Peace and Conflict Studies Commons^™

الدفاع عن الديمقراطية: ريادة النساء في منع وتخفيف حدة عنف الانتخابات, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

عتمد بشكل مبارش عىل توصيات وأولويات صانعات السالم حول العالم. ً � لصانعي السياسات والممولني ر يعترب تقرير Peace Waging Women دليًال أعمار والميول الجنسية ومستويات التعليم وا إإلعاقة وحاالت الهجرة وقد قامت صانعات السالم بتقديم هذه االستنتاجات المستقاة من كافة البلدان واأل ن االعتبار. واستند هذا التقرير إىل وجهات نظر وتجارب 106 من صانعات السالم من 43 أ � عمال بناء السالم بعني أنواع المختلفة أل مع أخذ سياقات ال زنزاع واأل ن عىل ي ر تساعد الرش � كاء الدوليني بلدًاً لتحديد أولويات بناء السالم لعام ،2025 والنظر يفي تحديات وإنجازات عام ،2024 وتوفرير � التوصيات التالية للطريقة …

Defender La Democracia: El Liderazgo De Las Mujeres En La Prevención Y Mitigación De La Violencia Electoral (Resumen Ejecutivo), Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Desde 1999, las integrantes de Women Waging Peace han sido cuidadosamente seleccionadas para formar parte de una red mundial única en su género que trabaja para poner fin a los ciclos de violencia. Con más de 1000 mujeres promotoras de paz de más de 56 países y más de 30 áreas de especialización en la construcción de la paz, la red impulsa enfoques basados en datos empíricos para construir sociedades más inclusivas y pacíficas. La red está auspiciada por el Instituto Kroc para la Paz y la Justicia.

El informe anual Women Waging Peace sirve de guía para los responsables …

Défendre La Démocratie : Le Leadership Des Femmes Dans La Prévention Et L’Atténuation De La Violence Électorale, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Depuis 1999, les membres de Women Waging Peace sont soigneusement sélectionnées pour rejoindre ce réseau mondial unique, qui s’efforce de mettre fin aux cycles de violence. Avec plus de 1 000 membres issues de plus de 56 pays et expertes dans plus de 30 domaines de la consolidation de la paix, ce réseau favorise des approches empiriques visant à construire des sociétés plus inclusives et plus pacifiques. Le réseau est hébergé par le Kroc Institute for Peace and Justice.

Les décideurs politiques et les bailleurs de fonds utilisent le rapport annuel de Women Waging Peace comme guide en s’inspirant directement …

Défendre La Démocratie : Le Leadership Des Femmes Dans La Prévention Et L’Atténuation De La Violence Électorale (Sommaire), Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Depuis 1999, les membres de Women Waging Peace sont soigneusement sélectionnées pour rejoindre ce réseau mondial unique, qui s’efforce de mettre fin aux cycles de violence. Avec plus de 1 000 membres issues de plus de 56 pays et expertes dans plus de 30 domaines de la consolidation de la paix, ce réseau favorise des approches empiriques visant à construire des sociétés plus inclusives et plus pacifiques. Le réseau est hébergé par le Kroc Institute for Peace and Justice.

Les décideurs politiques et les bailleurs de fonds utilisent le rapport annuel de Women Waging Peace comme guide en s’inspirant directement …

الدفاع عن الديمقراطية: ريادة النساء في منع وتخفيف حدة عنف الانتخابات الملخص التنفيذي, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

ر ويعتمد بشكل مبارش عىل توصيات وأولويات صانعات السالم حول العالم. ً � لصانعي السياسات والممولني ر يعترب تقرير Peace Waging Women دليًال أعمار والميول الجنسية ومستويات التعليم وا إإلعاقة وحاالت الهجرة وقد قامت صانعات السالم بتقديم هذه االستنتاجات المستقاة من كافة البلدان واأل ن االعتبار. واستند هذا التقرير إىل وجهات نظر وتجارب 106 من صانعات السالم من 43 أ � عمال بناء السالم بعني أنواع المختلفة أل مع أخذ سياقات ال زنزاع واأل ن عىل ي ر تساعد الرش � كاء الدوليني بلدًاً لتحديد أولويات بناء السالم لعام ،2025 والنظر يفي تحديات وإنجازات عام ،2024 وتوفرير � التوصيات التالية …

