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Full-Text Articles in Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration

Mine Action And The Environment, Faiz Paktian Apr 2008

Mine Action And The Environment, Faiz Paktian

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

While global warming is a hot environmental topic these days and scientists agree that unless we act soon to significantly reduce global pollution, average temperatures will continue to rise, causing heat waves, rising sea levels, droughts and wildfires. It is also important to look at mine-action procedures and activities to ensure our industry is in compliance with the world's requirements on environment protection. There is perhaps a need, more than ever before, to remind national mine-action authorities and demining organisations of their responsibility to ensure that demining operations not only be carried out in a safe, effective and efficient manner, …


Mine-Clearance Activities And Ansa Participation: An Analysis, Sadi Caysi Apr 2008

Mine-Clearance Activities And Ansa Participation: An Analysis, Sadi Caysi

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Effective mine action requires numerous actors to peacefully collaborate: governmental and nongovernmental, international and local. Armed non-state actors (ANSA) that operate beyond central control, such as rebel opposition groups and paramilitary organizations, and private defense companies can often provide necessary contributions to mine action. Understanding ANSAs allows humanitarian organizations to communicate, cooperate and avoid conflict.


Environmental Damages From Minefields, Raafat Misak, S. Omar Apr 2008

Environmental Damages From Minefields, Raafat Misak, S. Omar

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Desert Storm brought Iraqi Forces to Kuwait and, with them, mines. Aerial diagrams illustrate the areas of Kuwait still littered with landmines. Landmines are causing significant short- and long-term damage to the environment, resulting in soil erosion, destruction of vegetation and topsoil, and negatively impacting wildlife.


Gender Issue: An Example From Lao Pdr, Jo Durham Mar 2008

Gender Issue: An Example From Lao Pdr, Jo Durham

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

This article begins with a brief overview of the literature that helped frame a gender assessment MAG undertook and put gender into perspective within the broader development discourse, helping to identify where there are important linkages between gender and mine action. Following this summary, which highlights the centrality of gender in poverty-eradication efforts, an overview of the assessment (including methods and key findings) is provided


Will Oslo Be The Next Ottawa? The Cluster-Munitions Debate, Jeff Abramson Mar 2008

Will Oslo Be The Next Ottawa? The Cluster-Munitions Debate, Jeff Abramson

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

More than a decade has passed since the monumental Ottawa Mine Ban Convention was opened for signature in December 1997. Now, with the adoption of the text of the Convention on Cluster Munitions in May 2008, the global community is closer than ever to an international agreement prohibiting the use of cluster munitions. A review of the key issues underpinning the debate on cluster munitions follows.


Connecting The Dots: The Ottawa Convention And The Ccm, Ken Rutherford, Nerina Čevra, Tracey Begley Mar 2008

Connecting The Dots: The Ottawa Convention And The Ccm, Ken Rutherford, Nerina Čevra, Tracey Begley

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

States Parties to the Convention on Cluster Munitions have refined the victim-assistance concepts found in the Ottawa Convention by defining victim assistance and clarifying VA obligations in the CCM. As the authors note, States Parties recognize that change can only be created through the people who implement it.


Reaching The Right People: Gender And Mine Action, Melissa Sabatier, Reuben Mccarthy Mar 2008

Reaching The Right People: Gender And Mine Action, Melissa Sabatier, Reuben Mccarthy

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Statistics suggest that males suffer anywhere between 75 and 95 percentof all mine- and unexploded ordnance-related accidents; however, mines and UXO also have a negative effect on community development, which directly affects female populations. As a result, governmental and nongovernmental organizations are increasing the involvement of women in mine-clearance practices as well as mine-risk education programs. More specifically, countries are beginning to understand the value and importance of “gender mainstreaming” in mine-action processes.


Gendered Structures Of Mine Action, Marie Nilsson, Virginie Rozes Mar 2008

Gendered Structures Of Mine Action, Marie Nilsson, Virginie Rozes

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

To examine the relevance of gender in the mine-action sector, the Swiss Campaign to Ban Landmines conducted a global survey and in-depth interviews. The author presents the findings of this research and its implications.


The Reintegration Of Landmine Survivors In Mine-Affected Northeast Albania, Melanie Reimer Mar 2008

The Reintegration Of Landmine Survivors In Mine-Affected Northeast Albania, Melanie Reimer

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

No abstract provided.


Gender Stigma And Erw Injuries, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Gender Stigma And Erw Injuries, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Although men account for a greater number of unexploded ordnance- and landmine-related casualties, explosive remnants of war accidents carry a distinct set of grim implications for women in many cultures. This article examines the specific social and economic repercussions for women in mine-contaminated regions and discusses some of the efforts to alleviate them.


