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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Social Statistics
Minor Role Iv: Violent Crime More Of An Adult Problem Today, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno
Minor Role Iv: Violent Crime More Of An Adult Problem Today, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno
Publications and Research
Using national and New York City arrest data, the John Jay College Research and Evaluation Center presents a report that shows juvenile arrests for violent crimes have significantly decreased since the 1990s, while adult crime rates have fallen at a slower pace. Despite these trends, some continue to blame youth for crime spikes, often disregarding research that supports the effectiveness of juvenile justice reforms. The findings suggest that, rather than contributing to crime, these reforms align with adolescent development science and have not led to an increase in violent offenses.
Community Safety Investments: Violence Prevention Initiatives Across New York State, Rebecca Balletto, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado, Justice D. Evans, Gina Moreno, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Michael Rempel, René Ropac
Community Safety Investments: Violence Prevention Initiatives Across New York State, Rebecca Balletto, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado, Justice D. Evans, Gina Moreno, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Michael Rempel, René Ropac
Publications and Research
At the request of New York State's Division of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS), researchers from John Jay College of Criminal Justice conducted an assessment of over a decade of state-funded violence prevention initiatives implemented at the county level. Beginning in 2010 and expanding significantly after 2021, these initiatives were adopted by nearly two dozen counties by 2014. Research teams from the Research and Evaluation Center (JohnJayREC) and the Data Collaborative for Justice (DCJ) analyzed county-level trends in serious and violent crime between 2010 and 2023 to assess the potential impact of these investments on community safety outcomes. The study aimed …
Ticket Punch: The Consequences Of Fare Evasion Enforcement In New York City Subways, Sheyla A. Delgado, Gina Moreno, Fidel L. Osorio, Jeffrey A. Butts
Ticket Punch: The Consequences Of Fare Evasion Enforcement In New York City Subways, Sheyla A. Delgado, Gina Moreno, Fidel L. Osorio, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Researchers at the John Jay College Research and Evaluation Center studied transit fare evasion in New York City subway stations from 2018 to 2023 as part of the NYPD's Police Reform and Reinvention Collaborative. Analyzing fare evasion alongside arrest data and neighborhood characteristics, the study found no significant link between fare enforcement and overall arrest rates. However, fare evasion enforcement was concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, highlighting the influence of social factors on public safety practices.
Collateral Consequences: The Effects Of Justice Processing For Violations Of Drug Laws In New York City, John K. Roman, Gregory Haugan, Benjamin Schapiro, Sofia Rodriguez
Collateral Consequences: The Effects Of Justice Processing For Violations Of Drug Laws In New York City, John K. Roman, Gregory Haugan, Benjamin Schapiro, Sofia Rodriguez
Publications and Research
As part of the NYC Police Reform and Reinvention Collaborative, the Mayor’s Office of Criminal Justice partnered with the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College and the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago to examine economic factors related to drug-related crimes and arrests. Focusing on Task 84 of the Reform Initiative Tracker, NORC researchers analyzed public data to explore how neighborhood-level economic indicators, such as property values and tax assessments, correlate with drug-related criminal justice contacts. The study supports ongoing efforts to implement and monitor reforms across New York City.
Shoplifting And Other Types Of Petit Larceny In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Shoplifting And Other Types Of Petit Larceny In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
This data brief from the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College of Criminal Justice highlights recent trends in petit larceny in New York City, based on the latest police crime data. Thefts involving items valued under $1,000 have increased by 50% since 2006 and 29% since 2019. Between 2019 and 2022, incidents at major commercial retailers rose sharply by 53%, with drug stores and chain stores experiencing some of the most dramatic increases. While some types of petit larceny had been in decline prior to 2019, many surged again in the years following. These patterns suggest shifting dynamics …
Minor Role: Youth Under Age 18 And New York City Violence, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado, Richard A. Espinobarros
Minor Role: Youth Under Age 18 And New York City Violence, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Media outlets attribute recent concerns about increased violent crime in New York City to the behavior of juveniles and associate the increase with New York State's policy governing the handling of 16 and 17-year-olds in family courts rather than adult criminal courts. This databit explores age differences in violent crime arrests and shooting victimizations in New York City and finds the recent concerns to be misplaced.
Neighbors At Risk, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno, Richard A. Espinobarros
Neighbors At Risk, Jeffrey A. Butts, Gina Moreno, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Most New York City neighborhoods did not experience high rates of shootings in recent years, but others clearly did. Comparing crime rates across these relatively small geographic areas is important for officials considering where to invest in resources that support public safety and community wellbeing.