Defender La Democracia: El Liderazgo De Las Mujeres En La Prevención Y Mitigación De La Violencia Electoral, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Desde 1999, las integrantes de Women Waging Peace han sido cuidadosamente seleccionadas para formar parte de una red mundial única en su género que trabaja para poner fin a los ciclos de violencia. Con más de 1000 mujeres promotoras de paz de más de 56 países y más de 30 áreas de especialización en la construcción de la paz, la red impulsa enfoques basados en datos empíricos para construir sociedades más inclusivas y pacíficas. La red está auspiciada por el Instituto Kroc para la Paz y la Justicia.

El informe anual Women Waging Peace sirve de guía para los responsables …

Women Peacebuilders At Risk: Analysis Of Threats Received In 2024, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This policy brief is drawn from the 2025 annual Women Waging Peace report, which serves as a guide for policymakers and funders and draws directly from the recommendations and priorities of women peacebuilders around the world. These findings have been provided by peacebuilders across countries, conflict contexts, types of peacebuilding work, and across age, sexual orientation, education level, disability and migration status. This report leveraged the perspectives and experiences of 106 women peacebuilders from 43 countries to identify peacebuilding priorities for 2025, reflect on the challenges and achievements of 2024, and provide the following recommendations for how international partners can …

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Afghanistan), Sveto Muhammad Ishoq

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This case study examines the challenges, tactics and tools of Afghan women activists in the UK in their peacebuilding efforts for Afghan women and girls post-Taliban takeover. It shows how operating from exile, these activists employ innovative strategies to amplify Afghan women’s voices, advocating internationally and providing support despite facing complex security, funding, and community unity issues.

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacebuilding From The Diaspora, Elena B, Stavrevska, Sveto Muhammad Ishoq, Shadi Rouhshahbaz, Kay Soe, Briana Mawby, Carolyne Komen

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Diaspora communities have long played critical roles in peacebuilding efforts in their countries of origin, yet the contributions of women within these communities remain significantly underexplored and underappreciated. This report seeks to address this gap by focusing on the unique roles, challenges and contributions of women in diaspora-led peacebuilding initiatives. Women in the diaspora — often navigating complex identities and facing distinct challenges — are vital actors in promoting peace, reconciliation and social change in their homelands.

Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, research interviews, and detailed case studies, this report provides a nuanced understanding of how diaspora women …

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Burma/Myanmar), Kay Soe

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This case study highlights the role and strategies of Burmese/Myanmar’s women in the diaspora in the US in contributing to political transformation in their homeland. It shows how through advocacy, mobilization, women’s networks and different types of organizing, these women navigate structural and cultural challenges, leveraging their diasporic networks and unique perspectives to support democratic ideals and envision an inclusive, federal future for Burma/Myanmar.

25 Years Of The Women, Peace And Security Agenda And The Reality Of Women-Led Peacebuilding, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This policy brief is drawn from the 2025 annual Women Waging Peace report, which serves as a guide for policymakers and funders and draws directly from the recommendations and priorities of women peacebuilders around the world. These findings have been provided by peacebuilders across countries, conflict contexts, types of peacebuilding work, and across age, sexual orientation, education level, disability and migration status. This report leveraged the perspectives and experiences of 106 women peacebuilders from 43 countries to identify peacebuilding priorities for 2025, reflect on the challenges and achievements of 2024, and provide the following recommendations for how international partners can …

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Iran), Shadi Rouhshahbaz

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This case study examines how young Iranian women, at home and abroad, envision Iran’s futures, their role in change-making and the challenges they face. It shows how their aspirations reflect lived experiences and the limited civic spaces within which they champion change, and the difficult choices they face about leaving or staying, while their visions for Iran’s future transcend current insecurities, offering images of a more equitable society that may inspire meaningful, feminist-led transformation.