Npa’S All-Female Demining Team In Sudan, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Npa’S All-Female Demining Team In Sudan, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Norwegian People’s Aid’s commitment to gender mainstreaming in mine action is reflected by the organization’s present work in Sudan. This article looks at the successes of the country’s first all-female demining team, established in 2007, as well as at the larger cultural and practical considerations of women in demining.


The Article 5 Extension Request Process, Tamar Gabelnick Mar 2008

The Article 5 Extension Request Process, Tamar Gabelnick

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines was very specific in saying that there were to be no exceptions to the 10-year deadline placed in the Ottawa Convention. However, with the treaty’s first mine-clearance deadline quickly approaching in 2009 at least 15 countries have found they may have bitten off more than they can chew. Or have they?


Dpko Practices In Gender Mainstreaming, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Dpko Practices In Gender Mainstreaming, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Following the adoption in 2000 of Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security, the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations of the United Nations Secretariat began mainstreaming gender perspectives into all of their peacekeeping operations. Within DPKO, the United Nations Mine Action Service maintains its own guidelines to help U.N. personnel mainstream gender considerations into all mine-action programs.


Special Report: The Looming Ottawa Deadlines, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Special Report: The Looming Ottawa Deadlines, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Under Article 5 of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction,States Parties are bound by a 10-year mine-clearance deadline. As the first clearance deadlines approach in March 2009, it is evident that several countries will not be able to meet their Ottawa-imposed deadlines.


The Looming Ottawa Deadlines: The Case Of Mozambique, Maria Isabel Macedo Dos Santos Mar 2008

The Looming Ottawa Deadlines: The Case Of Mozambique, Maria Isabel Macedo Dos Santos

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

With the impending 2009 Ottawa Convention deadline quickly approaching, it has become clear that Mozambique will not be able to complete their required obligations without an extension. Dwindling funding, inadequate resources and the challenge of other internal problems have delayed the mine-action progress, but what will be the solution?


Female And Integrated Demining Teams: Past, Present And Future, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Female And Integrated Demining Teams: Past, Present And Future, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Over the past few years, demining has evolved from being a man’s occupation to a unisex occupation. In many countries, females now work alongside males to clear mine-affected areas, removing landmines and unexploded ordnance at about the same rate as their male counterparts.


Gender In The Mine-Action Community, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Gender In The Mine-Action Community, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Comparing the perspectives of multiple gender specialists and detailing real-world examples, this article provides a multi-faceted look at gender mainstreaming in the mine-action community. The authors analyze four of the five mine-action pillars: clearance, mine-risk education, victim assistance and advocacy.


Cluster Munitions Monitoring And Information Campaign In Azerbaijan, Hafiz Safikhanov Mar 2008

Cluster Munitions Monitoring And Information Campaign In Azerbaijan, Hafiz Safikhanov

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

This article describes the initiatives undertaken by the Azerbaijan Campaign to Ban Landmines to confront the threat of cluster munitions in the country. Since the publication of its report in January of 2008, AzCBL has continued to lobby the government of Azerbaijan to ban the use of cluster munitions.


An African Perspective On The Cluster Munitions Convention, Sheila Mweemba Mar 2008

An African Perspective On The Cluster Munitions Convention, Sheila Mweemba

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

On 30 May 2008, the international community adopted the Convention on Cluster Munitions. It is little wonder that those who were against a convention of this sort are still reeling from the shock of it. Africa, on the other hand, can give itself a well-deserved pat on the back for having played a pivotal role in the adoption of a groundbreaking, legally-binding instrument of which posterity will judge the results.


Increasing Female Voices In Mine-Action Planning And Prioritization, Catherine Cecil, Kristen Rasmussen Mar 2008

Increasing Female Voices In Mine-Action Planning And Prioritization, Catherine Cecil, Kristen Rasmussen

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The Community Strengthening and Gender Mainstreaming in Integrated Mine Action Project focuses on one of the greatest challenges women face in mine affected areas of Cambodia: to be actively and meaningfully involved in the decision-making process in mine action. Three international organizations have collaborated to develop a complex plan addressing the issues and impediments facing the residents of many Cambodian villages. Its implementation demonstrates the sweeping changes necessary for participation by all villagers and the promise of truly integrated mine-action strategies.