Conceptualization, Implementation, And Management Of The New York City Mayor’S Action Plan For Neighborhood Safety, Wogod Alawlaqi, Nicole Alexander, Rebecca Balletto, Justice Banks, Jeffrey A. Butts, Patricia A. Cobar, Edda S. Fransdottir, Jason Szkola, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Anthony Vega
Conceptualization, Implementation, And Management Of The New York City Mayor’S Action Plan For Neighborhood Safety, Wogod Alawlaqi, Nicole Alexander, Rebecca Balletto, Justice Banks, Jeffrey A. Butts, Patricia A. Cobar, Edda S. Fransdottir, Jason Szkola, Kathleen A. Tomberg, Anthony Vega
Publications and Research
This research report presents the findings from the implementation assessment of the NYC Mayor's Action Plan for Neighborhood Safety (MAP). Researchers from the John Jay College of Criminal Justice relied on an assortment of evaluation data to identify outcome differences between MAP communities and the matched set of comparison communities. Using administrative and survey data, researchers tested relationships between the various efforts of MAP and key outcomes expected to result from those efforts. Information obtained through interviews and observations provided context to understand the evolution and implementation of MAP. The investigation provided policymakers with important information about the possible effectiveness …
Shooting Trends Vary Across Areas Of New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Shooting Trends Vary Across Areas Of New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Recent reports point to slight reductions in New York City’s recent surge of shooting incidents. The number of shooting incidents was higher in 2020 and 2021 than in 2019, but the rate of increase appeared to be slowing. The degree of change varied across areas of the city.
Shooting Surge Continuing To Slow Across New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Shooting Surge Continuing To Slow Across New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
This report looks at quarter-specific comparisons of police reported shooting incidents across New York City. Shooting incidents increased between the first and second quarters of both 2020 and 2021. However, shooting incident increases slowed between quarters 1 (January-March) and 2 (April-June) in 2021, compared to the same quarters of 2020. Quarter-specific comparisons are one way to address seasonal fluctuations in gun violence.
Measuring Influence On Twitter, Daniela B. Martinez
Measuring Influence On Twitter, Daniela B. Martinez
Publications and Research
A survey took in MAT 1372 about students' opinions on Twitter showed that most of them assumed that if a Twitter account has more followers, it will receive more likes or replies. However, accounts can buy followers, and followers do not necessarily mean engagement. In this paper, we used Twitter because it is a significant player in social media, but we can measure influence without using Twitter's follower count. We took a reference from Meeyoung Cha's article "The Million Follower Fallacy," which has demonstrated that the Twitter follower count is a meaningless metric in determining influence. To measure influence, a …
Reducing Gun Violence In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Reducing Gun Violence In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado
Publications and Research
Most large American cities experienced falling client crime rates in recent decades, with New York City only being second to San Diego is the scale of its decline. This databit looks at the array of initiatives the city implemented to address gun violence as a possible contribution to the decline.
An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Bi-Factor Analytic Approach To Uncovering What Burnout, Depression, And Anxiety Scales Measure, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jay Verkuilen, Renzo Bianchi
An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Bi-Factor Analytic Approach To Uncovering What Burnout, Depression, And Anxiety Scales Measure, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jay Verkuilen, Renzo Bianchi
Publications and Research
In this study, we addressed the ongoing debate about what burnout and depression scales measure by conducting an exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) bifactor analysis. A sample of 734 U.S. teachers completed a survey that included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D-10), the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which contains emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and (diminished) personal accomplishment (PA) subscales. Job adversity and workplace support were additionally measured for the purpose of a nomological network analysis. EE, burnout’s core, was more highly …
Inquiry Into The Correlation Between Burnout And Depression, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jay Verkuilen, Renzo Bianchi
Inquiry Into The Correlation Between Burnout And Depression, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jay Verkuilen, Renzo Bianchi
Publications and Research
The extent to which burnout refers to anything other than a depressive condition remains an object of controversy among occupational health specialists. In three studies conducted in two different countries and two different languages, we investigated the discriminant validity of burnout scales by evaluating the magnitude of the correlation between (latent) burnout and (latent) depression. In Study 1 (N = 911), burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey’s Exhaustion subscale and depression with the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). In Study 2 (N = 1,386), the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Measure was used to assess burnout and …
Wsq: Queer Methods Editor's Note, Cynthia Chris
Wsq: Queer Methods Editor's Note, Cynthia Chris
Publications and Research
This Editor's Note introduces the WSQ issue "Queer Methods," co-edited by Matt Brim and Amin Ghaziani, which asks, how is the work of queer scholarship, in an array of disciplines, done?