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacebuilding From The Diaspora (Executive Summary), Elena B. Stavrevska, Sveto Muhammad Ishoq, Shadi Rouhshahbaz, Kay Soe, Briana Mawby, Carolyne Komen

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Diaspora communities have long played critical roles in peacebuilding efforts in their countries of origin, yet the contributions of women within these communities remain significantly underexplored and underappreciated. This report seeks to address this gap by focusing on the unique roles, challenges and contributions of women in diaspora-led peacebuilding initiatives. Women in the diaspora — often navigating complex identities and facing distinct challenges — are vital actors in promoting peace, reconciliation and social change in their homelands.

Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, research interviews, and detailed case studies, this report provides a nuanced understanding of how diaspora women …

Defending Democracy: Women's Leadership In Preventing And Mitigating Election Violence, Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

The annual Women Waging Peace report provides a resource for policymakers and funders, created directly from the recommendations and priorities of women peacebuilders around the world. These findings have been drawn from peacebuilders working in different conflict contexts and across a range of sectors of peacebuilding work. Each year, the survey provides an analysis of the work of women peacebuilders, the progress they have made, and the challenges and opportunities they are facing. These questions are repeated yearly, allowing for the collection of longitudinal data and analysis of trends over time. In addition to the repeated questions, the survey has …

Defending Democracy: Women’S Leadership In Preventing And Mitigating Election Violence (Executive Summary), Briana Mawby, Arenne Taylor Flanders

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Since 1999, Women Waging Peace members have been carefully selected to join the one-of-a-kind global network that works to end cycles of violence. With 1,000+ women peacebuilder members from 56+ countries and 30+ areas of peacebuilding expertise, the network drives forward evidence-based approaches to building more inclusive and peaceful societies. The network is hosted by the Kroc Institute for Peace and Justice.

The annual Women Waging Peace report serves as a guide for policymakers and funders, drawing directly from the recommendations and priorities of women peacebuilders around the world. These findings have been provided by peacebuilders across countries, conflict contexts, …

Leviathans And Liberation: Did Whaling Contribute To The Decline Of Slavery?, Topher L. Mcdougal, Austin Choi‐Fitzpatrick

School of Peace Studies: Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Exploring Systems Of Discrimination And Violence Against Wayuu Indigenous Women/E’Rrajawaa Sucuaypaa Jutumaa Tu’U Muju’Ulaca Err’Uin Wayumuin Sumuin Tu’U Wayuu Jiertkaa Sumuin Tu Muilian Jain, Dayanna Palmar Uriana

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

From the moment an Indigenous girl is born, her identity is shaped by two intersecting categories: gender and ethnic belonging. These identity categories influence various aspects of her environment, upbringing, education, work and life.

As a member of the Wayuu people, I understand the challenges of being an Indigenous woman. The Wayuu Indigenous people are the largest Indigenous group in both Colombia and Venezuela. They inhabit the desert and coastal territory of La Guajira, a region shared between the two countries. However, for the Wayuu, it is a single, unique territory, encompassing the physical, biocultural and spiritual dynamics rooted in …

Peacebuilding At The San Diego-Tijuana Border: A Ground Level View, Rebeca Cazares-Adame Md, Mph, Andrew Blum Phd

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This brief complements the work of researchers like Kleinfeld and Blattman by seeking to understand in a more inductive way the work of peacebuilders on the ground in Tijuana, a city experiencing systemic, chronic violence. Based on survey research and interviews conducted with those peacebuilders, the brief identifies insights that can help inform a peacebuilding field that includes and integrates work in conflict zones and non-conflict zones experiencing widespread violence. Developing this more integrated approach is particularly important at the moment as we move into President Trump’s second term and begin to see the impacts of his administration in the …

