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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Public Policy
Civic Responsibility And Patterns Of Voluntary Participation Around The World, Mary Alice Haddad
Civic Responsibility And Patterns Of Voluntary Participation Around The World, Mary Alice Haddad
Mary Alice Haddad
This article seeks to explain why different types of volunteer organizations are prevalent in different countries. It hypothesizes that patterns of volunteer participation are a function of citizen attitudes toward governmental and individual responsibility for caring for society. Those countries (e.g., Japan)—where citizens think that governments should be responsible for dealing with social problems—will tend to have higher participation in embedded volunteer organizations, such as parent-teacher associations. Those countries (e.g., the United States)—where citizens think that individuals should take responsibility for dealing with social problems—will tend to have more participation in nonembedded, organizations, such as Greenpeace. These hypotheses are tested …
United States Policy Towards Nigeria: From The Clinton Years To The Bush Administration. Paper/Presentation, Andrew Ewoh
United States Policy Towards Nigeria: From The Clinton Years To The Bush Administration. Paper/Presentation, Andrew Ewoh
Andrew I.E. Ewoh
No abstract provided.
Conceptualizing And Measuring White House Staff Influence On Presidential Rhetoric, Justin Vaughn, José Villalobos
Conceptualizing And Measuring White House Staff Influence On Presidential Rhetoric, Justin Vaughn, José Villalobos
José D. Villalobos
Scholars have debated extensively the impact of presidential rhetoric on public opinion and congressional behavior, but have largely ignored the determinants of what the president actually says. This inattention is partly the result of the difficulty of acquiring systematic observations of presidential speech crafting. We devise a method of quantifying White House staff influence over the composition of rhetoric that captures the multistage negotiations between the president's speechwriters and his policy advisors and provides a framework for future studies on the determinants of presidential rhetoric. We employ our method to study influence over the writing of President George H. W. …
The Dynamics Of Incrementalism: Subsystems, Politics, And Public Lands, Robert Wood
The Dynamics Of Incrementalism: Subsystems, Politics, And Public Lands, Robert Wood
Robert S. Wood
A host of research has been produced in the decade since Baumgartner and Jones' theory of punctuated equilibrium first drew attention to the dynamics of policy change over time. Much of this research follows a topic across time, highlighting the shift from negative to positive feedback as challengers push an issue from subsystem to institutional level. Far less attention has been paid to the periods between major punctuations, neglecting key quetions about whether incremental periods reflect an absence of challengers or the successful defense of established subsystem interests. this research is a comparison of policy change across two segments of …
Congestion Pricing: The Answer To America's Traffic Woes?, Ryan Yeung
Congestion Pricing: The Answer To America's Traffic Woes?, Ryan Yeung
Ryan Yeung
Congestion results in losses in productivity, added delivery time, extra costs for consumers, as well as damage to the environment. The most obvious solution to traffic congestion is to build more roads, but the prevailing thought among experts is that adding supply is not an effective long-term solution. Another approach is congestion pricing, where motorists are charged different prices based on demand. A literature review supports congestion pricing’s effectiveness, efficiency, and equity. Perhaps most importantly, a number of case studies suggest that congestion pricing is politically feasible.