Burnout And Depression: Label-Related Stigma, Help-Seeking, And Syndrome Overlap, Renzo Bianchi, Jay Verkuilen, Romain Brisson, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent
Burnout And Depression: Label-Related Stigma, Help-Seeking, And Syndrome Overlap, Renzo Bianchi, Jay Verkuilen, Romain Brisson, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent
Publications and Research
We investigated whether burnout and depression differed in terms of public stigma and help-seeking attitudes and behaviors. Secondarily, we examined the overlap of burnout and depressive symptoms. A total of 1046 French schoolteachers responded to an Internet survey in November–December 2015. The survey included measures of public stigma, help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, burnout and depressive symptoms, self-rated health, neuroticism, extraversion, history of anxiety or depressive disorder, social desirability, and sociodemographic variables.The burnout label appeared to be less stigmatizing than the depression label. In either case, however, fewer than 1% of the participants exhibited stigma scores signaling agreement with the proposed …
What Is Being Done With Open Government Data? An Exploratory Analysis Of Public Uses Of New York City Open Data, Karen Okamoto
What Is Being Done With Open Government Data? An Exploratory Analysis Of Public Uses Of New York City Open Data, Karen Okamoto
Publications and Research
In 2012, New York City Council passed legislation to make government data open and freely available to the public. By approving this legislation, City Council was attempting to make local government more transparent, accountable, and streamlined in its operations. It was also attempting to create economic opportunities and to encourage the public to identify ways in which to improve government and local communities. The purpose of this study is to explore public uses of New York City open data. Currently, more than 1300 datasets covering broad areas such as health, education, transportation, public safety, housing and business are available on …
Processing Government Data: Zip Codes, Python, And Openrefine, Frank Donnelly
Processing Government Data: Zip Codes, Python, And Openrefine, Frank Donnelly
Publications and Research
While there is a vast amount of useful US government data on the web, some of it is in a raw state that is not readily accessible to the average user. Data librarians can improve accessibility and usability for their patrons by processing data to create subsets of local interest and by appending geographic identifiers to help users select and aggregate data. This case study illustrates how census geography crosswalks, Python, and OpenRefine were used to create spreadsheets of non-profit organizations in New York City from the IRS Tax-Exempt Organization Masterfile. This paper illustrates the utility of Python for data …
About Chinese Names, Sheau-Yueh J. Chao
About Chinese Names, Sheau-Yueh J. Chao
Publications and Research
In traditional Chinese society, the family (Chia) and the clan (tsu) play an indispensable role in establishing and sustaining the prevailing value system, in molding the life of individuals and in shaping a community's social relations into an orderly and stable pattern. This article includes the study of several important topics about the Chinese names. It details the significance of Chinese names and introduces the types of Chinese names and their meanings, followed by the historical development of surnames, clan names, and generation names. The article concludes with a statistical analysis of Chinese surname rankings and population in the United …
How Bad Can Good Data Really Be?, William (Bill) H. Williams
How Bad Can Good Data Really Be?, William (Bill) H. Williams
Publications and Research
Bias has different sources. Measurement errors create "bad" data and biased estimates. But selection biases occur even with "good" data and can be both subtle and large in magnitude.
Systematic Biases In Panel Surveys Due To Differential Nonresponse., William (Bill) H. Williams, Colin L. Mallows Phd
Systematic Biases In Panel Surveys Due To Differential Nonresponse., William (Bill) H. Williams, Colin L. Mallows Phd
Publications and Research
Panel surveys involve repeated observations on the same sample units of the population. In some of these studies, systematic biases have appeared. It is shown that these systematic biases can also be he result of the characteristics of the response probabilities.
The Systematic Bias Effects Of Incomplete Responses In Rotation Samples, William (Bill) H. Williams
The Systematic Bias Effects Of Incomplete Responses In Rotation Samples, William (Bill) H. Williams
Publications and Research
Rotation samples are frequently used in continuing surveys in order to obtain estimates of changes in a characteristic over time as well as separate estimates of the characteristic at specific points in time. Rotation designs involve the retention of some sampling units and the replacement of others. It has been observed in some studies that there are systematic changes in the estimate of a characteristic, depending on the frequency of appearance of a rotation group in the sample. It is shown in this paper that these systematic changes must occur provided (1) the probability of a selected unit actually appearing …
Sample Selection And The Choice Of Estimator In Two-Way Stratified Populations, William (Bill) H. Williams
Sample Selection And The Choice Of Estimator In Two-Way Stratified Populations, William (Bill) H. Williams
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
The Variance Of An Estimator With Post-Stratified Weighting.Pdf, William (Bill) H. Williams
The Variance Of An Estimator With Post-Stratified Weighting.Pdf, William (Bill) H. Williams
Publications and Research
A straight forward procedure for the estimation of the variance of a post-stratified estimator.
Life Insurance?, William (Bill) H. Williams
Life Insurance?, William (Bill) H. Williams
Publications and Research
Should a student buy whole life insurance or term insurance?