Code Blue: How Police And Health Care Providers Disrupt Healing For Violently Injured Black Men, Cherrell Green

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

While Black males are disproportionately impacted by gun homicide, they are also grossly impacted by non-fatal shootings. The impact of gun violence extends far beyond the immediate physical harm inflicted by bullets; this harm can permeate and disrupt personal relationships, create lasting psychological distress, and undermine a sense of safety within communities. However, the needs of injured Black men are often overlooked in public discourse. Despite the prevalence of these traumatic experiences in the lives of low-income Black men, their response to trauma is often treated as pathology, with fewer resources devoted to addressing the adverse consequences associated with these …

The Disappearing Fishermen, Areli Palomo Contreras

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

The Disappearing Fishermen is one of a series of ethnographic journalism stories about the violence embedded in the web of power structures shaping our global market system. In the Honduran wetlands of the Central American Gulf of Fonseca, these structures result in multiple forms of harm and damage to artisanal fishing communities. During the eighties and the nineties, the shrimp farming industry that settled in these wetlands was conceived to meet the Global North’s “need” for shrimp. Powerful international institutions including the World Bank and development agencies such as USAID provided loans to private companies, while the Honduran government enabled …

The Sexuality Of Technology: Memories Of Existing In Techno-Societies, Mardiya Vip Lab Fellow

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Sexuality of Technology is a research-based-fiction that puts together accounts of queer Ghanaians navigating threats and anxieties in a digital society. It examines technology-facilitated surveillance as violence and power that creates inequalities in motion illustrated through the lens of three friends navigating the intricate relations of power. The project grounds pain, rage and practices of survival of queer people, moving away from the ‘acceptance’ narrative to highlight that for many queer people in Ghana, violence and power is messy, unspectacular, and embedded in their every day existence within techno-societies.

La Discriminación Hacia La Mujer Wayuu Como Sistema De Violencia Colectiva En El Pueblo Wayuu En Venezuela Y Colombia, Dayanna Palmar Uriana

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Quería sacar a la luz la situación de las mujeres indígenas en Colombia y Venezuela, tomando en consideración la situación de las Mujeres Wayuu que habitan la frontera norte de ambos países. La identidad de una mujer indígena soporta una carga contenida en el género y la etnicidad que determina condiciones de vida y acceso a derechos dentro de una cosmovisión de vida colectiva de pertenencia hacia un pueblo indígena. Como mujer indígena Wayuu e investigadora en temas de derechos humanos mi objetivo fue identificar formas de discriminación mediante la escucha de mujeres Wayuu en territorio de ambos países, de …

Discrimination Against Wayuu Women As A System Of Collective Violence Against The Wayuu Indigenous People In Venezuela And Colombia / Errata Wayuumuin Sumuin Tu’ Wayuu Jiertkaa Jutuma’A Milia’An Jauhtu’U Jumaika’A Heka Jumana’A Tuu Wuomain Eh Venezuerraka Musia Colompianaka, Dayanna Palmar Uriana

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

I wanted to shed light on the situation of Indigenous women in Colombia and Venezuela, focusing specifically on the situation of Wayuu women living in the northern border of both countries. The identity of an Indigenous woman carries a dual burden—defined by both gender and ethnicity—that determines living conditions and access to rights within a worldview rooted in a collective sense of belonging to an Indigenous people. As a Wayuu Indigenous woman and a human rights researcher, my objective was to identify forms of discrimination by listening to Wayuu women in the territories of both countries. This approach allowed us …

Exploring The Pathway Of Far-Right Radicalization In The Age Of Neoliberalism, Biko Koenig

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This paper examines the complex relationship between young white men and the rise of far-right extremism in contemporary American politics, particularly in the context of the MAGA movement and its implications for political violence. The January 6th riot serves as a stark example of how mainstream political affiliations can rapidly devolve into radicalization, as evidenced by the profiles of participants who often lacked formal ties to extremist groups yet shared a commitment to conspiracy-laden narratives and grievances. By framing these shifts within the broader socio-economic landscape marked by neoliberal decay, I explore how feelings of inequality, alienation, and powerlessness serve …