Single-Period Location Models For Subsidized Housing: Project-Based Subsidies, Michael Johnson
Single-Period Location Models For Subsidized Housing: Project-Based Subsidies, Michael Johnson
Michael P. Johnson
Large urban public housing authorities (PHAs) in the US have abandoned the traditional model of highrise public housing developments and increasingly use lower-density project-based subsidized housing as well as tenant-based housing subsidies to provide affordable shelter. PHAs generally apply practitioner expertise to locate subsidized housing and do not identify housing alternatives using prescriptive planning models that optimize policy criteria and incorporate well-defined stakeholder impacts. Using policy characteristics and estimated economic impacts of subsidized housing, a new single-period multi-objective integer programming model for location of project-based subsidized housing is developed. Data requirements, relationships with standard planning models, solution characteristics and sensitivity …
Decision Models For Location Of Community Corrections Centers, Michael Johnson
Decision Models For Location Of Community Corrections Centers, Michael Johnson
Michael P. Johnson
Community corrections centers (CCCs, or `halfway houses') represent a community-based justice strategy intended to reintegrate offenders into civil society. Site selection for these facilities is complicated by negative perceptions of CCC impacts on the part of potential host communities. I solve the CCC-location problem through the use of a framework based on value-focused thinking and quantitative decision models. The first of two mathematical models for CCC location is a novel integer programming formulation that incorporates neighborhood characteristics and equity considerations; the second is a straightforward application of the analytic hierarchy process. These models are applied to a case study in …
Punctuated Equilibrium In Limbo: The Tobacco Lobby And U.S. State Policy Making From 1990 To 2003, Michael S. Givel
Punctuated Equilibrium In Limbo: The Tobacco Lobby And U.S. State Policy Making From 1990 To 2003, Michael S. Givel
Michael S. Givel
Since the mid-1980s, U.S. tobacco policy has been an intense and acrimonious issue between antitobacco advocates and the tobacco industry. In the United States, the tobacco industry has responded to heightened state antitobacco litigation, adverse public opinion, and public health advocacy by aggressively mobilizing against tobacco taxes and regulations. This article examines whether these tobacco policy trends can be generalized to punctuated equilibrium theory ideas that policy monopolies are stable over long periods and usually change because of sharp and short-term exogenous shocks to the policy system. From 1990 to 2003, there was a sharp mobilization by health advocates in …
High-Stakes Testing: Can Rapid Assessment Reduce The Pressure?, Stuart S. Yeh
High-Stakes Testing: Can Rapid Assessment Reduce The Pressure?, Stuart S. Yeh
Stuart S Yeh
This article presents findings about the implementation of a system for rapidly assessing student progress in math and reading in grades K–12—a system that potentially could reduce pressure on teachers resulting from high-stakes testing and the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act. Interviews with 49 teachers and administrators in one Texas school district suggest that the assessments allowed teachers to individualize and target instruction; provide more tutoring; reduce drill and practice; and improve student readiness for, and spend more time on, critical thinking activities, resulting in a more balanced curriculum. Teachers reported that the assessments provided a common …
Superfund, Hedonics, And The Scales Of Environmental Justice, Douglas S. Noonan, Brett M. Baden, Rama Mohana Turaga
Superfund, Hedonics, And The Scales Of Environmental Justice, Douglas S. Noonan, Brett M. Baden, Rama Mohana Turaga
Douglas S. Noonan
The environmental justice (EJ) movement now occupies a prominent position in environmental policy. EJ is a core principle for thousands of grassroots environmental organizations, is the subject of a Presidential executive order and an office in the EPA, and recently served to frame how the nation viewed the tragic aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. This paper contributes to the research on environmental equity by (a) improving on traditional environmental justice research by incorporating results from economic analyses, and (b) presenting new evidence on the distributional equity of Superfund site locations at multiple scales. Choosing the correct spatial scale for analysis continues …
The Informal Economy In Mexico: An Alternative Labor Market, Daniel Tapia, Carlos Marquez Padilla
The Informal Economy In Mexico: An Alternative Labor Market, Daniel Tapia, Carlos Marquez Padilla
Daniel Tapia
No abstract provided.
Von Der Sicherheits- Zur Risikopolitik: Eine Konzeptionelle Analyse Für Die Schweiz, Beat Habegger
Von Der Sicherheits- Zur Risikopolitik: Eine Konzeptionelle Analyse Für Die Schweiz, Beat Habegger
Beat Habegger
No abstract provided.
Die Parlamentarisierung Der Uno Durch Die Interparlamentarische Union, Beat Habegger
Die Parlamentarisierung Der Uno Durch Die Interparlamentarische Union, Beat Habegger
Beat Habegger
No abstract provided.