Ncdr And Women In Jordan, Adnan Telfah, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

Ncdr And Women In Jordan, Adnan Telfah, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

High levels of gender inequality exist within Jordan—inequalities that affect the workforce. In a nation like Jordan, where women have minimal political participation and only 26 percent of women are active economically, it is difficult for women to be incorporated into the workforce. Fewer women are employed outside of the home when compared to men, with only 9 percent of Jordanian women above the age of 15 working outside their homes. Among females, unemployment rates are double those for males; further, high percentages of women are discouraged from seeking employment outside of the home. Women who are employed are typically …


United Nations Office For Disarmament Affairs, Cisr Journal Mar 2008

United Nations Office For Disarmament Affairs, Cisr Journal

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs is the global community’s chief authority on the issues of weapons reduction. Among its responsibilities UNODA acts as the U.N. Secretary-General’s liaison in fulfilling the obligations established by both the Ottawa Convention and the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. The Office for Disarmament Affairs’ Geneva branch oversees these activities and is responsible—in accordance with the Ottawa Convention—for collecting Article 7 reports, maintaining the list of Article 8 experts and organizing meetings of States Parties, as well as organizing meetings pertaining to the CCW.


Implementing The Ottawa Convention In Southeast Europe: Meeting Expectations In A Challenging Environment, Kerry Brinkert Jul 2007

Implementing The Ottawa Convention In Southeast Europe: Meeting Expectations In A Challenging Environment, Kerry Brinkert

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

As the 10-year deadline for fulfilling Article 5 of the Ottawa Convention is rapidly approaching for the first States that ratified or acceded to the Convention, each State Party faces the requirement that all known anti-personnel mines be destroyed. The author examines the progress and challenges that remain in Southeast Europe regarding Article 5 implementation


Capacity Building In Mine Action: Are We There Yet?, Olaf Juergensen Jul 2007

Capacity Building In Mine Action: Are We There Yet?, Olaf Juergensen

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

This article flags some of the major debates within the broader development literature and introduces concepts that might help to better define and identify what is meant by "capacity development."


Quality Management In Demining Organisations, Charles Loxton Jul 2007

Quality Management In Demining Organisations, Charles Loxton

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

In this article, the International Standards Organization 9001:2000 Quality Management System is compared to what leading actors in quality management and business management deem to be current best practise. The aim of this paper is to show the universal application of the ISO 9001:2000 system as a quality-management system and that it complies with best practises in business and quality management around the world. This article will highlight a few of the most important ISO clauses and show how they are supported by best practises.


2007 Marks 10th Anniversary Of Mine Action Standards, Faiz Paktian Jul 2007

2007 Marks 10th Anniversary Of Mine Action Standards, Faiz Paktian

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The International Mine Action Standards are guidelines set by the United Nations to implement mine action programs safely and effectively. The author discusses the purpose and processes of the IMAS as well as provides various references for those interested in learning more about the IMAS.


Armed Non-State Actors: Their Contribution To Solving The Landmine Problem, Anki Sjöberg Jul 2007

Armed Non-State Actors: Their Contribution To Solving The Landmine Problem, Anki Sjöberg

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Armed non-state actors are currently involved as fighting parties in conflicts all over the world; hence, for a true universalization of the rules and principles of human rights and international humanitarian law, the involvement of NSAs must be considered. This is equally true for prohibiting the use of AP mines because NSAs currently employ these devices. As NSAs are part of the problem, any solution must include them.


The Mine Action Express… Or The Wreck Of The ‘09, Dennis Barlow Nov 2006

The Mine Action Express… Or The Wreck Of The ‘09, Dennis Barlow

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The author discusses current challenges relating to an effective global mine action strategy; he considers approaches and policies that could enhance or impede demining efforts worldwide. There are many emerging concepts to consider in order to improve mine action, such as mainstreaming, risk management and national ownership. The author discusses potential future plans of action the community must undertake regarding these issues in order to deal effectively with landmines and explosive remnants of war.


Book Review: Commentaries On Arms Control Treaties, Vol. 1, The Convention On The Prohibition Of The Use, Stockpiling, Production, And Transfer Of Anti-Personnel Mines And On Their Destruction, J. Peter Pham Nov 2006

Book Review: Commentaries On Arms Control Treaties, Vol. 1, The Convention On The Prohibition Of The Use, Stockpiling, Production, And Transfer Of Anti-Personnel Mines And On Their Destruction, J. Peter Pham

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Demining programs have evolved considerably since the first program for humanitarian demining, the Mine Action Programme for Afghanistan, began in 1988. Likewise, the legal bases for dealing with the problem of landmines have developed substantially from the minimalist 1980 Protocol II to the Convention on the Prohibition or Restriction on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects, which entered into force in 1983, to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production, and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (also known as the …


Closing The Circle, Eddie Banks, Rob Shahmir Nov 2006

Closing The Circle, Eddie Banks, Rob Shahmir

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The authors present a critique of the International Mine Action Standards currently in use. After highlighting gaps in IMAS related to assessment and survey, an improved aspect of mine-action planning methodology is presented, which includes a prioritization component using a socioeconomic approach. The result is LIRA: landmine impact combined with a new measurement of risk assessment. This updated model can contribute to improved safety, quality and productivity of landmine action through more effective strategic planning tools.