoming a more common practice because of the limitations of using only one approach to fully address all aspects of a research question. Hermeneutics in this paper is discussed in relation to a large national study that investigated issues influencing the ability of international graduates to work as occupational therapists in Canada. Using methods that reflect different ontological and epistemological beliefs was necessary to attain a comprehensive view of enablers and barriers that influence workforce integration. Hermeneutics proved to be a credible and flexible strategy for combining methods to create a deep understanding …
Challenges For Assessing Disability Prevalence: The Case Of Afghanistan = Les Défis De La Mesure De La Prévalence Du Handicap : Le Cas De L’Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi
Challenges For Assessing Disability Prevalence: The Case Of Afghanistan = Les Défis De La Mesure De La Prévalence Du Handicap : Le Cas De L’Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi
Brown School Faculty Publications
This article attempts to examine the methodological intricacies of measuring prevalence rate of disability through a population based survey using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health of the WHO and the Capability framework, developed by Amartya Sen and others. After a rapid overview of the Afghan context and the process leading to the research programme, it presents the example of the methodology used in the NDSA and the survey protocol. The authors argue that prevalence rates can be measured using different instruments in terms of impairments, activity limitations or in terms of well-being. Thus, the disability experience is …
Mental Health And Business Professionals’ Employment-Related Perceptions Of Individuals With Psychological Disorders, Kevan Mock
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Mental health and business professionals’ employment-related perceptions of 6 psychological disorders (i.e. alcoholism, insomnia, major depression, social phobia, post- traumatic stress disorder, obesity) were examined. The 33 professionals (n = 18 mental health; n = 15 business) evaluated each disorder on 18 employment-related dimensions (e.g. employability, productivity, trainability). Specifically, they evaluated the perceived likelihood of each of the 18 employment-related dimensions being associated with each of the 6 psychological disorders (1 = not likely; 5 = highly likely). Perceptions of the 33 mental health and business professionals were compared with the perceptions of college students (n = 106) obtained in …
Data Clustering For Fitting Parameters Of A Markov Chain Model Of Multi-Game Playoff Series, Christopher M. Rump
Data Clustering For Fitting Parameters Of A Markov Chain Model Of Multi-Game Playoff Series, Christopher M. Rump
Applied Statistics and Operations Research Faculty Publications
We propose a Markov chain model of a best-of-7 game playoff series that involves game-togame dependence on the current status of the series. To create a relatively parsimonious model, we seek to group transition probabilities of the Markov chain into clusters of similar game-winning frequency. To do so, we formulate a binary optimization problem to minimize several measures of cluster dissimilarity. We apply these techniques on Major League Baseball (MLB) data and test the goodness of fit to historical playoff outcomes. These state-dependent Markov models improve significantly on probability models based solely on home-away game dependence. It turns out that …