Reintegrating Ex-Combatants Or Dividing Communities? Analysing Power Inequalities In Nigeria’S Amnesty Programme, Tarila Marclint Ebiede

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR) programmes are integral components of post-conflict peacebuilding. The reintegration of ex-combatants is seen as the hallmark of successful DDR programming. While there is significant analysis of social and economic reintegration of ex-combatants, research seldom analyses how DDR impacts power relations in conflict-affected communities. This study addresses this gap by analysing the impact of Nigeria’s Presidential Amnesty Programme (PAP), a DDR programme designed and implemented by the Federal Government of Nigeria, on reproducing unequal power relations in conflict-affected communities in the Niger Delta. Based on primary data, the study finds that the implementation of PAP empowered …

Mobilizing Memory Diasporas, Transnational Sectarianism, And The Memory Of Violence, Mirna M. Wasef

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Memory has power. Memory and narratives of violence—beyond the acts themselves—shape identity and subjectivity. The significance of narrative lies not just in the story told, but in the political, social, and nationalist contexts surrounding it. When is memory invoked and why? How are acts of violence contextualized, narrativized, and mythicized? What galvanizes, or not, around the memory of the violence? Furthermore, how does violence expose the significant underpinnings of power inequalities and societal fissures that contribute to conditions conducive to its occurrence? The connection between memory and violence is crucial in understanding how memory is used to bolster, challenge, and …

Beyond Borders: Confronting Transnational Violence Against Black Migrants, Nana Afua Yeboaa Brantuo

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Beyond Borders: Confronting Transnational Violence Against Black Migrants explores the systemic violence and exclusion faced by Black migrants throughout their migration journey, with a focus on the U.S. immigration system. Synthesizing literature, data, and expert interviews, the paper highlights the intersecting forms of violence—political, community, racial, and gender-based—that Black migrants experience before, during, and after migration. The paper emphasizes how structural racism, anti-Blackness, and inadequate legal protections contribute to the compounded vulnerabilities of Black migrants. It calls for comprehensive policy interventions, including trauma-informed care, policy and legal system transformations, and community-based support, to address these multifaceted challenges and promote a …

California Threats And Harassment Initiative: A Literature Review Contextualizing The Environment Of Threats And Harassment Of Local Elected Officials In The United States Between 2013 And 2024, Ioli Filmeridis, Rachel Hodel, Thomas Oliver

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Given the attention dedicated to violence targeted against national figures and representatives, this literature review focuses on the less prominent, but nonetheless critical, issue of threats and harassment directed at locally elected officials. In particular, it considers school board officials, members of city councils, community college boards, elected sheriffs, city and district attorneys and mayors in Southern California as well as across the United States. It draws on traditional media coverage, academic and think tank discussions of the scope of threats and harassment faced by local officials, the drivers of threatening and harassing behavior, and their impact on local officials …

Mapping The Threat Environment Of Southern California’S Elected Officials, John Porten, Rachel Locke

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Are threats towards and harassment of public officials a problem? Some characterize the issue as one of free speech; strenuous criticism of local officials is required for democracy to function. Others argue that local elected officials and the media are simply seeking attention or blowing a small problem out of proportion. In other spaces, the case is made that democracy in America is broken, that governance at the local level can no longer function, and that security risks are rampant. Those studying the issue have gathered data that point to more insidious effects, including the disenfranchisement of voters, shifting representation …

Border Fellows Report 2023, Márgara De León Cevallos, Aida Renee Amador, Javier Neftali Jiménez Quintana, Carla Ulloa Vázquez, Meritxell Calderón-Vargas, Carlos Foo-Kong, Psyché Calderón, Rebeca Cázarez Adame

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of each of the Border Fellows' projects and place those projects within the broader context of the Tijuana-San Diego border region.